Lecture 1.pdf

HCMT3007- Health Science Research and Regulations Dr Jennifer Egbunike, Associate Professor Healthcare Management Programme About Me  First year in Qatar  Over 20 years experience in Healthcare Academic Research, Teaching and Consulting  Working acro...

HCMT3007- Health Science Research and Regulations Dr Jennifer Egbunike, Associate Professor Healthcare Management Programme About Me  First year in Qatar  Over 20 years experience in Healthcare Academic Research, Teaching and Consulting  Working across UK, Europe, Africa, USA  UCL Global Business School for Health- Global Healthcare Management Programme  Kingston and St Georges Universities- Research in Health  London Metropolitan University- Public Health and Social Care  Oxford Brookes- Research  Bsc. Clinical Biochemistry  PGCertLTHE  MSc Public Health  PhD Health Policy and Organisational Studies  Senior Fellow UK Higher Education Academy  Fellow, Royal Society for Public Health  Courses Taught include:  Clinical Leadership and Management  Global Healthcare Management  Innovation and Change Management  Research Methods 2  Quality Improvement and Implementation Science  Dr. Egbunike  Contact Information:  Email: [email protected]  Office: BM11.2.05  Telephone: 4495-2795 3 Contacting Dr Egbunike Best to use email Contacting Use UDST email me Please write your full name and student ID number in your emails 4  Course Overview/Aims  To investigate the importance of research in all areas of Healthcare Management  To understand ethical principles, policies, regulations and best practice in undertaking human subject research  Learning Outcomes  To identify historical and contemporary health research projects as well as implications for modern day healthcare  Understand the functions and role of an Institutional Research Board (IRB)  Identify legislation that impacts on healthcare research and be aware of penalties and breaches  Evaluate healthcare research proposals from an ethical and legal perspective  Compare research methodologies in healthcare industry to understand their advantages and disadvantages  Course Outline (1)  Introduction to Research  Understanding the research process  Developing a Research Topic/Question  Understanding databases  Developing a literature review  Referencing correctly in academic writing  Developing and appraising a Research Proposal  Course Outline (2)  Research Ethics, Legislation, Policies and Good Clinical Practice  Research Design, Methodology, Methods  Strengths and limitations of research methods  Outlining and developing your research project report  HCMT3007- Expectations  Early formation of your groups- Finalize this week!  Register your groups on D2L  Meet weekly in your groups  Work promptly and regularly (7-week term)  Use available computer rooms or personal devices for your research  Remember- You are in the driving seat! Assignments and Assessments  Group identification of a research topic/question  Review of the literature on your choice of topic (2500words) submission end of week 3  Exercise on Ethics (? Week 4 -TBC)  Quiz- Week 4/5  Developing your research propsal (3000 words - due week 5)  Outline your project report- Report pre-liminary findings from your research and present (Week 6 and 7) Assessments & Weights (TBC) Assessment Type Weight of final Grade Remarks Literature Review (2500words) 15% Group Quiz 20% Individual Research Proposal (3000words) 15% Group Project Report 30% Group Presentation 20% Group 11 What is Research?  Session covers the following:  What is research?  Who conducts Research?  Why do you need to understand the research process?  Some of the key terms used in research  The purpose & role of research in professional practice What is research? What is research?  What is research ? Research involves finding out about a particular topic for a specific purpose. For example:  Gaining a greater understanding on human behaviour/ attitudes/ motivations/ perceptions  Improving service provision (in health and social care settings)  Improving medical treatment – clinical trials Who conducts research?  Who conducts research?  Students – You….undergraduates in final year, MSc, MRes, MPhil, PhD  Research Focused Institutions – e.g. Qatar Foundation  Think Tanks –e.g. Centre for Policy Studies  Government departments –e.g. HMC, PHCC, Sidra  Charitable organisations –  International Agencies/ organisations- e.g. UNICEF, WHO, UNAIDS  Independent researchers/ consultants – conduct commissioned research What is the purpose & role of research?  To identify need & gaps in service provision –e.g. if a new compound/housing estate is being built, and there will be an influx of new residents –will a new health centre or other services required? how many doctors, nurses for a hospital etc.  To further knowledge – e.g. PhD research on analysing policies aimed at caring for the elderly, exploring innovations in healthcare  To plan for service provision – once needs and gaps have been identified, and recommendations implemented, some groups may be overlooked, and research would be required to plan for their needs – the health needs of young people or other seldom heard groups- give some examples you know…?  