Introduction to Professionalism PDF Lecture Notes

FAMILY MEDICINE Gynecology - 1 0 IntroductIon to professIonalIsm...

FAMILY MEDICINE Gynecology - 1 0 IntroductIon to professIonalIsm Definition D EFINITION OF PROFESSIONALISM  A set of values① , behaviors② , attitudes③, and relationships④ that… ❶ Underpins the trust the public has in doctors. ❷ Set client’s self-interest before self-interestof the professional.  So… Professionals places patients well-beings as priority Commitment to Make Evidance- Profession proffessional Life long learner Based decisions ethics Professionalism in today's world is a mark of excellence for doctors HOW? ❶ Professionalism ⮅ the sense of responsibility & improves the patient care  That is achieved when a doctor becomes aware of the fact that the people have…  Certain expectations For judging the competence of doctors  + Certain standards ❷ Professionalism has to do a lot with... ‫إضافة من باور السنة السابقة‬ ① Effective communication skills. ② Achieving excellence in skills + ethics. ❸ Professionalism is the moral understanding among medical practitioners: that gives reality to what is commonly referred to as the social convention between medicine & society. ‫إضافة من باور السنة السابقة‬ Dr. Ziad Mahana 1  PCM LECTURE - 1 The American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) (Which is leader & has explicitly addressed the definition of professionalism in the 1990s) ⎚ It offered a widely adopted definition that was … ① Broad & inclusive ② COMPOSED OF: PrinciPles of Professionalism  Principles are built upon the establishment of... ❶ CLINICAL COMPETENCE Competent in your field SO TO SHOW PROFESSIONALISM ❷ COMMUNICATION SKILLS Good communication skills YOU MUST BE ❸ ETHICAL & LEGAL UNDERSTANDING Ethical oriented CHARACTER DOMAIN (Perosonal domain) CONNECTION DOMAIN (Interpersonal compatability) COMPETANCE DOMAIN (Proffessional capability) The hierarchical relationship between the 3 domains of professionalism: - Competence (professional expertise) forms the basic foundation. - The ability to connect effectively with people elevates one's professional capability to the next level. - The highest level of professionalism, commensurate with strong fiduciary relationships, results from progressing to the character domain, which adds the dimensions of trust and morality. Dr. Ziad Mahana 2  PCM LECTURE - 1 Pillars & Traits of Professionalism  Several related constructs & characteristics that could have easily been listed among the cognitive, emotive, attitudinal, ethical, and behavioral traits of professionals including… ▪ Empathy. ▪ Advocacy. ▪ Creativity. ▪ Reliability. ▪ Professional competence. ▪ Innovation. ▪ Collaboration. ▪ Altruism. ▪ Leadership. ▪ Cooperation. ‫ الموجودين في الباور بوينت‬+ ▪ Probity. ▪ Respect. ▪ Expertise. ▪ Altruism. ▪ Responsibility & Accountability. ▪ Commitment to Excellence. ▪ Honesty & Integrity. ▪ Standards. ▪ Care & Compassion. Dr. Ziad Mahana 3  PCM LECTURE - 1 RESPONSIBILITY ACCOUNTABILITY Often used interchangeably with each other “Yet the terms are different”  Focuses on:  Measures: ▪ What one can do & should do. ▪ One’s behavior against established  It defines: rules or norms. ① The duty & moral obligation. DISADVANTAGES ‫إضافة من باور السنة السابقة‬ PRINCIPLES ② Responsibilities to: Placing emphasis on accountability 1. Individual patients. ⇩ Risks that too much attention may be focused 2. Health care professionals. on the rules “with both agent & overseer” 3. Society. ⇩ 4. The profession. Losing sight of what is ultimately important. RELATIONSHIP One of trust ‫إضافة من باور السنة السابقة‬ One of agent to overseer ‫إضافة من باور السنة السابقة‬ DEFINITION ⎚ A conscientious effort to exceed ordinary expectations. ⎚ A commitment to lifelong learning with new knowledge that requires a commitment to continued learning as… ① New studies are published that have a direct impact on patient care. ② Practice guidelines are revised and updated. IT IMPLIES ③ New drugs emerge. ④ The efficacy & safety of existing drugs are regularly challenged. ⑤ Advances in technology change the way health care is delivered. ⑥ New legislation & policies have implications on the practice. Dr. Ziad Mahana 4  PCM LECTURE - 1 ❶ Altruism: to pursue serving patients & their families with the best clinical care with their needs first. ❷ Respect: ⎚ To respect others is to DEFINITION ① Hold in high regard their feelings, opinions & values ② Be courteous & considerate of others. ① Individual patients & their families. **For individual patients, one must… - Respect dignity & autonomy. APPLIED TO - Take their beliefs & values into consideration. - Maintain their confidentiality at all times. ② Other health care professionals, colleagues, coworkers. ③ Others with whom they come in contact.  