Lecture 1 Week 1 Part 1.pdf

Overview: cells of the immune system WARNING This material has been reproduced and communicated to you by or on behalf of Curtin University in accordance with section 113P of the Copyright Act 1968 (the Act) The material in this communication may be subject to copyright under the Act. Any further...

Overview: cells of the immune system WARNING This material has been reproduced and communicated to you by or on behalf of Curtin University in accordance with section 113P of the Copyright Act 1968 (the Act) The material in this communication may be subject to copyright under the Act. Any further reproduction or communication of this material by you may be the subject of copyright protection under the Act. Do not remove this notice. Overview Overview Haematopoiesis Myelopoiesis Recognition by innate immunity • • • • Pathogen-associated molecular patterns and damage-associated molecular patterns Encoded germline and not produced by somatic recombination  less diverse Non-clonally distributed  identical receptors on all cells T and B cell clones recognize a unique receptor for a specific antigen Innate immunity: neutrophils Innate immunity: neutrophils Innate immunity: neutrophils Innate immunity: neutrophils Innate: Monocytes/macrophages Innate immunity: Macrophages Innate immunity: DCs Innate immunity: DCs Innate immunity: DCs Adaptive immunity Adaptive immunity Adaptive immunity: BAFF and IL-7 • BAFF can bind via 3 receptors, one of which is BAFF-Receptor • Binding of BAFF to BAFF-R controls B cell maturation and survival • Elevated levels of BAFF are detected in serum of patients with various B cell mediated autoimmune disorders and B cell lymphomas • IL-7 is produced by stromal cells in the thymus and periphery • IL-7 promotes upregulation of prosurvival/anti-apoptotic molecules BCL-2 and MCL1 • Lymphopoiesis and T cell maintenance Recognition by adaptive immunity • • • • B cell antigen receptors are membrane bound antibodies T cell antigen receptors recognize peptide fragments of protein antigens Most T cells possess alpha/beta and a minority (5-10%) express gamma/delta chains Gamma/delta not restricted to MHCI and II molecules : can bind peptides presented by non-classical MHC Adaptive immunity: Th cells Adaptive immunity: Th17 cells Adaptive immunity: Treg cells Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) Take home points 1. Haematopoiesis: myelopoiesis and and lymphopoiesis 2. Innate immunity • Recognition by DAMPs/PAMPs • Focus on neutrophils and production of NETs • Macrophage polarisation and function • Dendritic cell subsets 3. Adaptive immunity • Cytokines for survival: BAFF and IL-7 • Recognition by antigen receptors • Focus on Th cell subsets including Th17 • Understand cytokines that drive each T cell subset and subsequent production 4. Innate lymphoid cells • Lack rearranged antigen receptors • Similar role to Th subsets e.g. ILC1 similar to Th1, ILC2 to Th2, ILC3 to Th17 Example feedback questions