Introduction to Ethics Lecture 1 PDF

Introduction to Ethics Lecture 1 Agenda 01 Source of ethics in Islam 02 Health professional practice in Saudi Arabia 03 Health care profession honour 04 Characteristics and roles of professional nurse 05 References Interrelation between… Ethics Morals Values Ethics The philosophic...

Introduction to Ethics Lecture 1 Agenda 01 Source of ethics in Islam 02 Health professional practice in Saudi Arabia 03 Health care profession honour 04 Characteristics and roles of professional nurse 05 References Interrelation between… Ethics Morals Values Ethics The philosophical studies of human actions and behavior of the right or wrong standards Asking the question: How humans are ought to act? Morals the idea that morals are personal principles that are acquired from life experiences, family and peer relationships, religion, culture, and the law. Morals are generally seen as appropriate for more routine decisions, but inadequate for resolving the more complex issues arising in clinical practice settings Values Values are personal beliefs about the truths and worth of thoughts and patterns of behavior that are prized and chosen by a person, group, or society . Personal values (acquired from cultural, family, community life experiences) Professional values (integrity, dedication, and fairness) . 1. 2. 3. 4. Source of ethics in Islam Quran Sunnah and Hadith Ijtihad The Islamic Schools of Jurisprudence (Al-Mazahib) 5. Islamic Laws (Sharia) 6. Scale of Acts Permissibility in Islam Professional Ethics These are the guidelines derived from the values and principles concerned with the modalities of proper conduct when practicing his/her profession. Code of Ethics Is a set of ethical principles that are accepted by all members of a profession. Professional Regulations These are the rules and legislations that regulate the practice of healthcare professionals. Breach of these regulations may lead to disciplinary acts which consequently make them similar to the laws of the land. Healthcare Practitioner healthcare practitioner is a qualified person who directly provides or helps in providing healthcare to patients, whether in the form of diagnostic, curative, or rehabilitative services that affect health condition. Examples? All healthcare practitioners is to comply with the system of practicing healthcare profession and its executive regulations issued by the Royal Decree. The commitment to follow these guidelines is considered a commitment to the system of practicing healthcare profession in Saudi Arabia. https://laws.boe.gov.sa/BoeLaws/Laws/LawDetai ls/f1de206c-eef4-4a76-904a-a9a700f2899a/1 Health professional practice in Saudi Arabia • For the last few decades, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has been welcoming hundreds of thousands of healthcare practitioners from all over the globe, regardless of their country of origin or religion. As any other civilized country, it has its own regulations along with deeply-rooted social customs that are largely based on Islam as a cornerstone. Obviously, the Kingdom has been adopting the Islamic Sharia as the main regulations and legislations reference, as clearly stated in the Basic System, which is more or less the constitution of the country. The healthcare system is not an exception. Therefore, it is reasonable to expect many of the issues that healthcare practitioners face in their practice will be seen, analyzed and resolved from the Islamic perspectives • Islam has made the preservation and conservation of human life rank second after preservation of religion. Thus, Islam has prohibited killing a human being except for mandated legal retribution (Qasas), and has forbidden assault on human beings. Allah SWT has said: Health care profession honour ٰ ‫ﻣ ْن أَﺟْ ل‬ َ َ َ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ُ َ َ َ • ‫ﺳﺎ ِﺑﻐَ ْﯾ ِر ﻧَ ْﻔ ٍس أ َ ْو‬ ‫ﻔ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﮫ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ﯾ‬ ‫ﺋ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ َ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ذ‬ ْ َ ِ َ ْ ِ َِ ٰ ِ ِ ِ ً َ َ ‫ﺎس َﺟ ِﻣﯾﻌًﺎ َو َﻣ ْن أَﺣْ ﯾَﺎ َھﺎ ﻓَ َﻛﺄَﻧﱠ َﻣﺎ أَﺣْ ﯾَﺎ‬ َ َ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﺳﺎ ٍد ﻓِﻲ ْاﻷ َ ْر‬ َ ‫ض ﻓَ َﻛﺄَﻧﱠ َﻣﺎ ﻗَﺗ َ َل اﻟﻧﱠ‬ ‫ﯾرا ِ ّﻣ ْﻧ ُﮭم ﺑَ ْﻌ َد ٰ َذ ِﻟ َك‬ ِ ‫ﺳﻠُﻧَﺎ ِﺑﺎ ْﻟﺑَ ِﯾّﻧَﺎ‬ ُ ‫ﺎس َﺟ ِﻣﯾﻌًﺎ ۚ َوﻟَﻘَ ْد َﺟﺎ َءﺗْ ُﮭ ْم ُر‬ ً ِ‫ت ﺛ ُ ﱠم ِإ ﱠن َﻛﺛ‬ َ ‫اﻟﻧﱠ‬ َ ُ‫ﺳ ِرﻓ‬ (32) ‫ون‬ ْ ‫ض ﻟَ ُﻣ‬ ِ ‫ِﻓﻲ ْاﻷ َ ْر‬ Health care profession honour • Manners in Islam have a set of characteristics that makes