LG 2.3 A Greek Creation Myth PDF

Learning Guide Module Subject Code Eng 4 English 4 Module Code 2.0 Mythology Lesson Code 2.3 A Greek Creation Myth Time Limit 30 minutes Components...

Learning Guide Module Subject Code Eng 4 English 4 Module Code 2.0 Mythology Lesson Code 2.3 A Greek Creation Myth Time Limit 30 minutes Components Tasks TAa ATAb Target By the end of this learning guide module, the students should be able to: 1 1. trace how the world came into existence according to Greek mythology min. 2. understand the significant roles played by Greek gods and goddesses. Hook If you were a deity, what would you be the god or goddess of? Draw a symbol that would best represent you. Explain the power that you possess as a god or goddess. 3 mins. Ignite An Origin Story from Greek Mythology The first written cosmogony or origin story in Greek Mythology is from Hesiod’s Theogony which dates back to 700 BC. It starts with the emergence of 17 four primordial beings, namely Chaos or the gap, Gaea or the earth, Tartarus mins. or the abyss, and Eros or love. From them, all other elements, gods and goddesses came about. English 4 |Page 1 of 7  Below is the family tree tracing the lineage of all the characters in the Greek origin story. As shown in the chart, Gaea’s first children were Erebus or darkness and Nyx or night, whom she bore with Chaos. Erebus and Nyx had children together, specifically Aether or bright upper air, and Hemera or day. Nyx had children of her own apart from Erebus, namely Moros or fate, Ker or doom, Thanatos or death, Hypnos or sleep, Oneiroi or dreams, Geras or old age, Oizus or pain, Nemesis or revenge, Eris or strige, Apate or deceit, Philotes or pleasure, Momos or blame, and Hesperides or the daughters of the evening. After Erebus and Nyx, Gaea gave birth to her husband Uranus or sky, and together they created three one-eyed Cyclopes, three hundred-handed Hecatoncheires, and twelve titans namely Coeus, Crius, Cronus, Hyperion, Iapetus, Oceanus, Mnemosyne, Phoebe, Rhea, Theia, Themis and Tethys. Of these twelve titans, Cronus and Rhea are the most prominent for it was their marriage that produced the Olympian gods, though Cronus swallowed his first five children Murray, A. S. (1985). Manual of before his youngest son Zeus tricked Mythology. Deities of Highest Order. Retrieved from: him into spitting out Hestia, Demeter, http://www.elfinspell.com Hera, Hades and Poseidon. /MurrayMyth/Cronus.html The reason for Cronus’ unfatherly behavior was his paranoia after castrating his own father, Uranus, for imprisoning the Cyclopes and the Hecatoncheires in Tartarus. Cronus threw Uranus’ severed body part into the sea, which was how Aphrodite, the goddess of love and beauty, was brought into being. The blood English 4 |Page 2 of 7 that spilled from Uranus after his castration also created the Giants, the Meliae or ash tree nymphs and the Erinyes or the Furies. This fear that one’s offspring might bring the father’s demise is mirrored in Zeus’ treatment of his first wife Metis or wisdom. After it was prophesied that she will give birth to a greater god than Zeus, he swallowed her whole. However, their daughter still emerged from Zeus’ forehead, fully grown and dressed for war. Zeus and Metis’ daughter was Athena, the goddess of wisdom, civilization and justice. Teaching Greek Mythology (2015). Ancient World Magazine. Retrieved from: https://www.ancientworldmagazine.com/articles/teaching-greek-mythology/ Speaking of justice, perhaps one of the most noteworthy wars among heavenly beings is the Titanomachy, in which the titans led by Atlas clashed with the gods and goddesses led by Zeus. The latter eventually won after Zeus freed Hecatoncheires and Cyclopes, who gave him his signature thunderbolt, a trident to Poseidon, and the helmet of invisibility to Hades. As a result of the titans’ defeat, Zeus banished every last one of them to Tartarus except for Atlas, who was tasked with holding the universe atop his shoulders for eternity. Gaea, the mother of the titans, was so enraged that she gave birth to one last titan – Typhon – who was also subdued by Zeus and buried under Mount Etna in Sicily, where it is said that he can still be heard under the volcano today, waiting for the time to challenge Zeus again. The first story in Greek Mythology that depicted interactions between gods and men is that of Prometheus (forethought) and Epimetheus (afterthought), sons of Zeus who created men and animals respectively. While Prometheus shaped man out of mud, Epimetheus gave all of the gifts they had to the animals. As a result, they ran out of gifts to give mankind. Prometheus decided to give man fire though only gods were meant to have access to it. When Zeus found out what Prometheus had done, he punished Prometheus by chaining him to a mountain for a vulture to peck out his liver every day for the rest of eternity. As a punishment for humanity, Zeus created Pandora, a beautiful woman to whom each god gave a gift. Zeus gave her curiosity and a box which she was instructed to never open before sending her off for Epimetheus to marry her. Unfortunately, Pandora’s curiosity got the better of her, and when she opened English 4 |Page 3 of 7 the box from Zeus, everything evil flew out – pain, sickness, envy, greed, and other horrors that exist in the world today – but so did one crucial thing: hope. Photo Retrieved from: https://nsms6thgradesocialstudies.weebly.com/greek- mythology. The ancient Greeks believed in scores of gods and demigods. But the most powerful were the deities of Mount Olympus (Mytikas). Greek Name Roman Name Identity Associated items and symbols Zeus Jupiter King of all the gods Eagle, lightning, thunderbolt, and Wife: Hera scepter Hera Juno Queen of Heaven, Peacock, Goddess of marriage, pomegranate, childbirth, kings, and