Why do you need to understand the research Process?  As part of this course you will need to write a research Proposal – group assignment  To complete this course, you will be required to write a research report and present your findings  Further studies ? PhD  By understanding why research is carried out in healthcare, and the methods used to conduct it, you will be able to critically assess any claims made about the services as a student and future management practitioner  ? Possible employment involving research or research governance What is the purpose & role of Research?  Informing & improving policy and practice – e.g. a research can be carried in 3 years time to find out the effectiveness of “a new service provision”- findings will inform policy & practice modifications  Aiding reflection and allowing progress to be monitored  Evaluating service provision – UDST Students satisfaction survey / Course evaluation forms  Exploring topics of contemporary importance – migration and health or obesity, diabetes or genetic disorders in Qatar – these are “hot” topics/issues that impact health and social care services  Historical and Contemporary Research Projects First Clinical Research by Naval Surgeon James Lind (1947) Clinical advancement in the treatment of scurvy (deficiency of vit C.) The discovery of penicillin and other antibiotics Revolutionised medicine by reducing mortality rates (death) due to infectious diseases Contemporary research in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) Drug discovery in chemotherapy (cancer treatment) Research into multi-drug resistance mRNA vaccines and the rapid development of COVID vaccines  Research Homework Find out more about the research and historical development of penicillin The evolution of clinical research through the years Research the details of the first clinical research by James Lind Group Formation Identify members and form your groups of 5 maximum. You will work in this group for your proposal and other group research tasks Key words used in research Some of the key words used in research  Demographic data- any data that describes population groups in a given location & their characteristics (race, religion, age, sex, gender etc.)  Peer Reviewed –before an article is published in a specialist journal, e.g. the lancet – it must be scrutinised by other specialists in the field – this ensures high quality research  Sample - a group of research participants selected from the target population, e.g. a group selected from a population of pregnant women  Hypothesis – a precise statement which makes a prediction about the findings a researcher expects to find  E.g 1: The more control patients are given in health care settings, the better their health outcomes  E.g 2: There is a relationship between sugar consumption and the rate of diabetes in Qatar Some of the key words used in research  Researcher bias – the possibility that a researcher may interpret findings in a way which suits their hypothesis/ beliefs/ influencing participant responses  Research Rationale / justification – Your key reasons (objective- academic ) for wanting to conduct a piece of research - why is the topic relevant to your field of practice? Usually, there is a gap in knowledge , there is a problem evidenced by a high prevalence - statistical evidence backed by academic literature  Secondary data – data that has been collected by another researcher and is published is some source = used for literature reviews = secondary research  Primary data – data that you have collected by yourself – e.g. asking students to complete a questionnaire on healthy eating – if you get published = becomes secondary data to someone else  Where we are going: research questions All research start with a research question –the problem or issue that we are trying to explore Different knowledge positions lead us to be interested in different things, and ask different questions about the world we are trying to explore The research process  The Research Process  Define the research problem(s)-  Phrase/craft the research question  Develop aims and objectives  Determine study design: sampling, methods of data collection and analysis  Explore ethical considerations  Data collection & Analysis  Interpretation and report writing- with conclusions and recommendations  Not usually a linear process  Research Thinking Research Questions  What is happening?  Is there a systematic (causal) effect?  Why or how is it happening (“mechanism”)? Steps in Conducting Research 1. Identify and define a research problem 2. Formulate hypothesis based on theory, research, or both 3. Design the research 4. Conduct the research 5. Analyze the data 6. Interpret the data as they relate to the research question  Core Texts (HCMT3007)  Sheppard V (2020). Research Methods for the Social Sciences. Vancouver: BC Campus. E book (open source).  Bryman A. (2021). Bryman’s Social Research Methods. (6th Edition). Oxford University Press.  Bell J. and Waters S. (2018). Doing your Resarch Project: A guide for first time researchers. 7th edition. Open University Press.  Other academic text focussed on research Any Questions?