Badminton Lecture Notes PDF

General Information about Badminton Lesson Proper Lesson 1: Brief History of the Game  The earliest form of the game was played in China about 2,000 years ago.  The modern form was derived from India known as “Poona”” which flourished the city of the same name....

General Information about Badminton Lesson Proper Lesson 1: Brief History of the Game  The earliest form of the game was played in China about 2,000 years ago.  The modern form was derived from India known as “Poona”” which flourished the city of the same name.  In England had their own version known as the “Battledore” a game involving a racket or paddle and shuttlecock that was played in 14th century?  The game was played in an hour glass shaped court which remained unchanged until in 1901, which was converted to rectangular shape.  The first National Badminton Association was founded in 1893, which is the English Badminton Association (EBA) followed by the adaption of the rules in 1905. In the same year was the New York Badminton Club exists.  The governing body of badminton is IBF (International Badminton Federation) was established on July 1934.  The Laws of Badminton was published by the IBF on July 01, 1994.  The International Badminton Federation is the body for the international event. The premier International Men’s Team event was the “Thomas” Cup” established in 1984 and for the women’s event was the “Uber Cup” founded in 1956. Lesson 2 Nature of the game Badminton is played as a singles or doubles game with one or two players on a side. The object of the game is to hit the shuttlecock or “bird” back and forth with a racket across a net five feet high at its center. The bird should be hit with such speed and accuracy that the opponent is unable to return the shot successfully. The game can either be fast or slow paced, depending on the skill level of the players. Lesson 3 Recent Development The international Badminton Federation (known as Badminton World Federation) was established in 1934 with Canada, Denmark, England, France, Netherlands, Ireland, New Zealand, Scotland and Wales as its founding members, the BWF now governs international badminton and develops the sport globally. As of 1993, the BWF has grown to 120 national organizations in as many countries. Major IBF sanctioned events are the Men’s World Team Badminton Championship for Thomas Cup, the ladies World Team Championships for Uber Cup. The World Individual Championships; World Mixed Doubles for the Suderman Cup and the World Grand Prix Finals. Currently the best players in the world come from China, Europe, Malaysia, Indonesia and South Korea and Dominate competitions on the international level with China domination in recent years. Indonesian players won both men’s and women’s single at the 1922 Olympic. Indonesia also won four in the five events in the 1994 World Championships. Badminton is presently the numbers one sports in Great Britain. The immediate future for both professional and amateur badminton players appear to be very bright. The Philippines participates in various tournaments and send a badminton team to Asian Games. Badminton is becoming increasingly popular in the Philippines both for seriously and casual recreation. Chapter 9 FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT Lesson Proper 1. Racket – Badminton racket is quite light and can be made of steel, aluminum, graphite or carbon. A synthetic racket is quite popular now because of its extreme lightness and strength. The overall dimension of rackets cannot exceed 26 ¾ inches in length by 9 inches in width and length of the head (the part of the frame holding the string in place) cannot exceed 11 ½ inches. Badminton racket weighs roughly 98-100 grams (3 ½ to 5 ½ oz.). PARTS OF THE RACKET Stringed Area – is extended to hit the shuttle. It is of uniform pattern and does not exceed 280 mm. (11 in.) in length and 220 mm. in width. Head– bounds the stringed area. Throat – connects the shaft to the head. Shaft – connects the handle to the head. Handle – is intended for a player’s grip Frame – includes the head, the throat, the shaft and the handle. It is no more than 680 mm. or wider than 230 mm. 2. Shuttlecock – is the official name given to the shuttle or bird. It is made up of 16 goose feathers and is firmly fixed in a leather covered cork head. It weighs from 4.74-5.50 grams. It may be made of feathers, plastic or nylon. TYPES OF SHUTTLECOCK Feathered Shuttle – consists of 16 goose feathers. Its length is 62-70 mm. It must be fastened firmly with thread or other suitable materials. Cork or Base – shall be 25-28 mm. in diameter, and is rounded on the bottom. 3. Court –courts can also set out doors, competitive badminton is generally played in door where the wind will not affect the shuttle. The official badminton court is 44feet long by 20 ft. wide, while the singles court is 44 feet long by 17 ft. wide. The ceiling height should be 30 feet for official game and 24feet for instructional game. The floor surface have traditionally wood, but many synthetic and plastic court have been developed. 1. The court shall be a rectangle and laid out with lines 40mm wide 2. The line shall be easily distinguishable and preferably be colored white or yellow. 