lotus staff, and empire, known for her Argos City jealousy Children: Hephaestus, Ares, and Hebe Hestia Vesta Goddess of the hearth, Hearth and fire home, architecture, domesticity, family, and the state. Demeter Ceres Goddess of the harvest Wheat and and agriculture cornucopia Poseidon Neptune God of the sea, floods, Trident, horses, drought, and horses and dolphins Wife: Amphitrite Hades Pluto God of the underworld Cerberus, helmet and death of invisibility, and bident Wife: Persephone, who was abducted by Hades English 4 |Page 4 of 7  Ares Mars God of war, violence, Bronze-tipped and civil order spear, golden armor, vulture, and venomous snake Apollo Apollo God of music, poetry, Lyre and laurel (Phoebus Apollo) archery, and healing Artemis Diana Goddess of the hunt, Deer, bow and (Phoebe and Selene) the moon, and chastity arrow Aphrodite Venus Goddesses of love and Myrtle wreath, beauty apple, scallop shell, and dove Hephaestus Vulcan God of blacksmiths, Smith’s tools sculptors, metallurgy, and donkey fire and volcanoes Wife: Aphrodite Eros Cupid God of love and lustfulWings, kisses, desires bow and arrow Athena Minerva Goddess of wisdom, Olive tree, owl, warfare, andand spear, shield, handicrafts and Athens City Hermes Mercury God of travel and tradeWinged sandals, travelers cap, and caduceus Dionysus Bacchus God of celebration and Cup full of wine pleasure and maenads Task. Answer the item concisely and substantially. If a Greek god or goddess were to appear to you and grant you a wish which is limited to his/her power, who would that deity be and what would you ask for? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Rubric for Scoring: 5 – The response provides a fully developed thesis with substantial details. It essentially addresses the question. There are no grammatical errors. 4 – The response provides a partially developed thesis with substantial details. It fairly addresses the question. There are only 1 to 2 grammatical errors. 3 – The response provides an incomplete thesis with some evidence. It only partially addresses the question. There are 3 to 4 grammatical errors. English 4 |Page 5 of 7  2 – The response provides a vague thesis supported with insufficient information. There are 5 to 6 grammatical errors. 1 – The response barely has or has no thesis with little to no evidence to support it. There are a lot of grammatical errors. Navigate Learning Task Analogy: Each item is an analogy of two pairs of words. The first pair has been provided while the second pair is incomplete. Choose the word to fill up the blank that will complete each analogy. (10 points) 1. Ceres: Persephone :: Juno : __________ A. Hestia C. Hebe 7 B. Artemis D. Urania mins. 2. Hermes: Caduceus :: Hades : __________ A. Lyre C. Trident B. Caduceus D. Bident 3. Athens: Athena :: Argos: __________ A. Artemis C. Demeter B. Hera D. Persephone 4. Hades: Persephone :: Poseidon: __________ A. Amphitrite C. Aphrodite B. Eurydice D. Gaea 5. Apollo: Phoebus :: Artemis: __________ A. Oceanus C. Phoebe and Selene B. Phoebus D. Vulcan and Mulciber 6. Artemis: Diana :: Hestia: __________ A. Ceres C. Minerva B. Juno D. Vesta 7. Owl: Athena:: Dove: __________ A. Persephone C. Amphitrite B. Aphrodite D. Artemis 8. Persephone: abducted wife :: Hera : __________ A. sacred wife C. loyal wife B. greedy wife D. jealous wife 9. Eros: Cupid :: Dionysus : __________ A. Bacchus C. Dis B. Neptune D. Phoebus 10. Rhea: Cronus :: Aphrodite: __________ A. Ares C. Poseidon B. Apollo D. Hephaestus Knot Summary ▪ There are many significant deities and powerful beings in Greek mythology, most notably the Titans and the major gods of Olympus. 2 Ancient Greeks worshipped these beings to appease them. More so, these mins. supernatural myths helped make the unknown world more knowable, provide moral guidance to live a good life, and offer a source of entertainment through stories, songs, and performances. English 4 |Page 6 of 7  ▪ Greek mythology, like other bodies of mythology, is full of stories about violence, war, and tragedies, but also about love, hope, and humanity, which were drawn from the rich human experience of Ancient Greeks. References Greek creation myth. (n.d.) Williams College. Retrieved on 5 August 2020 from https://www.cs.williams.edu/~lindsey/myths/myths_16.html Greek mythology. (2020) History.com. Retrieved on 5 August 2020 from https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/greek-mythology Greek origin story: The titans and the gods of Olympus. (n.d.) Khan Academy. Retrieved on 5 August 2020 from https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/big-history-project/what-is- big-history/origin-stories/a/origin-story-greek The creation. (n.d.) Greek Mythology. Retrieved on 5 August 2020 from https://www.greekmythology.com/Myths/The_Myths/ The_Creation/ the_creation.html Greek creation myth. (n.d.) Williams College. Retrieved on 5 August 2020 from https://www.cs.williams.edu/~lindsey/myths/myths_16.html Greek mythology. (2020) History.com. Retrieved on 5 August 2020 from https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/greek-mythology Greek origin story: The titans and the gods of Olympus. (n.d.) Khan Academy. Retrieved on 5 August 2020 from https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/big-history-project/what-is- big-history/origin-stories/a/origin-story-greek The creation. (n.d.) Greek Mythology. Retrieved on 5 August 2020 from https://www.greekmythology.com/Myths/The_Myths/The_Creation/th e_creation.html a suggested time allocation set by the teacher b actual time spent by the student (for information purposes only) Prepared by: Jared P. Manalastas Reviewed: Brian Villanueva Position: SST-II Position: SST-II Campus: PSHS-CLC Campus: PSHS-Main Campus English 4 |Page 7 of 7