Lesson 1 - First Aid in Sports.pdf

FIRST AID FOR SPORTS RELATED INJURIES CREATED BY: MRS. SHIELLA MAE UBIÑA MAPEH TEACHER INTRODUCTION Sports Injuries and its related First Aid The set of people who live with and through pain are sportspersons. Athletes, gymnasts, swimmers and...

FIRST AID FOR SPORTS RELATED INJURIES CREATED BY: MRS. SHIELLA MAE UBIÑA MAPEH TEACHER INTRODUCTION Sports Injuries and its related First Aid The set of people who live with and through pain are sportspersons. Athletes, gymnasts, swimmers and boxers are some who are regular with injuries and so on They are also very familiar with pain killers and relief medicines. There is always a first aid team who assists when a player is injured. Behind the scenes there is always an ambulance transport service on the spot that can be used for transits to the hospital in case of an emergency or non emergency issue. There are basic first aid procedures for handling different types of sports injuries. Also such injuries can be avoided if the athlete trains his body and take it to an extent. INTRODUCTION Sports Injuries and its related First Aid Sports injuries occur during exercise or while participating in a sport. Children are particularly at risk for these types of injuries, but adults can get them, too. You’re at risk for sports injuries if you: haven’t been regularly active don’t warm up properly before exercise play contact sports Common Sport-related Injuries Sprains Overstretching or tearing the ligaments results in a sprain. Ligaments are pieces of tissue that connect two bones to one another in a joint. Common Sport-related Injuries Strains Overstretching or tearing muscles or tendons results in a sprain. Tendons are thick, fibrous cords of tissue that connect bone to muscle. Strains are commonly mistaken for sprains.  The symptoms of a sprain and a strain are very similar. That’s because the injuries themselves are very similar. It’s no wonder the two conditions are frequently confused. The main difference is that with a sprain you may have bruising around the affected joint, whereas with a strain, you may have spasms in the affected muscle. Common symptoms of sprains Common symptoms of strains bruising muscle spasm pain around the affected joint pain around the affected joint swelling swelling limited flexibility limited flexibility difficulty using the joint’s full range of difficulty using the joint’s full range of motion motion Common Sport-related Injuries Knee injuries Any injury that interferes with how the knee joint moves could be a sports injury. It could range from an overstretch to a tear in the muscles or tissues in the knee. Common Sport-related Injuries Achilles tendon rupture. The Achilles tendon is a thin, powerful tendon at the back of your ankle. During sports, this tendon can break or rupture. When it does, you may experience sudden, severe pain and difficulty walking. Common Sport-related Injuries Fractures and Dislocations Bone Fractures are also known as broken bones. Sports injuries may dislocate a bone in your body. When that happens, a bone is forced out of its socket. This can be painful and lead to swelling and weakness. Common Sport-related Injuries Rotator cuff injury Four pieces of muscle work together to form the rotator cuff. The rotator cuff keeps your shoulder moving in all directions. A tear in any of these muscles can weaken the rotator cuff. Common Sport-related Injuries Rotator cuff injury Four pieces of muscle work together to form the rotator cuff. The rotator cuff keeps your shoulder moving in all directions. A tear in any of these muscles can weaken the rotator cuff. Sports Injuries Treatment The RICE method is a common treatment regimen for sport s injuries. It stands for: Rest Ice Compression Elevation This treatment method is helpful for mild sports injuries. For best results, follow the RICE method within the first 24 to 36 hours after the injury. It can help reduce swelling and prevent additional pain and bruising in the early days after a sports injury. Rest Resting is one of the most effective ways to start your healing process. Your injured muscle will be weak and vulnerable to further injury, especially in the first few hours. Take a break from moving it to help it heal. Ice The benefits of applying ice are greatest within the first day or two after sustaining an injury. Apply a bag of crushed ice, a bag of frozen veggies, or an ice pack to your injury. It will help relieve pain and prevent swelling by decreasing blood flow to the area. To avoid frostbite, never place the ice directly on your bare skin. Instead, wrap it in a thin cloth or towel before applying it to the injured area. Apply ice for 15 to 20 minutes at a time, and allow your skin to return to normal temperature in between icing. Compress An elastic bandage wrapped