Purposive Communication Lesson 4 - Effective Communication (PDF)

Purposive Communication GEED 005 LESSON 4 EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION HUMAN KNOWLEDGE Not all people change their minds even though they are faced with facts. Changing our minds demands empathy, vulnerability, and courage. Sometimes, it can be the most educated people...

Purposive Communication GEED 005 LESSON 4 EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION HUMAN KNOWLEDGE Not all people change their minds even though they are faced with facts. Changing our minds demands empathy, vulnerability, and courage. Sometimes, it can be the most educated people about a subject who could be the most differentiated. Try to do this in your next argument: 1. Listen 2. Engage your sense of curiosity 3. Be emphatic 4. And when it is your turn to speak, take the time to retrace the steps you took to arrive at your conclusion. 5. Find at least one point of the agreement 6. Share the best evidence you have 7. Try to create an environment where there is mutual respect John Kenneth Galbraith, an economist, said that “When faced with the choice between changing our mind and proving that there’s no need to do so, let us prove to ourselves that we have the intellect to reach for the best possible evidence, and not just the proof that we want to see.” WHAT IS QUALITY INFORMATION? QUALITY INFORMATION Sharing information is fundamental to a healthy society, and it needs to be freely available. FACT-CHECK EVERY PIECE OF INFORMATION. HOW DOES IT HAPPEN? How do we gauge whether the claim is true or false? Heuristics are mental shortcuts that allow people to solve problems and make judgments quickly and efficiently. FUNDAMENTAL HEURISTICS AND BIASES WE ARE OFTEN COGNITIVE LAZY. 2 Thinking Systems in our brain: System 1-fast and automatic. Working without awareness System 2- handles deeper, more effortful processing, and is under our conscious control. FUNDAMENTAL HEURISTICS AND BIASES WE ARE OFTEN COGNITIVE LAZY. System 2, since it’s doing the harder work, drains more of our cognitive resources. So, whenever possible, we prefer to rely on System 1 (even if we don’t realize that’s what we’re doing). Example If it takes 5 machines 5 minutes to make 5 widgets, how long would it take 100 machines to make 100 widgets? Is it: 100 minutes or 5 minutes? FUNDAMENTAL HEURISTICS AND BIASES FAMILIARITY When we are repeatedly exposed to the same information even if it is meaningless, or if we are not consciously aware that we have see it before it gradually becomes easier for us to process. Purposive Communication GEED 005 EVALUATING MESSAGES: REAL OR FAKE NEWS? FAKE NEWS The internet is a breeding ground for false rumors, conspiracy theories, and outright lies, and none of us are immune. FAKE NEWS According to a study published in the Journal of Science, on average, false stories reach 1,500 people six times faster than true stories do. They’re also 70 percent more likely to be retweeted than real stories. MISINFORMATION Misinformation poses a sinister threat to democracy, and to the functioning of civil society in general. HOW TO AVOID MISINFORMATION? EVALUATING MESSAGES WHY DO WE EVALUATE MESSAGES? The importance of evaluating the effectiveness of the messages is by developing and using strategic questions to identify strengths and weaknesses. HOW TO AVOID MISINFORMATION? EVALUATING MESSAGES HOW DO WE EVALUATE MESSAGES? In order to evaluate whether a message is effective, we can ask ourselves a series of questions that reflect a message’s simplicity, specificity, structure, and 4 MAIN QUALITIES FOR AN EFFECIVE MESSAGE 1.SIMPLICITY 2.SPECIFICITY 3.STRUCTURE 4.STICKINESS 4 MAIN QUALITIES FOR AN EFFECIVE MESSAGE 1. SIMPLICITY - In order to ensure that the messages have simplicity, we should ask ourselves 2 questions: 1. Is the purpose evident? 2. Is the core message clear? 4 MAIN QUALITIES FOR AN EFFECIVE MESSAGE 2. SPECIFICITY - This refers to our choices of language and its usage. To ensure language is specific, we should ask ourselves the following questions: 1. Is the language specific? 2. Is the language concrete, rather than abstract 3. Does it use words that have additional meanings and could perhaps be misconstrued? 4 MAIN QUALITIES FOR AN EFFECIVE MESSAGE 3.STRUCTURE - Ideas should be organized and easy to follow. 1. Does the message have a structure? 2. Is there a more effective way to arrange the ideas? 4 MAIN QUALITIES FOR AN EFFECIVE MESSAGE 4. STICKINESS The messages should display coherence and unity of ideas. Does the idea of the message flow smoothly?