Lecture 24 Upper Limb Muscles PDF

Lecture 24 Muscle of the upper limb part 2 Introduced by Dr Moustafa Magar PhD and Assistant Professor of Anatomy & EmbryologyFaculty of Dentistry- Petra University-Jordan & Faculty of Medicine-Al-Azhar University-Egypt Regions will be discussed Posterior view 12. back of wrist/ carps 10. front of...

Lecture 24 Muscle of the upper limb part 2 Introduced by Dr Moustafa Magar PhD and Assistant Professor of Anatomy & EmbryologyFaculty of Dentistry- Petra University-Jordan & Faculty of Medicine-Al-Azhar University-Egypt Regions will be discussed Posterior view 12. back of wrist/ carps 10. front of forearm 11. Back of forearm 14. Palm 15. Dorsum 16. fingers 11. front of wrist/ carps Glossary ; naming forearm muscle Flexor= produce flexion Extensor= produce extension Pronator= produce pronation Supinator= produce supination Carpi= act on wrist Ulnaris= produce adduction on wrist Redials = produce abduction on wrist Digitorum= fingers Pollicis= thumb Indices= index finger Digiti minimi= little finger Do not be disturbed by the names - the Latin nomenclature simply describes the function of the muscles. It might help you to repeat these names several times until you become familiar with them: anatomy is after all only like learning another 'language'! Muscle of the front of the forearm; flexor and pronator They are 8 muscles arranged in 3 layer ❑ 1. 2. 3. 4. Superficial (first) layer Pronator teres Flexor carpi radialis (FCR) Palmaris longus Flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) ❑ Intermediate (second) layer: 5. Flexor digitorum superfcialis ❑ Deep (third) layer 6. Flexor digitorum profundus 7. Flexor pollicis longus 8. Pronator quadratus Action of muscles of front of the forearm grouped together are: 1 2 3 6 5 4 7 Palmer aponeurosis 8 flexion of the wrist and digits Pronation of the forearm Action of individual muscle is indicated by its name Muscle of the back of the forearm; extensor and supinator They are 12 muscles arranged in 2 layer ❑ Superficial layer 1. ❑ Deep layer 1 2 Brachioradialis 7 2. Extensor carpi radialis longus 3. Extensor carpi radialis brevis 4. Extensor digitorum 5. Extensor digiti minimi 6. Extensor carpi ulnaris 7. Anconeus 5 8. Supinator 3 8 9. Abductor pollicis longus 4 6 ❑ Action of muscles of back of the forearm grouped together are: 10. Extensor pollicis brevis 9 11. Extensor pollicis longus 12. Extensor indicis 12 10 11 Extension of the wrist and digits Supination of the forearm Action of individual muscle is indicated by its name Action of muscles of forearm ❑ Abduction on wrist joint by muscles containing word radialis : ▪ Flexor carpi radialis ▪ Extensor carpi radialis brevis ▪ Extensor carpi radialis longus ulnaris radialis ❑ Supination by ▪ Supinator ▪ Biceps ❑ Pronation by: Pronator teres Pronator quadratus ❑ Adduction on wrist joint by muscles containing word ulnaris : ▪ Flexor carpi ulnaris ▪ Extensor carpi ulnaris Brachioradialis Brachioradialis put forearm in midprone/ midsupine position, so it act as supinator and pronator Retinacula of the forearm Retinaculum: is formed by thickening of deep fascia ❑ Extensor retinaculum keeps long tendons of extensor muscle in position Extensor retinaculum ❑ Flexor retinaculum and carpal bone forms carpal tunnel through which flexor tendons pass flexor retinaculum carpal tunnel flexor tendons Muscles OF the Hand They are divided into 3 groups: ❑ Short Muscles of the thumb ( thenar muscle): ▪ 4 muscles, the first three muscles Form thenar eminence and move the thumb ❑ Short Muscles of the little finger ( hypothenar muscle): ▪ 3 muscles, they form hypothenar eminence and move the little finger 2 3 ❑ Intermediate group: See next slide 4 Muscles of hypothenar eminence 1 1 2 3 Muscles of thenar eminence Intermediate group 1. Four Lumbricals. 2. Four Palmar interossei (first may by absent) 3. Four Dorsal interossei. Action ▪ Palmar interossei: (PAd): Adduction of fingers ▪ Dorsal interossei: Abduction of fingers ▪ Action of the lumbricals and interossei (All intermediate group): ▪ put hand in writing position. Five and five Muscles of the hand Short Muscles of the thumb (thenar muscles)(T) Short Muscles of the little finger (hypothenar) (HT) Lumbricals (L) L L L L T HT T Palmar interossei (P) P P Dorsal interossei (D) P T T D D D T Palmer view Palmer view Doral view D