4. Posts – the posts should stand 1.55 m. ( 5 ft., 1 in.) in height from the surface of the court. They must be placed on the doubles sidelines. For singles as well as for doubles, they must also be firm to take the necessary tension when the net is strained across to its full height. There should be no gap between the post and the net through which a shuttle could pass. This can be ensured by the use of hooks down the inside of the ports and a draw-cord along the bottom of the net. 5. Net – At all times, this should be strained tightly so that its height from the floor is 1.524 (5 ft.) long at the post. A measuring rod should be kept by the umpires chair to facilitate regular testing to ensure the net is still and its correct central height and has not sagged. It made of fine cord of dark color and even thickness with a mesh not less than 15mm and not more than 20mm. The length of a badminton net is 20 feet or 6.1 meters. Chapter 10 RULES, REGULATIONS AND TERMINOLOGIES OF THE GAME Lesson Proper  Court and Net – The official court measures 44 feet long by 20 feet wide for doubles game and 44 feet long by 17 feet wide for singles game. There are two service areas on each side of the net, called the short-service line service court bounded by a line running parallel to the net, called the short- service line.  Players – the players are those persons or individual taking part of the game: one player on each side of the court for singles and two for doubles game.  Tossing for Serve - before the game begins a player from each end or side shall “toss for serve”. A coin or a shuttle can be toss to determine the first serve and the receiver. The side winning the toss will have the option to choose from service or receive.  Scoring – the rally point system is used in scoring the badminton game. This means any fault committed by the serving or receiving team gain point. a. Love – designate a score of zero b. Love-all – is called when both opponent’s o teams have a score of zero c. In Side – is called for the serving player or team d. Out Side – is called for the receiving player or team e. Game point – is the point that a server result won for winning the game f. Match point – All double games, as well as singles, a player will win 21 points.  Setting the Score – if the score tied at 20 all, the side that first scored shall have the choice of “setting” or “not setting” the game.  Change of Ends – Players change ends of the court at the beginning of the second game and at the beginning of the third game if the third game is necessary, in the third game, players change ends when either player first reaches in a game 21 point game. If the players forget to change ends as prescribe by the rule, they should do so as soon as the mistake is discovered.   Service  The server and the receiver must stand with both feet inside diagonally opposite service courts.  A serve must be an underhand stroke with shuttle below the server’s waist at the moment of the contact.  The movement of the server’s racket must continue forward after the start of the service until shuttle is contacted.  Faking or feinting is not permitted and such illegal motion is called balk.  The shuttle must pass over the net and land in the receiver’s service court, which includes all lines bounding the court. OFFICIAL AND APPEALS: 1. The Referee is in overall in charge of the tournament or event of which a match forms part. 2. The umpire, where appointed, is in charge of the match, the court and its immediate surrounds. The umpire shall report to the referee. 3. The service judge shall call service fault made by the server should they occur 4. A line judge shall indicate whether a shuttle is ‘in’ or ‘out’ on the line(s) assigned 5. An official’s decision is final on all points of fact for which that official is responsible TERMINOLOGIES:  Backcourt – area of the court between the doubles long service line and the singles long service line.  Baseline – the back boundary line at each end of the court.  Bird – a commonly used name for the shuttlecock.  Block – the process of placing the racket in front of the shuttle so the shuttle simply rebounds into the opponent’s court.  Carry – the momentary, and illegal, holding of the shuttle on the racket during a stroke.  Center line – the line from the baseline to the short service line dividing the court into sides.  Doubles - A match where there is two players on each of the opposing side.  Double hit – an illegal action in which a shuttle is hit twice in succession on the same stroke.  Drive – a fast, low shot that travels parallel to the floor and to the sideline, passing over the net close to the net cord.  Drop shot - a soft, finesse stroke hit with very little speed with passes over the net close to the net to the net cord and falls into the opponent’s forecourt.  Flick – the speeding up of the shuttle with a quick action of the wrist.  IBF – the International Badminton Federation, established in July, 1934; the governing body for badminton worldwide.  Kill - a fast downward shot that usually cannot be returned.  Let – the legitimate cessation of play which allows an exchange or rally to be replayed.  