Lesson 1 Backyard Duck Raising and Marketing PDF

ESC 6 : Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan with Entrepreneurship (EPP with Entrep) CHAPTER 2: AGRICULTURAL ARTS EVANGELINE R. GABRIEL, Ed.D. Associate Professor 3 President Ramon Magsaysay State University College of Te...

ESC 6 : Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan with Entrepreneurship (EPP with Entrep) CHAPTER 2: AGRICULTURAL ARTS EVANGELINE R. GABRIEL, Ed.D. Associate Professor 3 President Ramon Magsaysay State University College of Teacher Education 1st Semester, A. Y. 2024 - 2025 RAISING ANIMALS FOR FOOD PRODUCTION LESSON 1: Backyard Duck Raising and Marketing  Introduction Animal raising is another way of earning income for the family. While poultry is more commonly associated with raising chickens for meat and egg production, duck raising is also becoming more popular nowadays. Duck are raised for many economic uses: meat, fresh eggs, balut, penoy, salted, and feathers. They are also kept and bred by aviculturists, or people who keep and raise birds. They are also displayed in zoos. Duck is the common name for a large number of species in the waterfowl family Anatidae, which also includes swans and geese. They are mostly aquatic birds, smaller than the swans and geese, and live in both fresh water and sea water. Male ducks are called drakes, females are called hens, and babies are ducklings. Ducks could be raised free range, in cages, in barns, or in batteries. Although they like water where they could swim, they do not depend on it to survive.  Specific Objectives enumerate the advantages of raising ducks; discuss important characteristics of ducks for a successful duck raising; explain the brooding, housing, and other essential needs of ducks; cite important pointers in successful duck raising; plan a small backyard duck raising project; and demonstrate the care needed before marketing duck eggs.  Advantages of Duck Raising Housing facilities of ducks are simpler, cheaper, non-elaborate, and utilizes less space compared to chickens. Ducks are hardly and need minimal care allowing you to do other things. Ducks easily adopt themselves to all types of environment. Ducks lay their eggs in the morning or at night, so you can be sure of fresh eggs for breakfast Ducks have shorter brooding time compared to chickens and grow fast. Ducks are resistant to common avian diseases. Ducks feed on a variety of foods like corn, cassava, rice, fruits, algae, aquatic weeds, green legumes, earthworms, snails, and insects, which makes feeding cost cheaper. Ducks have lower mortality rate, usually live longer than chickens, and lay eggs for a longer period. There is a high demand for duck meats and eggs. It provides additional income to the family  Duck Raising Tools and Equipment Feeder. A feeder is used in feeding the ducks. This is where the food is placed for the ducks to feed on it. The number of feeders depend on the number of ducks being raised. Heater or brooder. This is used in regulating the temperature in the duck house. It is the most helpful in keeping the duckling warm during cold weather Incubator. This is an equipment that is used for hatching eggs artificially. This is especially useful for a big number of duck eggs for hatching.  Egg tray. This is where eggs are placed after collecting and cleaning the eggs ready for transporting to the market. Ventilation fan. This is used to ensure maximum ventilation in the duck house. It is also used to reduce the temperature in the duck house during very hot weather. Laying nest. This is where the ducks lay their eggs and it is also used for natural brooding Water pot or drinker. This is used for supplying clean drinking water to the ducks. The ducks also use the water to clean their nostrils as they drink.  Cage or Coop. The ducks are kept in a cage or coop where they can rest, keep warm, and protect them from predators like dogs. Egg scale. This equipment is used in determining the weight of the eggs. This is important in identifying fertile eggs for hatchery and egg size. Egg washer. This is an equipment used in large poultry farms. It is used to wash eggs before they are delivered to customers.  Brooding Ducks Successful duck raising involves knowing about brooding ducks. As soon as the eggs are hatched, the ducklings should be placed in a brooder. The duck brooder should be dry with a soft litter. Corncob and wood shavings are recommended by experienced duck raisers. A 250-watt heat lamp is used to provide heat to the ducklings about 90 degrees Fahrenheit and decreased by 5 degrees every week. If chickens are used to hatch the eggs, then all the necessary steps are done by the hen. Source: https://farmhouseguide.com/must-have-items-for-raising-ducklings/ ; https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/250231323017061772/  Housing Requirements Ducks are more resistant to cold than chickens. They only need a simple house with large ventilation spaces to keep them safe at night and give protection against predators like dogs. These ventilation spaces will also aerate and prevent build-up of unpleasant odor in the duck house. The coop windows could be covered to make the inside warmer especially during cold weather.  