Macro-Ergonomics Lecture 3 PDF

MACROERGONOMICS LECTURE # 3 SABA AIJAZ(Lecturer DIPM&R) MSAPT SUPERVISOR OCT-24  2 OBJECTIVES  To know about participatory ergonomics, macroergonomics, microergonomics.  Process for the macroergonomics.  Definitions  Participatory ergonomics: Proc...

MACROERGONOMICS LECTURE # 3 SABA AIJAZ(Lecturer DIPM&R) MSAPT SUPERVISOR OCT-24  2 OBJECTIVES  To know about participatory ergonomics, macroergonomics, microergonomics.  Process for the macroergonomics.  Definitions  Participatory ergonomics: Process by which workers of all levels help identify ergonomic problems and solutions  Macroergonomics: Subdiscipline of human factors or ergonomics that emphasizes a broad system view of design and fitting organization to person within that organization  Microergonomics: Approach to ergonomics that emphasizes examination of interface between person and product Macroergonomics  A perspective, an approach, a specific discipline or a Subdiscipline of human factors or ergonomics  “fit the organization to the person or persons within that organization”  Ergonomist assesses each element of an organization such that each element has potential for redesign  According to Hendrick and Kleiner “organizational psychology and Macroergonomics differ in their focus and approach”  Ergonomists redesign to ensure optimal human interactions with “jobs, machines and systems”  It evaluates and optimizes interface among human, machine, organization, technology, and environment by examining the personnel subsystem, the technologic subsystem, and internal and external environment  Goal is to design (or redesign) any and all parts of organization in order for the entire organization to operate in a harmonized fashion  Assessment includes looking at organization’s complexity: 1. Differentiation: segmentation of organization 2. Integration: of organization 3. Formalization: degree of standardization 4. Centralization  8 Macroergonomics Process Initial Evaluation Participatory Ergonomics Team Approach to Identify & Fill Gaps Research-Based & Community Process Role of Physical Therapists  Well trained therapists recognize how individual can fit into various environments during and after treatment  They provide guidance to help individual get back to “job” of life  Therapists involved in task analysis, especially on a physical and biomechanical level  Therapists can apply a macroergonomic approach to specific problem on an ergonomic team  Example: workers can experience work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMD)examine and redesign workstations When should a practitioner use a microergonomic approach?  Microergonomic approach is appropriate when identified problem is limited in scope  Limitations in resources can also initiate microergonomic approach  When resources are limited, a linear, stepwise approach can be used for problem solving prior to those issues that are most important and implementing solutions as resources become available Summary  Therapist can play significant role in helping individuals and managers see the value of ergonomics through microergonomic applications  They can suggest a team approach to attain large- scale, long-lasting organizational changes through macroergonomics