LESSON 2 PHILIPPINE LITERARY ERAS.pdf

st 21 Century Literature from the philippines and the World Lesson 2: Philippine Literary History from Pre-Colonial to the Contemporary  What do I need to know? This lesson was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you understand 21st Century Literature in the Phil...

st 21 Century Literature from the philippines and the World Lesson 2: Philippine Literary History from Pre-Colonial to the Contemporary  What do I need to know? This lesson was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you understand 21st Century Literature in the Philippines and the Word. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course about: 1. Geographic, Linguistic, and Ethnic Dimensions of Philippine literary history from Pre-Colonial to Contemporary.  Lesson Objectives: After going through this lesson, you are expected to: a. Identify geographic, linguistic, and ethnic dimensions of Philippine history from Pre-Colonial to Contemporary. b. Write a close analysis and critical interpretation of literary texts. c. Show a sense of adaptability of the Philippine literary history. Let’s do this! Thinking about our HISTORY!  BAYBAYIN Our forefathers already had their literature, which reflected in their customs and traditions. They had their alphabet even before they had been colonized. The Spanish friars burned their alphabet in the belief that they were works of the evil or were written on materials that quickly perish, like the barks of trees, dry leaves, and bamboo cylinders, which could not have remained firm even if efforts were made to preserve them. Our unique geographic location is the reason why we are rich. Lesson02 Philippine Literary History from Pre-Colonial to the Contemporary Pre-Spanish literature PRE-SPANISH Literature These are made up of stories about life, adventure, love, horror, and FOLKTALES humor where one can derive lessons about life. An example of this is the MOON AND THE SUN. Epics are long narrative poems in which a series of heroic achievements or events, usually EPICS of a hero, are dealt with at length. Ex. Biag-ni-Lam-ang These are one of the oldest forms of pre-Spanish period. These songs mirrored the early forms of culture. FOLK SONGS Many of these have 12 syllables. Ex. Kundiman, Kumintang, Ang Dalit, Oyayi o Hele. Spanish literature SPANISH Literature RECREATIONAL PLAYS There are many recreational plays performed by Filipinos during the Spanish Spanish Influence on Philippine Literature. times. Almost all of them were in a The first Filipino ALIBATA, was replaced by the poetic form such as CENACULO, ROMAN Alphabet. Also, the teaching of PANUNULUYAN, SALUBONG, and Christian Doctrine became the basis of ZARSUELA, religious practices. European legends and traditions brought here became assimilated in our songs, corridos, and moro-moros. FOLK SONGS Its manifests the artistic feelings of the Filipino and shows their innate appreciate for and love and beauty. The examples are, LERON-LERON SINTA, PAMULINAWEN, DANDANSOY, SARRONG BANGGI, and ATIN CU PUNG SINGSING. PERIOD OF ENLIGHTENMENT 1872-1898 Period of enlightenment The PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT This movement was spearheaded mostly by the intellectual middle-class like JOSE RIZAL, MARCELO DEL PILAR, GRACIANO LOPEZ JAENA, ANTONIO LUNA, MARIANO PONCE, JOSE MA. PANGANIBAN, and PEDRO PATERNO. Period of enlightenment AIMS of PROPAGANDA LITERARY WORKS during MOVEMENT PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT They called for the assimilation ✔ Noli Me tangere of the Philippines as a Province of ✔ El Filibusterismo Spain. ✔ Mi Ultimo Adios ✔ Pag-ibig sa Tinaguang Lupa So that the same laws will be ✔ Kaingat Kayo (Be Careful) applied in the Philippines ✔ Dasalan at Tocsohan The inhabitants of the ✔ Ang Fray Botod Philippines will experience the ✔ Sa mga Pilipino 1981 same civil liberties and rights as ✔ Everything is Hambug that of a Spanish citizen. The American regime 1898-1944 the American regime Characteristics of Literature during this period. ✔ José Garcia Villa became famous for his FREE VERSE in this period. ✔ The languages used in writing were Spanish, Tagalog and dialects of the different regions, but the writers in Tagalog continued in there lamentations on the conditions of the country and their attempts to arouse love for one's native tongue and the writers in English imitated the themes and methods of the Americans. The JAPANESE PERIOD 1941-1945  the JAPANESE PERIOD Between 1941-1945, Philippine literature was interrupted in its development when another foreign country, Japan, Characteristics of Literature conquered the Philippines. during this period. Philippine literature in English The most common theme of came to a halt. Except for the most poems during the Tribune and the Philippine Japanese occupation was Review, almost all newspapers in nationalism, country, love, life English were stopped by the in the barrios, faith, religion, Japanese. and the arts.  the JAPANESE PERIOD HAIKU- A poem of free verse that the Japanese like. It was made up of 17 syllables divided into three lines. TANAGA- A Filipino poem like the haiku, is short, but it had measure and rhyme. It has four lines with seven syllables each with the same rhyme at the end. KARANIWANG ANYO- Usual form, conventional.  