Food and Water Water is important to animals specially to ducks. Chickens like to roost while ducks like to dip their bill into water. Ducks also like to swim and preen their feathers in a pool of water. Provide them with some water that is enough for a dip or bath. You can also give your ducks pellets as supplement to what they eat from rummaging around. This is very helpful during rainy days when the ducks cannot go out to find food. Do not feed your ducks with leftover food like bread or rice. This is not the best food for them because they do not contribute a lot to their nutritional needs which may affect their total health. It is best that they are given plants and grass diet.  Egg Production Ducks can lay from 100-300 eggs per year depending on the breed. The following table shows the eggs laying capacity of Pateros and Pekin ducks. Breed Age (Months) Rate of Growth Number of Egg Per Year Pateros ducks 6 months 2 ½ kilograms 250-280 Pekin ducks 6 months 3 ½ kilograms 180-200  Pointers on Duck Raising Pateros ducks are better for egg production because they start they laying eggs when they are about 4-6 months old. Pekin and Muscovy ducks start laying eggs when they are about 6-7 months old. For breeding purposes, provide one male for every five female ducks. Breeders should be healthy, strong, and without physical defects.  Ducklings should be kept in the brooder until they are one month old. The brooding temperature should be as follows: Age (Week) Temperature Week 1 95oF Week 2 80oF Week 3 80oF The proper brooding temperature indicator is the behavior of the ducklings. The ducklings gather together toward the source of the heat when temperature is low and are dispersed or spread evenly when the temperature is just right. If the temperature is too hot, they move away from the source of the heat. Provide a good brooding area of ½ square foot per duckling during the first week. Increase the area by ½ square foot every week until the fourth week. Six weeks old ducklings can already be transferred from the brooder to the growing house and the layers into the laying house at four months old.  Provide your ducks with the right kind of feed as follows: 1 day to 6 weeks old ducklings should be fed with starter mash with 10-21 percent crude protein. 6 weeks to 4 months old ducklings should be fed with growing mash that contains 16 percent crude protein. 4 months old ducks and above should be fed with laying ratio with at least 16 percent crude protein. add 10 grams of chopped green leaves like kangkong, camote, ipil-ipil, and legumes into their food per duck per day. Give at least 10 grams of chopped green leaves per duck per day. You can feed fresh water snails to ducks. It increases their capacity to lay eggs. Provide your ducks plenty of clean fresh water all the time. After two years, start growing another set of ducks to replace your old set of layers. You can sell the old stock for meat. Do not allow ducks to stay under the rain. It could make them sick.  Marketing Duck Eggs Ducks lay eggs at night and early in the morning. Gather the eggs as soon as the layers are released for the early morning feeding. If there are still ducks that are laying, allow them to continue nesting and collect their eggs. later. Removing the eggs as soon as possible prevents or lessens cracks and dirt. Before bringing the eggs to the market, wash dirty ones carefully in warm water after collecting them. Do not use cold water because it will cause the egg contents to contract, drawing dirt and microorganisms through the pores of the shell. You can use knife, soiled paper or towel to clean the eggs.  Use egg baskets or cartons for transporting eggs from one place to another. Choose a tray that can carry 30 eggs at a time. You can sell the eggs by piece, by the dozen, or by the tray (30 eggs per tray). You can make a market survey to determine the selling price of duck eggs in the market. Usually, they are larger in size than chicken eggs and more expensive.  Summary Ducks are raised for may economic uses: meat, fresh eggs, balut, penoy, salted eggs, and feathers. They are also kept and bred by aviculturist or people who keep and raise birds and are also displayed in zoos. Duck is the common name for a large number of species in the waterfowl family Anatidae, which also common includes swans and geese. They are mostly aquatic birds, smaller than the swans and geese, and live in both fresh water and sea water. They could be raised free range, in cages, in barns, or in batteries. Ducks need only a simple house with large ventilation spaces to keep them safe at night and give protection against predators like dogs. These ventilation spaces will also prevent build-up of bad odor in the duck house. The coop windows could be covered to make the inside warmer especially during cold weather.  Chickens like to roost while ducks like to dip their bill into water. Ducks also like to swim and preen their feathers in a pool of water. Provide some water that is enough for a dip or bath. If it is possible, you van bring your ducks to a pond for a swim. Limit their swimming activity to 2 hours daily. More than two hours will make them very tired and eat more feeds. The success of your backyard duck raising project depends on your breeding stock. Buy ducks from reliable duck raisers. The native or Pateros duck is good for egg production while the Peckin duck is good for meat and egg production. Muscovy duck or commonly known as Pato is low in egg production but it can fend for itself better than the Pateros and Pekin ducks. Before marketing the eggs, wash dirty ones carefully in warm water after collecting them. Do not use cold water because it will cause the egg contents to contact, drawing dirt and microorganisms through the pores of the shell. you can also use knife, soiled paper or towel or egg sanitizers.