One must ① Uphold the highest standards of behavior. ② Refrain from actions that would violate one’s personal or professional codes. ‫إضافة من باور السنة السابقة‬ “TO CARE & TO BE COMPASSIONATE ARE AT THE VERY CENTER OF THE FIDUCIAL RELATIONSHIP WITH THE PATIENT” ❶ Caring definition: IN THE MOST BASIC ⎚ Means to attend to the needs of others & to have personal concern for TERMS the well-being of another. ⎚ Has been defined as: ▪ Expressing attitudes & actions of concern for patients to support their IN THE PROFESSIONAL well-being. CONTEXT ▪ Alleviate undue discomfort. ▪ Meet obvious or anticipated needs. ❷ To be compassionate: ▪ To recognize & understand the needs of others. ▪ But more important to act on this compassion & desire to help them. Dr. Ziad Mahana 5  PCM LECTURE - 1 role of students  Regarding role of student in professionalism, it is to develop personal behaviors consistent with a respect for chosen profession. Students need to commit to responsibilities as ⎚ Seek and accept feedback & constructive instruction ❶ ▪ From: Teachers – Peers – Residents – Faculty. ▪ In order to: Continually improve educational experience, knowledge, and clinical skills. ❷ ⎚ Commit to the highest standards of competence. ⎚ Meet the expectations: for participation & timeliness that are communicated to me by those ❸ who teach me. ⎚ Be mindful: ❹ ▪ Of what? Demeanor – Language – Appearance. ▪ Where? in the classroom – in the presence of patients– in all health care settings. ⎚ Regarding mistakes: ❺ ▪ Admit to and assume responsibility for it in a mature & honest manner. ▪ + Develop productive strategies for correcting them. ⎚ Refrain from using illicit substances as ▪ Alcohol. ❻ ▪ Non-prescription or prescription drugs. “In a manner that may compromise judgment or ability to contribute to safe & effective learning” ⎚ Be considerate & respectful of: ▪ Others (Teachers – Peers – Residents – Faculty). ❼ ▪ Time. ▪ Religious. ▪ Lifestyles. ▪ Rights. ▪ Ethnic. ▪ Opinions. ▪ Values. ▪ Socioeconomic backgrounds. ▪ Choices. ⎚ Recognize limitations & seek help: when one’s expertise, knowledge, or level of experience is ❽ inadequate to handle a situation in the classroom, hospital, or research setting. Dr. Ziad Mahana 6  PCM LECTURE - 1 Professional vs unProfessional  A professional person will: ① Take pride in doing a job well & pay attention to detail. ② Take personal responsibility for their actions and the consequences. ③ Seek to develop and improve their skills. ④ Not be satisfied with a substandard result, and will seek to put things right. ⑤ Be prepared to acknowledge mistakes, learn from them and take appropriate steps to prevent recurrence. ⑥ Show respect for those who consult them in a professional capacity. social responsibiliTy  Many of the characteristics listed: ▪ Relate to those directly linked to a person’s professional role & are generally concerned with the individual’s ability to carry out their duties. ▪ But in medicine, this is not enough; the caring nature of the profession means that a healthcare professional must possess a strong sense of empathy, a desire to do good. Examples ❶ Compassion for those suffering pain & hardship. ❷ A proper & responsible role in society. ❸ A responsible attitude to the environment. ❹ Good employment practices. ❺ An awareness of social issues “Where the medical profession is in a position to play an important or central role” ❻ Humanity in both professional① & personal matters②. ❼ Adherence to the law. Dr. Ziad Mahana 7  PCM LECTURE - 1 Notes Does Professionalism Equal Perfectionism? ⎚ No PROFESSIONALISM PERFECTIONISM The state of being without flaw or defect. It is the ultimate goal that many individuals strive for. A standard that can be achieved A standard that is often unattainable through hard work & dedication Case Scenario A 20-year-old, pregnant, Black Hispanic female presented to the Emergency Department (ED) in critical condition following a single-vehicle car accident. She exhibited signs and symptoms of internal bleeding and was advised to have a blood transfusion and emergency surgery in an attempt to save her and the fetus. She refused to accept blood or blood products and rejected the surgery as well. Her refusal was based on a fear of blood transfusion due to her belief in Bible scripture. Dr. Ziad Mahana 8