Introduction to Graphic Communication PDF

INTRODUCTION TO GRAPHIC COMMUNICATION  1.1 Drawing A drawing is a graphic representation of an object, or a part of it, and is the result of creative thought by an engineer or technician. Graphic communication involves using visual materials to relate ideas. Drawings, photo...

INTRODUCTION TO GRAPHIC COMMUNICATION  1.1 Drawing A drawing is a graphic representation of an object, or a part of it, and is the result of creative thought by an engineer or technician. Graphic communication involves using visual materials to relate ideas. Drawings, photographs, slides, transparencies, and sketches are all forms of graphic communication. Any medium that uses a graphic image to aid in conveying a message, instructions, or an idea is involved in graphic communication. There are two basic types of drawings: Artistic and Technical drawings.  1.1.1 Artistic Drawings Artistic Drawings range in scope from the simplest line drawing to the most famous paintings. Regardless of their complexity, artistic drawings are used to express the feelings, beliefs, philosophies, and ideas of the artist. In order to understand an artistic drawing, it is sometimes necessary to first understand the artist.  1.1.2 Technical Drawings The technical drawing, on the other hand, is not subtle, or abstract. It does not require an understanding of its creator, only an understanding of technical drawings. A technical drawing is a means of clearly and concisely communicating all of the information necessary to transform an idea or a concept in to reality. Therefore, a technical drawing often contains more than just a graphic representation of its subject. It also contains dimensions, notes and specifications.  A. Types of Technical Drawings Technical drawings are based on the fundamental principles of projections. A projection is a drawing or representation of an entity on an imaginary plane or planes. This projection planes serves the same purpose in technical drawing as is served by the movie screen. A projection involves four components: 1. The actual object that the drawing or projection represents 2. The eye of the viewer looking at the object 3. The imaginary projection plane 4. Imaginary lines of sight called Projectors  A. Types of Technical Drawings The two broad types of projections, both with several subclassifications, are parallel projection and perspective projection.  Parallel Projection Parallel Projection is a type of projection where the line of sight or projectors are parallel and are perpendicular to the picture planes. It is subdivided in to the following three categories: Orthographic, Oblique and Axonometric Projections. Orthographic projections: are drawn as multi view drawings, which show flat representations of principal views of the subject. Oblique Projections: actually show the full size of one view. Axonometric Projections: are three-dimensional drawings, and are of three different varieties: Isometric, Dimetric and Trimetric. Orthographic multi view drawing Oblique drawing Oblique drawing Axonometric drawing  Perspective Projection Perspective projections are drawings which attempt to replicate what the human eye actually sees when it views an object. There are three types of perspective projections: One-point, Two-point and Three-point Projections.  Purpose of Technical Drawings Any product that is to be manufactured, fabricated, assembled, constructed, built, or subjected to any other types of conversion process must first be designed. For example, a house must be designed before it can be built.  Application of Technical Drawing Technical drawings are used in many different applications. They are needed in any setting, which involves design, and in any subsequent forms of conversion process. The most common applications of technical drawings can be found in the fields of manufacturing, engineering and construction.