Lecture 13 Summer Tick Biology PDF

5/24/2024 Reminder Extra Credit summary of guest speaker 2 (Dr. Maestas) due July 2 (midnight) – Submit via email – Subject line includes your name, “Guest speaker Medical Entomol...

5/24/2024 Reminder Extra Credit summary of guest speaker 2 (Dr. Maestas) due July 2 (midnight) – Submit via email – Subject line includes your name, “Guest speaker Medical Entomology”, and class name – File name should include your name somewhere “Vitek_extra_credit_summary” 1 Final Upcoming schedule July 3 – last lecture, review session – Send me question by July 2 July 3 (also!) – annotated bibliography due July 4 – no class – Discussion prompt 4 due at midnight Jule 5 – 3rd test – New discussion prompt, due midnight July 9 2 Tick Biology 3 1  5/24/2024 New tick borne diseases! Heartland virus – First identified in 2014 (8 cases in MO and TN) – Thought to be transmitted by Lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum) 4 Heartland virus (2009) Symptoms include: – Onset appears to be in May through September – Fever, lethargy – Headaches, muscle aches, diarrhea, loss of appetite, nausea, low white blood cell count – One of the 8 died Transmitted by the Lone Star tick (maybe others?) Relatively rare, ~40 cases 5 Heartland Cases in 2021 6 2  5/24/2024 Bourbon Virus (new as of 2015) One case in eastern Kansas (Bourbon County) – Disease never before seen in people – Infected patient died Few other cases seen in Midwest and southern United States, not very common Uncertain if found in other states 7 Bourbon Virus (new as of 2015) Symptoms – fever, rash, headache, body aches, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, low white blood cell count Unknown vector, most likely a tick (thought to be the Lone Star tick) 8 New “disease” – “meat allergy” “Alpha-gal syndrome” (AGS) – Alpha-gal sugar found in meat (pork, beef, rabbit, lamb, etc.) and animal products (gelatin, milk, etc.) – Triggers severe allergic reactions to red meat AGS is not a disease, but a response to the sugar – Basically, a meat allergy after exposure to this sugar – Not everyone exposed to sugar develops allergy May be triggered by bite from Lone Star tick or blacklegged tick – Unclear how, or why, may be triggered 9 3  5/24/2024 New “disease” – “meat allergy” Symptoms after eating meat/animal product – Rash, hives, nausea/vomiting, heartburn, diarrhea, dizziness, drop in blood pressure, cough/shortness of breath, stomach pain Usually appear 2-6 hours after exposure to meat/animal products Reaction may differ person to person – May be life threatening (anaphylaxis) 10 New Tick Species – Longhorn Tick New in 2017! Haemaphysalis longicornis No disease transmission here in US Greater threat to livestock due to feeding 11 New Tick Species – Longhorn Tick Can be found on pets, livestock, wildlife, and people Females can reproduce parthenogenetically As of 2021, found in AR, CT, DE, GA, MD, MO, NJ, NY, NC, OH, PA, RI, SC, TN, VA, WV, KY 12 4  5/24/2024 New Tick Species – Longhorn Tick Potential distribution 13 Video - Video – followed by small group discussion This video deals with outbreak detection and response 14 Questions Was there some step or process you didn’t realize was involved in outbreaks? Do you think this kind of response happens everywhere, for any disease? Why or why not? What do you think the next steps for a response would be? What could be done to prevent vector-borne disease outbreaks? 15 5