Evolution of Media PDF

LESSON 2\ EVOLUTION OF MEDIA 4 AGES OF MEDIA PRE-INDUSTRIAL AGE (BEFORE 1700S) -People discovered fire, developed paper from plants, and forged weapons and tools with stone, bronze, copper and iron. Examples: CAVE PAINTINGS (35,000 BC) \- In the time of prehistoric men, the way of communicati...

LESSON 2\ EVOLUTION OF MEDIA 4 AGES OF MEDIA PRE-INDUSTRIAL AGE (BEFORE 1700S) -People discovered fire, developed paper from plants, and forged weapons and tools with stone, bronze, copper and iron. Examples: CAVE PAINTINGS (35,000 BC) \- In the time of prehistoric men, the way of communication between the people was through cave paintings by using paint and brushes to draw images. To create the paint, cavemen used materials such as soil, water, plant juice, animal blood, and hematite. From using these tools, prehistoric men were able to deliver messages to tell an event that already happened, teach how to hunt, and possibly for religious reasons. CLAY TABLETS IN MESOPOTAMIA (2400 BC)\ - Evidence of the first writing on the clay tablets has been found in southern Mesopotamia. PAPYRUS IN EGYPT (2500 BC)\ - Papyrus is a material similar to thick paper that was used in ancient times as a writing surface. It was made from pith of the papyrus plant, Cyperus papyrus, a wetland sedge. First papyrus was only used in Egypt, but by about 1000BC people all over West Asia began buying papyrus from Egypt and using it, since it was much more convenient than clay tablets (less breakable, and not as heavy). People made papyrus in small sheets and then glued the sheets together to make big pieces. ACTA DIURNA IN ROME (130 BC)\ - Acta, (Latin: "things that have been done") in acient Rome, minutes of official business (Acta senatus) and a gazette of political and social events (Acta diurnal). The Acta diurna ( also called Acta populi, or Acta publica), said to date from before 59BCE, recorded official business and matters of public interest. Under the empire (after 27 BCE) DIBAO IN CHINA (2ND CENTURY)\ - The Chinese Dibao is the earliest and oldest newspaper in the world. During West Han time, Han government carried out the "Jun Xian Zhi", the eparch and country system which is helpful in concentrating the central power. CODEX IN THE MAYAN REGION (5TH CENTURY) \- The Mayan develop their huun-paper around fifth century, the same era that Romans did, but their bark paper was more durable and a better writing surface than papyrus. The codices have been named for the cities in which they eventually settled PRINTING PRESS USING WOOD BLOCKS (220 AD)\ - Ukiyo-e is the best known type of Japanese woodblock art print. Most Europeans uses of the technique for printing images on paper are covered by the art term woodcut, except for the block-books produced mainly in the 15th century. INDUSTRIAL AGE (1700s-1930s) \- People used the power of steam, developed machine tools, established iron production, and the manufacturing of various products (including books through the printing press). Example: PRINTING PRESS FOR MASS PRODUCTION (19TH CENTURY) -Johannes Gutenberg is usually cited as the inventor of the printing press. Indeed, the German goldsmith\'s 15th-century contribution to the technology was revolutionary --- enabling the mass production of books and the rapid dissemination of knowledge throughout Europe. NEWSPAPER- THE LONDON GAZETTE (1640)\ - A newspaper is a periodical publication containing written information about current events and is often typed in black ink with a white or gray background. FIRST NEWS PAPER\ - Johann Carolus (1575−1634) was a German publisher of the first newspaper, called Relation aller Fürnemmen und gedenckwürdigen Historien (Account of all distinguished and commemorable news). The Relation is recognised by the World Association of Newspapers,\[1\] as well as many authors,\[2\] as the world\'s first newspaper. TYPEWRITER (1800)\ - A typewriter is a mechanical or electromechanical machine for writing characters similar to those produced by printer\'s movable type. Typically, a typewriter has an array of keys, and pressing one causes a different single character to be produced on the paper, by causing a ribbon with dried ink to be struck against the paper by a type element similar to the sorts used in movable type letterpress printing.  