M1 Lesson 1. Intro to Mobile Computing.pdf

Module 1 | Mobile Computing 4 I LESSON Introduction to Mobile Computing LEARNING OBJECTIVES At the end of this lesson, you should be able to 1. Determi...

Module 1 | Mobile Computing 4 I LESSON Introduction to Mobile Computing LEARNING OBJECTIVES At the end of this lesson, you should be able to 1. Determined the different factors, and components used in Mobile Computing 2. Understood and described the functions and characteristics of mobile computing; 3. Analyzed the mobile computing architecture, security and trends; 4. Appreciated and presented the benefits of Mobile Computing in your daily living. Introduction The rapidly expanding technology of mobile communication, wireless LANs, and satellite services will make information accessible anywhere and at any time. In the near future, tens of millions of people will carry a portable palmtop or laptop computer. Smaller units, often called personal digital assistants or personal communicators, will run on AA batteries and may have only a small memory; in between sizes will be more powerful smartphones and tablets; larger ones will be powerful laptop computers with large memories and powerful processors. Regardless of size, most mobile computers will be equipped with a wireless connection to the fixed part of the network, and, perhaps, to other mobile computers. 4 Mobile Application Development Laboratory Module | MarSU-CICS  Module 1 | Mobile Computing 5 The resulting computing environment, which is often referred to as mobile or nomadic computing, no longer requires users to maintain a fixed and universally known position in the network and enables almost unrestricted mobility. Mobility and portability will create an entire new class of applications and, possibly, new massive markets combining personal computing and consumer electronics. Not only will information be easily accessible from virtually any place and time, but also, it will be stored in a highly decentralized, distributed information infrastructure often termed the "information superhighway." A wide variety of information servers (both public and proprietary) will be accessible to mobile computers. We have already seen the beginnings of this with the popularity of the World- Wide Web across a broad range of computer users. As the mobile infrastructures continue to develop, it Figure 1.1 Digital Innovation of Mobile Computing will become what is referred to as the "wireless mile" or "wireless on-ramp" for the information superhighway. In some applications, mobile computers themselves may contain data, or data may be stored on flash-memory "SD cards." This lesson presents a snapshot of the new, exciting, and rapidly developing field of mobile computing. The focus of this lesson is on the discussion of mobile computing and its components. It discusses the definition of mobile computing, the mobile computing architecture, the advantages of mobile computing, security issues and current trends. Also, included in this lesson are activities and exercises that will help you students in attaining the specific objectives presented at the beginning of the lesson. 5 Mobile Application Development Laboratory Module | MarSU-CICS  Module 1 | Mobile Computing 6 E N G A G E ? ? MOBILE ? ? Exercise 1: Mind your ideas…. Directions: What word or phrases that comes in your mind when you first hear the term MOBILE? Provide at least four terms and formulate the definition of the Mobile afterwards using the terms you have identified. Write your answers on the spaces provided below. TERMS Definition: 6 Mobile Application Development Laboratory Module | MarSU-CICS  Module 1 | Mobile Computing 7 E X P L O R E What is Mobile Computing? Mobile Computing is a technology that allows transmission of data, voice and video via a computer or any other wireless enabled device without having to be connected to a fixed physical link. The main concept involves −  Mobile communication  Mobile hardware  Mobile software Mobile Communication The mobile communication in this case, refers to the infrastructure put in place to ensure that seamless and reliable communication goes on. These would include devices such as protocols, services, bandwidth, and portals necessary to facilitate and support the stated services. The data format is also defined at this stage. This ensures that there is no collision with other existing systems which offer the Figure 1.2 Mobile Communications same service. Since the media is unguided/unbounded, the overlaying infrastructure is basically radio wave-oriented. That is, the signals are carried over the air to intended devices that are capable of receiving and sending similar kinds of signals. Mobile Hardware Mobile hardware includes mobile devices or device components that receive or access the service of mobility. They would range from portable laptops, smartphones; tablet Pc's, Personal Digital Assistants. 