Introduction to Enterprise Architecture (EA) Lecture 1 PDF

Introduction to Enterprise Architecture (EA) CIS3000 - Information Systems Architecture and Infrastructure Objectives 1.1 Explain Enterprise Architecture (EA) 1.2 Justify the purpose of EA for organizations Content Enterprise Architecture Definition Importance Purpose...

Introduction to Enterprise Architecture (EA) CIS3000 - Information Systems Architecture and Infrastructure Objectives 1.1 Explain Enterprise Architecture (EA) 1.2 Justify the purpose of EA for organizations Content Enterprise Architecture Definition Importance Purpose and goals Enterprise Architecture (EA) What is Architecture? Architecture: fundamental concepts or properties of a system in its environment, embodied in its elements, relationships, and in the principles of its design and evolution. ISO/IEC/IEEE FDIS 42010:2011 standard (ISO/IEC/IEEE 2011) What is Architecture? ‘structure with a vision’. An architecture provides an integrated view of the system being designed or studied. What is Enterprise? Enterprise: any collection of organisations that has a common set of goals and/or a single bottom line. What is Enterprise Architecture? Enterprise architecture: a coherent whole of principles, methods, and models that are used in the design and realisation of an enterprise’s organisational structure, business processes, information systems, and infrastructure. (Lankhorst, 2017) Enterprise architecture (EA) is a discipline for proactively and holistically leading enterprise responses to disruptive forces by identifying and analyzing the execution of change toward desired business vision and outcomes. (Gartner, 2021) Infrastructure The resources (such as personnel, buildings, or equipment) required for an activity The underlying foundation or basic framework (as of a system or organization) Information systems infrastructure refers to a range of devices and technologies, applications and systems, standards and conventions that the individual user or the collective rely on to work on different organizational tasks and processes. Importance of Enterprise Architecture The Drivers of Enterprise Architecture Internal Drivers External Drivers Internal Drivers of EA Business–IT alignment The Need for Business Growth Integration Convergence Roadmap for Change Integration Shifting from silo-based systems, curating business value, and measuring outcomes will drive your organization away from domain and system silos toward a unified and, more importantly, integrated enterprise ecosystem Purpose and Goals of Enterprise Architecture Benefits of EA Provides a clear model of organization’s business, application, data and technology architecture, dependencies and inter-relatedness Helps the organization to make business decisions based on a holistic view Increase their business values by aligning IT with their business strategy Helps the organization to unlock the power of information, unifying information silos that inhibit business processes EA ensures organizations invest in projects that are targeted towards their goals, objectives, and visions Identifies opportunities for reuse and integration, provides consistency across processes and information https://www.ilearnlot.com/enterprise-architecture-ea-definition-importance-and-benefits/60364/ Benefits of EA Provides an excellent planning tool for understanding business strategy and responding to competitive pressures Identifies duplicate and overlapping processes, services, data, hardware, and software. Opportunity to make the organization more efficient and cost- effective by eliminating duplication and overlaps Enterprise Architecture helps large or growing organizations merge their IT infrastructure with their business goals. This practice promotes the translation of strategies into understandable, clearly defined procedures, processes, and technological requirements. This translation process is considered by many to be EA’s greatest strength. Benefits of EA A well-defined Enterprise Architecture promotes a comprehensive understanding of the entire business and has the potential to show the changes needed for optimizing an organization’s infrastructure. An optimized infrastructure is more efficient and reduces costs Mars, Inc. Mars, Incorporated is a global supplier in food, confectionery, and pet nutrition, as well as veterinary services. They were faced with continuous marketplace disruptions. In 2017, they started a digital transformation, and instituted EA practices and a digital transformation roadmap, which included analytics, IT modernization, data, automation, AI, machine learning, and continuous improvement. They invested in agile, user centricity, and next-generation technologies as the best way to deliver the solutions. Their strategy included a top-down approach that was fed from their business priorities, and a bottom-up approach based on rationalizing applications and legacy technology. https://www.infoworld.com/article/3440817/the-2019-enterprise-architecture-awards.html?page=5 Mars, Inc. Improved Speed and Agility: Mars established a three-mode architecture designed to offer fit- for-purpose services, increased speed, and improved customer value. They provided workshops that developed strategic plans and solutions. A Collaboration Culture: Mars’ architecture brought their IT teams, vendors, and integration partners together to foster “collaborative decision-making.” An Outward-facing Approach: Mars partnered with external industry experts to broaden their perspective of digital business and IT leadership teams. The outside-in approach provides experience to better develop solutions, increase their operational efficiency, and to work with agility. Aligning Digital Transformation: They designed a blueprint that successfully employed a digital reference model and connected capabilities, priorities, trends, and goals. Goals of EA Creating competitive advantages Reducing risk Promoting cost-efficiency Scalability Goals of EA The goal of enterprise architecture is to create a unified IT environment … across the firm or all the firm’s business units with symbiotic links to the business side of the organization The purpose of enterprise architecture is to create a map of IT assets and business processes and a set of governance principles that drive an ongoing discussion about business strategy and how it can be expressed through IT Goals of EA Document the Enterprise processes, systems, and information Add business value to the organization by ensuring alignment of business and information technology strategy Enterprise architecture forces a decision based on outcomes Provide a big picture, long-term view Develop the organization’s systems and processes with a focus on business strategy Develop a system of steps and procedures for staff to support the organization of data Ensure consistency and integration Develop a roadmap of projects that help to realize the organization’s goals Resources https://www.ilearnlot.com/enterprise-architecture-ea-definition-importance-and-benefits/6036 4/ https://www.gartner.com/en/information-technology/glossary/enterprise-architecture-ea https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-74980-8_22#:~:text=Information%20syst ems%20infrastructure%20refers%20to,different%20organizational%20tasks%20and%20proc esses. https://www.cio.com/article/228396/why-enterprise-architecture-maximizes-organizational-val ue.html https://www.dataversity.net/what-enterprise-architecture-does-for-organizations/ https://www.infoworld.com/article/3440817/the-2019-enterprise-architecture-awards.html?pa ge=5