Cell Biology Lesson-2 PDF

cell... Cell Organelles & Membranes CELLS  Cells Vary in size: Largest – nerve cell that run down from the neck of a giraffe (3m or more) Smallest – mycoplasma (bacteria) about 0.001μm  Cells Vary in shape: -rod-like (ex. Bacteria E.coli) -Slipper shape...

cell... Cell Organelles & Membranes CELLS  Cells Vary in size: Largest – nerve cell that run down from the neck of a giraffe (3m or more) Smallest – mycoplasma (bacteria) about 0.001μm  Cells Vary in shape: -rod-like (ex. Bacteria E.coli) -Slipper shape – protozoan -Irregular – amoeba -Box/cube – plant cells -Flat –skin cells -Long and thin – muscle cells -Elongated with tentacles – nerve cells  Cell Theory All living things are composed of one or more cells. Chemical reactions of living cells take place within the cells.  Cell Theory All cells originate from pre-existing cells. Cells contain hereditary information, which is passed on from one generation to another. TWO BASIC TYPES OF CELLS PROKARYOTIC Bacteria Archaea TWO BASIC TYPES OF CELLS EUKARYOTIC Protist Fungi Plant Animal TWO BASIC TYPES OF CELLS PROKARYOTIC EUKARYOTIC Protist Bacteria Fungi Plant Archaea Animal Eukaryotic… Place me where I belong… PLANTS ANIMALS BOTH DIVISION OF A CELL STRUCTURE: Nucleus Cytoplasm DIVISION OF A CELL STRUCTURE: Nucleus Serves as the information center of the cell. Allows passage of substance into and outside the cell. DIVISION OF A CELL STRUCTURE: Cytoplasm Consists of all of the contents outside of the nucleus and enclosed within the cell membrane of a cell. Components of Cytoplasm: Cytosol Organelles CYTOSKELETON A highly structured network of proteinaceous filaments responsible for the maintenance and over-all cell shape and facilitation of cell movements. DIVISION OF A CELL STRUCTURE: Plasma Membrane – boundary between the outside and inside environments. It ismade up of lipids and proteins. DIVISION OF A CELL STRUCTURE: Cell Wall – Most commonly found in plant cells & bacteria Supports & protects cells Organelles found in the cytoplasm: Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) – serves as a passage way for substance outside the cell. Network of tiny canals through the cell. Endoplasmic Reticulum Organelles found in the cytoplasm: Ribosomes -dot-like structures or spherical in shape located at the side of RER. -site for protein synthesis Organelles found in the cytoplasm: Mitochondria Called as the Power House of the cell because they are site of respiration and production of ATP Have its own DNA, all your mitochondria come from your mother (very few from the sperm) Organelles found in the cytoplasm: Golgi Apparatus  organelles to which the synthesized protein are transported and temporarily stored.  they represent the packaging stations and are particularly abundant in cells produce proteins to be secreted. Organelles found in the cytoplasm: Vacuoles  Serves as food and water storage.  Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal  Contains water solution  Help plants maintain shape Organelles found in the cytoplasm: Lysosomes Also known as Suicidal Bags of the cells, because once filled with secretion, it will burst and it will deliberate the secretion stored. Transports undigested material to cell membrane for removal. Organelles found in the cytoplasm: Chloroplast Usually found in plant cells Contains green chlorophyll Where photosynthesis takes place Review of Eukaryotic Cells Review of Eukaryotic Cells Review of Eukaryotic Cells Place me where I belong… BOTH PLANTS Nucleus ANIMALS Cell Wall Cytoplasm Lysosomes Chloroplasts Plasma Membrane SER RER Ribosomes Mitochondria Golgi Apparatus Vacuoles  The end… Thank you!