firmly around your injury can help minimize swelling by preventing the buildup of fluid. It can also help ease pain by keeping the injured area some what immobilized. The bandage may not be enough to immobilize the injured area entirely, but it will provide some support and remind you to keep it still. If the bandage causes tingling or numbness, remove it and rewrap it more loosely. It shouldn’t be so tight that it causes discomfort or interferes with your blood flow. Even gentle compression can help keep fluid from collecting around the injury. Compress Elevate Elevating an injury above the level of your heart will helping minimize swelling by allowing fluid to drain away from the area If you can’t raise it above your heart, try to keep the injured area at the same level as your heart or close to it. If you suffered an injury to your buttocks or hips, try lying down with a pillow or two wedged under your buttocks and lower back to help lift it. Other Sport-related Problem HEAT CRAMPS Heat cramps are painful, involuntary muscle spasms that usually occur during heavy exercise in hot environments. The spasms may be more intense and more prolonged than are typical night time leg cramps. Fluid and electrolyte loss often contribute to heat cramps. Muscles most often affected include those of your calves, arms, abdominal wall and back, although heat cramps may involve any muscle group involved in exercise. HEAT CRAMPS If you suspect heat cramps Rest briefly and cool down Drink clear juice or an electrolyte-containing sports drink Practice gentle, range-of-motion stretching and gentle massage of the affected muscle group Don't resume strenuous activity for several hours or longer after heat cramps go away Call your doctor if your cramps don't go away within one hour or so Other Sport-related Problem HEAT EXHAUSTION Heat exhaustion is one of the heat-related syndromes. Symptoms range in severity from mild heat cramps to heat exhaustion to potentially life-threatening heatstroke. Heat exhaustion can begin suddenly or over time, usually after working or playing in the heat, perspiring heavily, or being dehydrated. HEAT EXHAUSTION If you suspect heat cramps Signs and symptoms include: Cool, moist skin with goose bump Low blood pressure upon standing s when in the heat Muscle cramps Heavy sweating Nausea Faintness Headache Dizziness Fatigue Weak, rapid pulse HEAT EXHAUSTION Untreated, heat exhaustion can lead to heatstroke, which is a life-threatening condition. If you suspect heat exhaus tion, take these steps immediately: 1. Move the person out of the heat and into a shady or air-conditioned pl ace. 2. Lay the person down and elevate the legs and feet slightly. 3. Remove tight or heavy clothing. HEAT EXHAUSTION Untreated, heat exhaustion can lead to heatstroke, which is a life-threatening condition. If you suspect heat exhaus tion, take these steps immediately: 4. Have the person drink cool water or other nonalcoholic beverage with out caffeine. 5. Cool the person by spraying or sponging with cool water and fanning. 6. Monitor the person carefully. 7. Contact a doctor if signs or symptoms worsen or if they don't improve within one hour. Other Sport-related Problem FAINTING Fainting occurs when your brain temporarily doesn't receive enough blood supply, causing you to lose consciousness. This loss of consciousness is usually brief. FAINTING If you feel faint Lie down or sit down. To reduce the chance of fainting again, don't get up too quickly. Place your head between your knees if you sit down. FAINTING If someone else faints Position the person on his or her back. If there are no injuries and the person is breathing, raise the person's legs above heart level — about 12 inches (30 centimeters) — if possible. Loosen belts, collars or other constrictive clothing. To reduce the chance of fainting again, don't get the person up too quickly. If the person doesn't regain consciousness within one minute, call your local emergency number. FAINTING If someone else faints Check for breathing. If the person isn't breathing, begin CPR. Call your local emergency number. Continue CPR un til help arrives or the person begins to breathe. If the person was injured in a fall associated with a faint, treat bumps, bruises or cuts appropriately. Control bleeding with direct pressure. THANK YOU! REFERENCES https://www.slideshare.net/ambulanceoncall/sports-injuries-and-its-related-first -aid?qid=1041a7d4-5206-445b-882b-b1d280a59be2&v=&b=&from_search=1 4 https://www.healthline.com/health/sports-injuries https://www.healthline.com/health/sprain-vs-strain https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-heat-cramps/basics/art-20056669 https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-heat-exhaustion/basics/art-200566 51 https://images.app.goo.gl/QKpjjL3VMitEz6ME6