Lecture 1 PDF
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Uploaded by AdventuresomeMridangam
University of Maryland, College Park
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Summary
This lecture covers basic requirements for human health, including strategies for maintaining it. It discusses topics such as clean air, sufficient water and food, and stable settlements. The lecture also details different models for maintaining human health, such as the clinical intervention model, public health intervention model, and the environmental stewardship model.
Full Transcript
January 30, 2024 Basic Requirements for Human Health 1. Clean Air 2. Safe/Suf ceint Water 3. Safe/Suf cient Adequate Food 4. Safe Settlements 5. Stable Environments Climate Change Allows mosquitoes, diseases to travel more and reach higher altitudes Disappearance of Lake Chad in Nigeria (Causes bodi...
January 30, 2024 Basic Requirements for Human Health 1. Clean Air 2. Safe/Suf ceint Water 3. Safe/Suf cient Adequate Food 4. Safe Settlements 5. Stable Environments Climate Change Allows mosquitoes, diseases to travel more and reach higher altitudes Disappearance of Lake Chad in Nigeria (Causes bodies of water to dissapear) Strategies of Maintaining Human Health Clinical Intervention model, tries to prevent death but still causes disease 1. Reactive 2. Risky 3. Individual 4. Expensive Public health Intervention Model, prevents the disease from reaching further from the environment 1. Proactive 2. Limit exposure 3. Population Environmental Stewardship Model, takes care of the environment to prevent any kind of disease 1. Proactive 2. Present and future population Public Health Intervention fi Protect the entire population fi Strategies 1. Sanitation / waste management 2. Control disease vectors 3. Food safety 4. Chlorination 5. Hygiene awareness 6. Immunization 7. Disaster preparedness Developed countries has greater infrastructure to provide these tools/strategies then less developed countries Environmental Stewardship Protect present and future populations Strategies 1. Control industrial emissions (air and water) 2. Direct population growth / development 3. Minimize soil depletion / erosion 4. Maintain / restore habitat / biodiversity 5. Control / eradicate invasive species Developed greater the Less developed countries Some contaminants are worse in developed countries Pathogens can be rose in developed countries, which is changing fast because of manufactiring globalization Stewardship Model = assumes that intact ecosystems provide a variety of services that are necessary or at least bene cial to humans Earth and Ecology Geosphere = solid part of Earth (actual Earth surface) 1. Crust = continental crust - similar to granite, less dense then oceanic crust and has higher elevation. Oceanic Crust - much denser, like basalt, exist below oceans, well below sea fi level 2. Mantle Extends below the crust and down about 2,900km Upper mantel - composed of mineral olivine Lower Mantle - Contans minerals formed from high pressures, is solid 3. Core Planet earth Lithosphere = rigid, includes oceanic and continental crust and portion of upper mantle Asthenosphere = portion of mantel directly below lithosphere, hotter than above and thus pliable = can ow under pressure Isostasy = different thickness of crust riding on the mantle causing variations in elevation regionally Density of rock = in uences elevation Temperature of rock is important Plate tectonics Creates/destroys land Natural hazards Affects sea level change Signi cant change geologically ove time Atmosphere Comp. 1. Nitrogen = 79% 2. Oxygen = 20% 3. Argon = 1% 4. CO2 =