Love, Love-all - A term indicating no score. Used at the beginning of a game and after a game has been set.  Match – The basic contest in the badminton between a opposing side each of 1 or 2 players  Mid-court – The area of the court from the short service line to the doubles long service line.  Player - any person playing badminton.  Point - the smallest unit of scoring can be scored through faults.  Rally - two or more players hitting a shuttle back and forth across the net during practice or play.  Receiver - The player in the court diagonally opposite from the server whom the service will be made.  Server - the player who puts the shuttle into play.  Short service - A service attempt that fails to reach the short service line. A fault.  Singles – A match where there is one player on each of the opposing sides.  Smash - A hard shot hit with an overhead stroke and directed downward sharply; the games chief attacking stroke. Chapter 11 PREPARING YOUR BODY FOR BADMINTON ACTIVITY Lesson Proper LESSON 1 THE WARM-UP ACTIVITIES For any type of sports, it is very important to always warm up before engaging fully into the activity. This is because of the muscle of the body are a lot more elastic and durable when they are gradually heated rather than when they are immediately thrust into intense work. This makes the muscles more resistant to injury. Furthermore, warmed up muscle can react to changes more quickly, such as contracting and relaxing when needed, thus, overall performance of the body is enhanced. Cooper (1990) and Le Beouf (2009) recommends that the first goal is to select and complete a set of exercise that gets your muscles warmed-up and ready for the game. Your warm-up exercises might include the use of some exercise machines. STRETCHING EXERCISES  Stretching Stretching When you playing sports or doing exercises you must do warm up properly. Stretching prepares the body for exercise, increases your range of motion and prevents muscle imbalances that can lead to serious injury. It is also important to cool down after practice to recover your body quickly. Warm up Routine Exercises A. Warm up 1. Jogging in place for 30 sec. 2. High knee jog for 10 sec. 3. Forward and Backward step for 10 sec. 4. Step sideward back and forth 10 sec. B. For safety, follow the stretching guide. * Stretch and hold it for 10 seconds * Don’t bounce while doing stretching * Slowly stretch to the point of tension, and should not feel pain * Focus on your breathing while stretching * Select stretching exercise that work on your muscle groups. C. Dynamic Warm-up It is defined as a series of movement drills performed in a progressive, deliberate sequence from low to moderate intensity. * Marching in place while swinging your arms (20 reps) * Jumping Jacks (10 reps) * Walking jacks (10 reps) * Arm circles and shoulder shrugs (10 reps) * Swinging toe touch (10 reps) * Leg swing (forward and side to side) 10 reps) * Hip Rotation (like stepping over a fence) (10 reps) * Hip circle (like you’re hula hooping) (10 reps) * Bodyweight squats (10 reps Chapter 12 BASIC SKILLS OF BADMINTON Lesson Proper Lesson 1 GRIPPING THE RACKET GRIP– It is a proper or correct way of handling of the racket. TYPES OF GRIP  Forehand Grip (handshake) - hold the racket by the shaft with the non-racket hand, keeping the racket face perpendicular to the court and pointing away the body.  Backhand Grip- Known as the “thumb- up” grip. From the forehand grip, turn the racket slightly to the right, for a right- handed player, and place the thumb along the parallel to the back side of the handle. Lesson 2 FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS STROKE The term stroke and shot are sometimes used interchangeably, but authority in the game use the word stroke to refer striking patterns. TYPE OF STROKE Forehand Stroke - Refer to any shot stuck on the racket side of the body. Underhand Underhand Backhand Stroke – are shot struck on the side away from the racket/left Forehand Backhand side for right-handed, right side for left-handed. Mechanical Action in Forehanded and Backhand Stroke in Badminton. Backswing – involves all movement of the racket away from the target. Hitting Action – includes all forward motion until the racket contacts the shuffle. Follow-Through - involves all movement from control contact until the player is back in a position to wait the opponent’s next shot. Underhand Stroke - When the approaching shuttle is low in front of the player or below net level. Overhand Stroke – Use to return the shuttle with a high trajectory coming from the opponent’s court when the shuttle gets behind you. Sidearm Stroke – if the opponent’s uses a drive (fast low shot with flat trajectory) to hit the shuttle parallel to either sidelines or you reach it at a height between your waist and your shoulder, return it with a sidearm stride. FOOTWORK Foot work includes the stance you assume while waiting for the opponent. Ready Position, -the steps you take in getting into position to stroke the shuttle. Moving into Hitting Position, - the relationship of the feet during the hitting action. Footwork during the Hitting Action - and returning