Biochemistry II Lecture 04 PDF

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Summary

This lecture document provides an overview of biochemistry II, focusing on key concepts in redox metabolism. It discusses electron flow, reduction potentials, and the role of electron carriers in biological processes.

Full Transcript

BIOCHEMISTRY -II (UBT-310) Living cells have an analogous biological “circuit,” with a relatively reduced compound such as glucose as the source of electrons....

BIOCHEMISTRY -II (UBT-310) Living cells have an analogous biological “circuit,” with a relatively reduced compound such as glucose as the source of electrons. BIOENERGETICS As glucose is enzymatically oxidized, the released electrons flow spontaneously through a series of electron-carrier intermediates to another chemical species, such as O2. This electron flow is exergonic, because O2 has a higher affinity for electrons than do the electron-carrier intermediates. The resulting electromotive force provides energy to a variety of molecular energy transducers (enzymes and other proteins) that do biological work. Prof. Sanjai Saxena Department of Biotechnology Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab 147001 INDIA Email: [email protected] ; [email protected] BIOCHEMISTRY-II Key Concepts in Redox Metabolism the two chemical species differ in their affinity for electrons, electrons flow spontaneously through the circuit, driven by a force proportional to the difference in electron affinity, the electromotive force (emf). Reduction potentials are a measurement of electron affinity. 1. Compounds with a very high affinity for electrons are oxidants, e.g., O2, and have a positive reduction potential (Eº’>0). 2. Very strong reductants are compounds that readily give up electrons, e.g., NADH, and have a negative reduction potential (Eº’

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