Lesson 1 - Defining the Self & Developmental Perspectives of Self & Identity PDF

Lesson 1 – Defining the Self and Developmental Perspectives of Self and Identity PRESENTED BY MRS SOLEDAD ARELLANO TAMBAOAN, LPT, MAED, CHRA OBJECTIVES At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:  Explain why it is essential to understand the self;  Describe a...

Lesson 1 – Defining the Self and Developmental Perspectives of Self and Identity PRESENTED BY MRS SOLEDAD ARELLANO TAMBAOAN, LPT, MAED, CHRA OBJECTIVES At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:  Explain why it is essential to understand the self;  Describe and discuss the different notions of the self from the points-of-view of the various philosophers across time and place;  Compare and contrast how the self has been represented in different philosophical schools;  Examine one’s self against the different views of self that were discussed in class. GE005 - UNDERSTANDING THE SELF 2  Ako ay may pangalan Ako ay may pangalan Pangalang maganda Ito ay bigay sa akin ng ating Diyos Ama ___________, ___________ ang tawag sa bahay ___________, ___________ ako sa eskwela. GE005 - UNDERSTANDING THE SELF 3 KEY POINTS  Our name is the first GIFT we received from our parents.  It can be a blessing or a curse.  Our names represent who we are.  It is our destiny to name creation and be a co- creator with God.  Naming is a very powerful act.  Death cannot even stop this bond between the person and his/her name. Names are even inscribed on one’s gravestone. GE005 - UNDERSTANDING THE SELF 4 INTRODUCTION  A name is not the person himself no matter how intimately bound it is with the bearer.  A person who is named after a saint most probably will not become an actual saint.  The self is thought to be something that a person perennially molds, shapes, and develops. It is not a static thing that one is simply born with like a mole on one’s face or is just assigned by one’s parents just like a name. GE005 - UNDERSTANDING THE SELF 5 ACTIVITY - THREE TRUTHS AND A LIE  The students will be given time for self- discovery. They will choose four characteristics about themselves – three which are truths, and one, which is a lie about themselves. They will choose a partner and give his/her three truths and a lie. The object is to decipher the lie in the statement. Once deciphered, the student will move on to the next student. The student with the most number of correct guesses, wins. GE005 - UNDERSTANDING THE SELF 6 PHILOSOPHICAL VIEW OF SELF  Socrates: Know Yourself. Socrates is principally concerned with man. He considers man from the point of view of his inner life. The famous line of Socrates, “Know yourself”, tells each man to bring his inner self to light. A bad man is not virtuous through ignorance; the man who does not follow the good fails to do so because he does not recognize it. GE005 - UNDERSTANDING THE SELF 7 PHILOSOPHICAL VIEW OF SELF  Plato: The Ideal Self, the Perfect Self. According to Plato, man was omniscient or all-knowing before he came to born in this world. With his separation from the paradise of truth and knowledge and his long exile on earth, he forgot most of the knowledge he had. However, by constant remembering through contemplation and doing good, he can regain his former perfection. GE005 - UNDERSTANDING THE SELF 8 PHILOSOPHICAL VIEW OF SELF  Augustine: Like the plants and animals, passes through a predictable sequence of phases in his life Following the ancient view of Plato and infusing it with the newfound doctrine of Christianity, Augustine agreed that man is of a bifurcated nature. An aspect of man dwells in the world and is imperfect and continuously yearns to be with the Divine and the other is capable of reaching immortality. GE005 - UNDERSTANDING THE SELF 9 PHILOSOPHICAL VIEW OF SELF  Thomas Aquinas: Man’s body is part of the matter. What makes a human person a human person and not a dog, or a tiger, is his soul. The soul is what animates the body; it is what makes us human. GE005 - UNDERSTANDING THE SELF 10 PHILOSOPHICAL VIEW OF SELF  Immanuel Kant: Respect for Self Man is the only creature who governs and directs himself and his actions, who set up ends for himself and his purpose, and who freely orders means for the attainment of his aims. Every man is thus an in himself and should never be treated merely as a means-as per order of the Creator and the natural order of things. GE005 - UNDERSTANDING THE SELF 11 PHILOSOPHICAL VIEW OF SELF  Rene Descartes: “I think, Therefore I am” Descartes states that the self is a thinking entity distinct from the body. His first famous principle was “Cognito, ergo sum,” which means “I think therefore I am”. Although the mind and body are independent from each other and serve their own function, man must use his own mind and thinking abilities to investigate, analyze, experiment, and develop himself. GE005 - UNDERSTANDING THE SELF 12 PHILOSOPHICAL VIEW OF SELF  John Locke: Personality Identity Personality identity is the concept about oneself that evolves over the course of an individual’s life that man has no control over, such as where he grew up or the color of his skin, as well as the choices he lakes, life how he spends his time and what he believes. GE005 - UNDERSTANDING THE SELF 13 PHILOSOPHICAL VIEW OF SELF  David Hume: The Self is the Bundle Theory of Mind Hume is skeptical about the existence of the self, specifically. On whether there is a simple, unified self that exists over time. For him, man has no “clear and intelligible” idea of the self. He persists that no single impression of the self exists; rather, the self is just the thing to which all perceptions of a man is ascribed. Moreover, even if there were such an impression of the self, would have to remain constant overtime to constitute identity. GE005 - UNDERSTANDING THE SELF 14  PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT BY SIGMUND FREUD Stage Age range What happen at this stage? Oral Stage 0-1 year old Children derive from oral activities, including sucking and tasting. they like to put things in their mouth Anal Stage 2-3 years old Children begin potty training Phallic Stage 3-6 years old Boys are more attached to their mother, while girls are more attached to their father. Latency Stage 6 years to puberty Children spend more time and interact mostly with same sex. Genital Stage Beyond Puberty Individuals are attracted to opposite sex peers. GE005 - UNDERSTANDING THE SELF 15  PSYCHOSOCIAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT BY ERIK ERIKSON  For Erikson (1958, 1963), these crises are psychosocial because they involve the psychological needs of the individual (i.e., psycho) conflicting with the needs of society (i.e., social).  According to the theory, successful completion of each stage results in a healthy personality and the acquisition of basic virtues. Basic virtues are characteristic strengths that the ego can use to resolve subsequent crises.  Failure to complete a stage can result in a reduced ability to complete further stages and, therefore, a more unhealthy personality and sense of self. These stages, however, can be resolved successfully at a later time. GE005 - UNDERSTANDING THE SELF 16 PSYCHOSOCIAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT BY ERIK ERIKSON GE005 - UNDERSTANDING THE SELF 17