TELEPHONE (1876)\ - Alexander Graham Bell was awarded the first U.S. patent for the invention of the telephone in 1876. Elisha Gray,1876, designed a telephone using a water microphone in Highland Park, Illinois. Tivadar Puskás proposed the telephone switchboard exchange in 1876. A close-up of a machine Description automatically generated  MOTION PICTURE PHOTOGRAPHY/PROJECTION (1890)  COMMERCIAL MOTION PICTURES (1913) MOTION PICTURE WITH SOUND (1926)\ - A sound film is a motion picture with synchronized sound, or sound technologically coupled to image, as opposed to a silent film. The first known public exhibition of projected sound films took place in Paris in 1900, but it would be decades before reliable synchronization was made commercially practical. TELEGRAPH\ - Telegraphy is the long-distance transmission of textual messages where the sender uses symbolic codes, known to the recipient, rather than a physical exchange of an object bearing the message. Thus flag semaphore is a method of telegraphy, whereas pigeon post is not. Samuel Morse and Alfred Vail sent the first telegram using Morse code, and the first in America, on January 11, 1838 in Morristown, New Jersey from the Speedwell Ironworks. It was the beginning of a revolution in communications, as soon there were lines linking all the major cities on the East Coast. By 1861, the telegraph connected the West Coast to the East Coast, bringing an end to the Pony Express. PUNCH CARDS\ - A punched card or punch card is a piece of stiff paper that can be used to contain digital data represented by the presence or absence of holes in predefined positions. Digital data can be used for data processing applications or, in earlier examples, used to directly control automated machinery. Punched cards were widely used through much of the 20th century in the data processing industry, where specialized and increasingly complex unit record machines, organized into semiautomatic data processing systems, used punched cards for data input, output, and storage.  Many early digital computers used punched cards, often prepared using keypunch machines, as the primary medium for input of both computer programs and data. ELECTRONIC AGE (1930S-1980S)\ - The invention of the transistor ushered in the electronic age. People harnessed the power of transistors that led to the transistor radio, electronic circuits, and the early computers. In this age, long distance communication became more efficient. TRANSISTOR RADIO \- A transistor radio is a small portable radio receiver that uses transistor-based circuitry. Following their development in 1954, made possible by the invention of the transistor in 1947, they became the most popular electronic communication device in history, with billions manufactured during the 1960s and 1970s. TELEVISION (1941) \- Television became available in crude experimental forms in the late 1920s, but it would still be several years before the new technology would be marketed to consumers. John Logie Baird FREE (14 August 1888 \-- 14 June 1946) was a Scottish scientist, engineer, innovator and inventor of the world\'s first television; the first publicly demonstrated colour television system; and the first purely electronic colour television picture tube. LARGE ELECTRONIC COMPUTER EDSAC (1949) UNIVAC 1 (1951)  ELECTRONIC DELAY STORAGE UNIVERSAL AUTOMATIC COMPUTER AUTOMATIC CALCULATOR  MAINFRAME COMPUTERS PERSONAL COMPUTERS HEWLETT-PACKARD 9100A (1968) APPLE 1 (1976) LCD PROJECTOR OHP INFORMATION AGE (1900S-2000S)\ - The Internet paved the way for faster communication and the creation of the social network. People advanced the use of microelectronics with the invention of personal computers, mobile devices, and wearable technology. Moreover, voice, image, sound and data are digitalized. We are now living in the information age. WEB BROWSERS MOSAIC (1993) INTERNET EXPLORER (1995) BLOGS BLOGSPOT (1999) LIVEJOURNAL (1999) WORDPRESS (2003) FRIENDSTER (2002). SOCIAL MEDIA SEARCH ENGINES GOOGLE (1996) YAHOO (1995) PORTABLE COMPUTERS- LAPTOPS (1980) CLOUD AND BIG DATA\ - extremely large data sets that may be analyzed computationally to reveal patterns, trends, and associations, especially relating to human behavior and interactions. the practice of using a network of remote servers hosted on the Internet to store, manage, and process data, rather than a local server or a personal computer.