them distinguished from what has been found in the systems and rulings of other civilizations. These characteristics include the following: 1. Of godly origin: Islamic ethics are not a result of human efforts or temporary systems, instead they branch from the rulings of the Creator of mankind, who knows best what suits and ruins them. 2.Intended as acts of worship: A Muslim is motivated by his/her faith to pursue the best of manners, as an act which brings him/her closer to Allah and seeks this to be counted as a good deed. Health care profession honour 3.They are stable and applicable principles: Muslim healthcare practitioner’s attitude does not change by being a person in authority or a subordinate, neither with the poor/rich nor with the weak/strong. He/she should treat everyone equally and courteously at all times. Truthfulness ‫َﯾﺎ أ َ ﱡﯾ َﮭﺎ اﻟﱠذِﯾ َن آ َﻣﻧُوا‬ ‫اﺗﱠﻘُوا ﱠ َ َوﻛُوﻧُوا َﻣ َﻊ‬ َ ‫ﺻﺎ ِد ِﻗ‬ (119) ‫ﯾن‬ ‫اﻟ ﱠ‬ Health care profession honour Patience and Forbearance Honesty and Integrity َ ‫َواﻟﱠذ‬ ‫ِﯾن ُھ ْم‬ ‫ﻋ ْﮭ ِد ِھ ْم‬ َ ‫ِﻷ َ َﻣﺎﻧَﺎﺗِ ِﮭ ْم َو‬ َ ‫َراﻋ‬ (8) ‫ُون‬ Passion and Love Humblenes s and Respect for Others ‫ﻋن اﻟﻧﺑﻲ ﷺ‬ ‫ ﻻ ﯾدﺧل‬:‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫اﻟﺟﻧﺔ ﻣن ﻛﺎن ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺑﮫ ﻣﺛﻘﺎل ذرة‬ ‫ﻣن ﻛﺑر‬ Moderation and Fairness Professional Nursing Ethics Professional Nursing Ethics Professional • Professional status is achieved when an occupation involves practice. • A profession carries great individual responsibility and based up on theoretical Knowledge. • The privilege to practice is granted only after the individual was completed a standardized program of highly specialized education and has demonstrated an ability to meet the standards for practice. • The body of specialized knowledge is continually developed and Evaluated through research. • The members are self organized and collectively assume the responsibility of establishing standards for education and practice. Nursing Nurse: Is a person (male or female) who has completed a program of basic nursing education, He or she is qualified and authorized in her or his country to supply the most responsible services of a nursing nature, for the promotion of health, the prevention of illness and care of sick. Professional nurse: Is a health worker identified by law as a registered nurse whether graduated from bachelor degree or diploma degree, and passed the legislation qualification Saudi nursing licensure examination Characteristics of professional nurse 1.Having an up-to-date knowledge of general and specific nature. 2.Being clean, neat, tidy, and well groomed. 3.Gentle, cheerful, alert, kind, tact, undependable, conscientious, clever, sympathetic and patient. 4.She must be mature physically and emotionally. 5.She must have ability to inspire confidence. 6.Intelligent/ emotional intelligence 7.Open minded, responsible, cooperative, and able to develop good interpersonal relationship with others. 8.Punctual. 9.Have the ability to teach. 10.Self accountable 11. Role model 12.Provide comfort and reflect professionalism Characteristics of professional nurse Role of professional nurse 1. Care provider: caring /comforting involve knowledge and sensitivity to what matter and what is important to the client. 2. Communicator / Helper: Effective communication is an essential element of all helping profession, including nursing. It helps the client to explain the internal feeling. 3. Teacher/educator: Be able to teach patients and other health care team members. Role of professional nurse 4. Counselor: counseling is a process of helping a client to recognized and cope with stressful psychological or social problem, to develop improved interpersonal relation ships and promote personal growth. 5. Advocate: An advocate pleads the cause of others or argues or pleads for a cause or proposal 6. Change agent: a change agent is a person or group who initiates changes or who assists others in making modification in them selves or in the system. Role of professional nurse 7. Leader: lead the clients and health care team members to achieve better status. 8. Manager: management defines manager as who plans, gives direction, developing staff, monitoring operations, giving rewards fairly and representing both staff member and administration as needed. 9. Researcher: Inquires about new approaches in nursing and use her knowledge and experience to expand practice. • Code of Ethics for Healthcare Practitioners https://www.iau.edu.sa/sites/default/fi les/resources/5039864724.pdf References THANK YOU Any questions?