the JAPANESE PERIOD PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH. Because of the strict prohibitions imposed by the Japanese in the writing and publishing of works in English, Philippine literature in English experience dark period. For the first 20 years, many books were published both in Filipino and in English. In the new Filipino Literature, Philippine literature in Tagalog was revived during this period. Most themes in the writings dealt with Japanese brutalities, the poverty of life under the Japanese government, and the brave guerilla exploits. Period of activism 1970-1972  period of activism Characteristics of Literature during this period. According to Pociano Pineda, youth activism in 1970-1972 was due to domestic and worldwide causes. Because of the ills of society, the youth moved to seek reforms. period of activism The Literary Revolution The youth became vocal with their sentiments. They demanded a change in the government. It was manifested in the bloody demonstrations and the sidewalk expressions but also in literature. Period of the new society 1972-1980 period of the new society The Literary Revolution The youth became vocal with their sentiments. They demanded a change in the government. It was manifested in the bloody demonstrations and the sidewalk expressions but also in literature. period of the new society Period of the New Society News on economic progress, discipline, culture, tourism, and the like were favored more than the sensationalized reporting of killings, rape, and robberies. Filipinos before we're hooked in reading magazines and comics. Period of the third republic 1981-1985  rd period of the 3 republic Period of the 3rd Republic After 10 years of military rule and some changes in the life of the Filipino, which started under the New Society, Martial Rule was at last lifted on January 2, 1981. The Philippines became a new nation, and this; former president Marcos called "The New Republic of the Philippines." Poems during this period of the third republic were romantic and revolutionary. Many Filipino songs dealt with themes that were true to life like those of grief, poverty, aspirations for freedom, love of God, of country and fellowmen. Post edsa 1 revolution 1986-1995  POST-EDSA 1 REVOLUTION History took another twist. Once more, the Filipino people regain their independence, which I lost 20 years ago. In four days from February 21-25, 1986, the so-called PEOPLE POWER prevailed. In the short span of the existence of the real Republic of the Philippines, several changes already became evident. It was noticed in the new Filipino songs, newspapers, speeches, and even in the television programs. The no crony newspapers that enjoyed an overnight increase in circulation were the INQUIRER, MALAYA, and the PEOPLE’S JOURNAL.  ST 21 CENTURY PERIOD  ST 21 CENTURY PERIOD The new trends have been used and introduced to meet the need and taste of the new generation. 21st century learners are demanded to be ICT inclined to compete with the style and format of writing as well. New codes or Lingos are used to add flavor in the literary pieces produced nowadays. Philippine Literary Eras Padre Faura Witnesses the Execution of Dr. Jose Rizal by Danton Remoto 1. Pre-colonial Period (Early times-1564) The roots of Philippine literature can It is divided into three categories be traced back to the pre-colonial by E. Arsenio Manuel, a literary period. scholar. These categories are: Literature in this period is any literature which existed before the 1. Mythological Spaniards entered the Philippine soil. 2. Heroic Age 3. (Folk Speeches) Riddles Philippine Literary Eras Mythological Age This is the period when our ancestors told about the creation of human beings and the world, natural phenomena, and deities and spirits. Philippine Literary Eras Heroic Age Biag ni Lam-ang In this period, the characters in Ilocano stories evolved. Epics became a popular genre, and they were chanted during important events in the community to inspire people. Philippine Literary Eras Forms of Literature During Pre-colonial Period Folk Speeches A. Proverbs B. Tanaga C. Lullabies D. Riddles E. Folk Songs F. Legends G. Myths H. Epics Philippine Literary Eras 1. Pre-colonial Period (Early times-1564) Literature was based on oral tradition since no form of writing existing during that period. But in some cases, our ancestors were able to make use of handwriting system to pen down some works of literature. The writing system used by Filipinos during the Pre-colonial period is the Baybayin. Philippine Literary Eras 2. Spanish Colonial Rule ❑ During this time, literature was greatly influenced by the Spaniards, and new literary forms emerged. ❑ Philippine literature during the Spanish colonial period was mainly dominated by religious and secular themes. ❑ The Philippine literature during Spanish colonial period focused on religion and values, which became instruments in spreading Christianity and Spanish-oriented culture. ❑ Spanish priests believe that stories about mythical creatures, spirits, deities, and rituals contain works of the devil, which is why they attempted to eliminate these stories and replaced them with religious ones to convert natives to Christianity. Philippine Literary Eras  3. American Colonial Period A. Period of Apprenticeship (1910-1920) 1. Poems- written were amateurish and mushy, which praising and diction is awkward and artificial. 2. Short Stories a. Dead Stars by Paz Marquez Benitez b. The Key- Paz Latorena c. Footnote to the Youth- Jose Garcia Villa 3. Novels- Child of Sorrow- First novel in English by Zoilo Galang B. Period of Emergence (1910-1920) a. Short stories- most prevalent form Philippine Literary Eras 4. Japanese Colonial Period ❑ Tagalog poets broke away from the Balatas tradition and instead wrote in simple language and free verse. ❑ Fiction prevailed over poetry. ❑ Bountiful harvest in poetry, fiction, drama and essay. ❑ Filipino writers mastered English and familiarized themselves with diverse techniques. ❑ Literary "giants' appeared. Philippine Literary Eras 5. 21st Century Literature ❑ From conservative plots, literary works nowadays are gender sensitive, exploring the plurality of culture and challenging cultural normativities. ❑ During 21st Century, the use of technology played an important role. From blogs, stories materialized and turned into books. Stories uploaded via Wattpad not only materialized into books but also adapted into movies. ❑ Writers also embark on translating their works into another language or dialect or Philippine Literary Eras Formative Question: How is the importance of knowing how Philippine Literature evolved from then to now? Philippine Literary Eras END