to base before your opponent hits again (footwork during recovery). Moving position of badminton ( footworks step pattern ) Side Step (Chasse) https://youtu.be/3E1Ac8z71M8 This type of step formation can be used to move to any corner of the court, and does allow players to move further and faster, especially towards the net. The next phase is to move the non- dominant foot up behind and slightly closer to the corner, so the back leg is slightly crossed behind the front leg. Then once again move the racket leg forward in the direction of the shuttle, and extend the racket arm out in front of the body. Moving back: If a player wants to move back towards the backhand side then the first stage is to take the dominant foot back towards the corner they want to move to. The next stage is to bring the non-dominant foot back and behind the dominant, so that the non-dominant foot is closest to the net and the side that they are traveling. The dominant foot should then take another step back towards the corner and because players can travel further with each step this should take them into the corner, so no extra steps have to be made. Lunge https://youtu.be/Q2TVTvMixis The lunge is frequently used in badminton. For the purpose of the drill start in the ready position and then stretch the racket foot out. Making sure that the heel touches the floor first place the racket foot on the ground, then move to the toes. Bend the knee of the racket foot taking care to keep the shoulders back and balanced above the hips. Use the non- racket arm behind the body to balance the move. During game play the player may need to incorporate a sidestep or a Cross - Over Step to move across the court. Scissor kick Part 1https://youtu.be/WnbUuke_yz8 Part 2 https://youtu.be/K8tVISxjBrw This type of step formation can be used to deliver a powerful shot from the back of the court. In this shot the legs switch position in mid-air resembling the closing and then opening of scissors. It is often preceded by a chasses step, so the player will find they are still moving backwards when the jump is started. Stage one is to jump straight off the ground, then swap your dominant foot with your non dominant foot in mid-air with the non-dominant foot landing momentarily before the other. Lesson 3 Service  The server and the receiver must stand with both feet inside diagonally opposite service courts.  A serve must be an underhand stroke with shuttle below the server’s waist at the moment of the contact.  The movement of the server’s racket must continue forward after the start of the service until shuttle is contacted.  Faking or feinting is not permitted and such illegal motion is called balk.  The shuttle must pass over the net and land in the receiver’s service court, which includes all lines bounding the court. Chapter 13 BADMINTON DRILLS Lesson Proper Suggested Badminton Drills Here are some badminton drills that you can practice on to improve your game Shadow Badminton This is to practice the correct movement and technique without actually hitting a shuttle. Get a partner to help direct you to the areas of the court, making sure that you cover the backcourt, midcourt, and the frontcourt with both your forehand and backhand. Commit fully during this practice as you would in any competition. Imagine that you are playing against a world class player. It will definitely improve your movement on court and fitness. Wall Rally Drill Take an old shuttle and hit it against the wall. Hit the shuttle with your forehand and backhand, straight or diagonal. It can be used for practicing almost every stroke. It is a good way to improve footwork, strengthen the arm and wrist muscles used in badminton. The wall should be at least 20 feet high to accommodate clears. The practice will be more effective if you can show the height of the net with a chalk line or a string, 5 feet above the ground. As the shuttle rebounds so fast from the wall, your wrist will naturally come into play. You will learn how to switch grips at an instance as well. You will be amazed on your improved reflexes the next time you step on court. Hitting a shuttle against a wall is an effective practice at all levels of plays. Multiple Shuttles - Overhead Strokes The more shuttles you have, the better for this routine. The feeder plays the shuttles into different areas of your backcourt. You will then use your forehand, backhand or around the head to play the clears, drop shots or smashes. Return to your base position after each shot. This badminton drill is meant to improve your speed and accuracy in executing overhead strokes. You have to remember that merely reaching the shuttles is not enough. You have to play quality shots to the other side. Multiple shuttles - Net Play Again, you will need a lot of shuttles for this routine. The feeder throws the shuttles to your net area. You will then decide whether to play a net shot, a net kill or a net lift with your forehand or backhand. Return to your base position after each shot. This badminton drill is meant to improve your net play and your movement on court. The quality of your return is important. Pay attention to it or this practice will not be effective.