LESSON-1.pdf

IT11 ©ENGR.MFLORES LESSON 1 Introduction to I...

IT11 ©ENGR.MFLORES LESSON 1 Introduction to ICT ICT – Information and Communication Technology related to technologies that facilitate the transfer of information and various types of electronically mediated communication. ICT DEVELOPMENT INDEX ▪ ICT Development Index (IDI) includes quantitative indicators regarding ICT access, usage, and skills in different regions and countries IT11 ©ENGR.MFLORES  IT11 ©ENGR.MFLORES INFORMATION, COMMUNICATION & TECHNOLOGY ▪ INFORMATION - Refers to the knowledge obtained from reading, investigation, study, or research. ▪ COMMUNICATION - The process of exchanging information of individual through verbal and non-verbal means. ▪ TECHNOLOGY - Refers to methods, systems, and devices which are the result of scientific knowledge being used for practical purposes. HISTORY OF COMPUTING IT11 ©ENGR.MFLORES IT11 ©ENGR.MFLORES  IT11 ©ENGR.MFLORES Computer System A system of interconnected computers that share a central storage system and various peripheral devices. ARCHITECTURE COMPONENTS ▪ HARDWARE Process data by executing instructions and provides input and output ▪ SOFTWARE Performs instructions executed by the system ▪ DATA Fundamental representation of facts and observations ▪ COMMUNICATIONS Sharing data and processing among different systems 2 COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER: HARDWARE - Consists of all machinery equipment in a computer system. SOFTWARE - Also called programs. Consists of all the electronic instructions that tell the computer how to perform a task. These instructions can be made using computer programming. SOFTWARE Software is a set of instructions, data or programs used to operate computers and execute specific tasks Software Classifications: SYSTEM SOFTWARE - These software programs are designed to run a computer's application programs and hardware. System software coordinates the activities and functions of the hardware and software.  IT11 ©ENGR.MFLORES APPLICATION SOFTWARE - The most common type of software, application software is a computer software package that performs a specific function for a user, or in some cases, for another application. An application can be self-contained, or it can be a group of programs that run the application for the user. HARDWARE Describes the physical aspects of a computer. Hardware Classifications: INPUT DEVICES - a term for a physical piece of hardware that connects to a primary device, such as a computer, in order to provide user input. Input devices are generally a class of peripheral devices that connect to the primary device. BLUETOOTH USB PS2  IT11 ©ENGR.MFLORES OUTPUT DEVICES - any piece of computer hardware equipment which converts information into a human-perceptible form or, historically, into a physical machine-readable form for use with other non-computerized equipment. LED (Light Emitting Diode) CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) SYSTEM UNIT - the enclosure composed of the main elements of a computer that are used to administer data. it houses the processor chip (CPU), the memory chips, and the motherboard with power supply, as well as secondary-storage devices.  IT11 ©ENGR.MFLORES INSIDE THE SYSTEM UNIT (CPU, MOBO, & MEMORY) IT11 ©ENGR.MFLORES  IT11 ©ENGR.MFLORES TYPES OF COMPUTERS IT11 ©ENGR.MFLORES