7 Mobile Application Development Laboratory Module | MarSU-CICS  Module 1 | Mobile Computing 8 These devices will have a receptor medium that is capable of sending and receiving signals. These devices are configured to operate in full- duplex, whereby they are capable of sending and receiving signals at the same time. They don't have to wait until one device has finished communicating for the other device to initiate communications. Figure 1.3 Mobile Hardware Above mentioned devices use an existing and established network to operate on. In most cases, it would be a wireless network. Mobile Software Mobile software is the actual program that runs on the mobile hardware. It deals with the characteristics and requirements of mobile applications. This is the engine of the mobile device. In other terms, it is the operating system of the appliance. It's the essential component that operates the mobile device. Figure 1.4 Mobile Software Since portability is the main factor, this type of computing ensures that users are not tied or pinned to a single physical location, but are able to operate from anywhere. It incorporates all aspects of wireless communications. 8 Mobile Application Development Laboratory Module | MarSU-CICS  Module 1 | Mobile Computing 9 Exercise 2: Word Classification Directions: Analyze and classify the terms below as to what concept of Mobile Computing they belong. Android OS Huawei Matepad Pro Samsung Galaxy 10 Symbian OS Internet Internet Service Provider Mac Book Pro ColorOS Mobile Software Mobile Communication Mobile Hardware 1. 1. 1. 2. 2. 2. 3. 3. 3. 4. 4. 4. E X P L A I N Mobile Computing Architecture Figure 1.4 Three-Tier Architecture of Mobile Computing 9 Mobile Application Development Laboratory Module | MarSU-CICS  Module 1 | Mobile Computing 10 Mobile Computing Architecture refers to define various layers between the user applications interfaces, devices and network hardware. A well-defined architecture is required for systematic computations and access data and software objectives. The mobile computing architecture is presented in Fig. 1.5 “The Three-Tier Mobile Computing Architecture”. Three-tier architecture is an application program that is organized into three major parts. In the three-tier architecture, it is composed of: 1. The data access layer tier at the bottom, 2. The application tier (business logic) in the middle and 3. The client tier (presentation) at the top. First Tier: Client or Presentation Tier  This layer deals with user facing, device handling, and rendering.  This tier includes a user system interface where user services (such as session, text input, and dialog and display management) reside. Second Tier: Application or Business Logic Tier:  This layer is for application programs or process management where business logic and rules are executed.  This layer is capable of accommodating hundreds of users.  It controls transactions and asynchronous queuing to ensure reliable completion of transactions.  It performs the business logic of processing user input, obtaining data and making decisions.  Application Tier may include technology like CGI, Java, JSP,.Net services, PHP or ColdFusion deployed in products like Apache, WebSphere, WebLogic, iPlanet, JBOSS. Third Tier: Data Access Tier:  This layer is for database access and management.  This tier architecture provides increased performance, flexibility, maintainability, reusability and scalability while hiding complexity of distributed processing from the user. 10 Mobile Application Development Laboratory Module | MarSU-CICS  Module 1 | Mobile Computing 11  Data Tier is used to store data needed by the application and acts as a repository for both temporary and permanent data. Mobile Computing Major Advantages Mobile computing has changed the complete landscape of our day-to-day life. Following are the major advantages of Mobile Computing − Location Flexibility This has enabled users to work from anywhere as long as there is a connection established. A user can work without being in a fixed position. Their mobility ensures that they are able to carry out numerous tasks at the same time and perform their stated jobs. Figure 1.5 Diagram for Location Flexibility Saves Time The time consumed or wasted while travelling from different locations or to the office and back has been slashed. One can now access all the important documents and files over a secure channel or portal and work as if they were on their computer. It has enhanced telecommuting in many companies. It has also reduced unnecessary incurred expenses. Figure 1.6 Saves Time Enhanced Productivity Users can work efficiently and effectively from whichever location they find comfortable. This in turn enhances their productivity level. Figure 1.7 Enhanced Productivity 11 Mobile Application Development Laboratory Module | MarSU-CICS  Module 1 | Mobile Computing 12 Ease of Research Research has been made easier, since users earlier were required to go to the field and search for facts and feed them back into the system. It has also made it easier for field officers and researchers to collect and feed data from wherever they are without making unnecessary trips to and from the office to the field. Entertainment Video and audio recordings can now be streamed on-the-go using mobile computing. It's easy to access a wide variety of movies, educational and informative material. With the improvement and availability of high speed data connections at considerable cost, one is able to get all the entertainment they want as they browse the internet for streamed data. One is able to watch news, movies, and documentaries among other entertainment offers over Figure 1.8 Entertainment Apps the internet. This was not possible before mobile computing dawned on the computing world. Streamlining of Business Processes Business processes are now easily available through secured connections. Looking into security issues, adequate measures have been put in place to ensure authentication and authorization of the user accessing the services. Some business functions can be run over secure links and sharing of information between business partners can also take place. Meetings, seminars and other informative services can be conducted using video and voice conferencing. Travel time and expenditure is also considerably reduced. Figure 1.9 Streamlining 12 Mobile Application Development Laboratory Module | MarSU-CICS  Module 1 | Mobile Computing 13 E L A B O R A T E The significant application of the architecture and advantages of mobile computing cannot be appreciated when not applied and utilized in your daily living. The discussion of the three layers of the mobile computing architecture provided you the visualization on the specific components that makes up mobile computing as its concepts revolves on mobile communication, hardware and software. To deepen more the importance of the existence of such architecture, analyze and answer the following activities while applying the concepts discussed. Exercise 3: Sampling Architecture Directions: Based on the three-tier architecture of mobile applications; provide more examples of each layer to complete the table below (with picture). Afterwards, provide a one or two sentences explanation for each given example that proves its classification. Use the examples as guide. Place your answers on the spaces provided. Client Tier Application Tier Data Access Tier Log-In Form Java Technology MySQL Database 1. Log-In Form is an example of a 1. For Application Tier, Java 1. MySQL Database is considered a Data Tier because it is a one of technology is a good example. part of the Data Access Tier the first user interface that a user Java Technology is a tool that because it is one of the major accesses when using an developers used to create and DBMS that is being used in many application. build applications embedded in a types of application development. log-in form or any other part of an app or website. 13 Mobile Application Development Laboratory Module | MarSU-CICS  Module 1 | Mobile Computing 14 Continuation Exercise 3: Sampling… Client Tier Application Tier Data Access Tier 2. 2. 2. 3. 3. 3. Now that you have finished the exercise for the three-tier architecture of mobile computing, you have to accomplish the next part which is about the advantages of mobile computing. As previously discussed, mobile computing was conceived as a generic term that refers to a variety of devices that allow people to access data and information from wherever they are. Mobile computing transports data, voice, and video over a network via a mobile device. With this broad capability, mobile computing has benefited people with many advantages applicable in all aspects of their daily living. You, as one of the member of the community and being also part of the new generations has utilized the advanced technology and benefit from it in many different ways. To apply the advantages of mobile computing, in your own life, accomplish the following exercises. 14 Mobile Application Development Laboratory Module | MarSU-CICS  Module 1 | Mobile Computing 15 Exercise 4: Life of a Gen-Z Directions: From the discussion of the Advantages of Mobile Computing, fill-up the table below by supplying your past or present experiences that may have exhibited the advantages of mobile computing. You may provide as many experiences related to a specific advantage, just be careful not to confuse between different advantages. Advantages Experiences 1. Location Flexibility 2. Saves Time 3. Enhanced Productivity 4. Ease of Research 5. Entertainment 6. Streamlining of Business Processes 15 Mobile Application Development Laboratory Module | MarSU-CICS  Module 1 | Mobile Computing 16 E V A L U A T E Well done! You have completed the lesson about the Introduction of Mobile Computing. How was the experience? Have you learned all the discussed topics? Now, it is time for your assessment. The following assessment will evaluate you whether you have learned everything from this lesson. Are you ready? Let’s begin! Worksheet 1: Beauty of Mobile Computing Directions: Watch the video clip about mobile computing uploaded with this Worksheet (Title: Worksheet1_VideoClip). Develop a reflection paper discussing your analysis on the mobile computing concepts with the appreciation and presentation of the benefits of Mobile Computing. Write your answers on spaces provided. Name: Date: Section: 16 Mobile Application Development Laboratory Module | MarSU-CICS  Module 1 | Mobile Computing 17 Continuation Worksheet 1: Beauty of… 17 Mobile Application Development Laboratory Module | MarSU-CICS  Module 1 | Mobile Computing 18 Rubrics for Reflective Writing Table 1.1 Rubrics for Reflective Writing --END OF LESSON1-- 18 Mobile Application Development Laboratory Module | MarSU-CICS