Discovering Computers 2018 PDF

DISCOVERING COMPUTERS 2018 Digital Technology, Data, and Devices Module 3 Computers and Mobile Devices: Evalua...

DISCOVERING COMPUTERS 2018 Digital Technology, Data, and Devices Module 3 Computers and Mobile Devices: Evaluating Options for Home and Work Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Mobile Computers and Desktops A mobile computer is a portable personal computer, designed so that a user easily can carry it from place to place A personal computer (PC) is a mobile computer or desktop that can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself and is intended to be used by one person at a time, at a particular location. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or 3-2 posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Servers and its types A server is a computer dedicated to providing one or more services to other computers or devices on a network. There are three types of server structures as follows: Rack server : contains a metal rack (Chassis) that houses multiple servers on top of each other vertically in racks/slots. Blade server: allows multiple servers to be housed next to each other in a single area of the rack. Tower server: is similar in size and shape to that of a desktop. It has a single server standalone unit. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or 3-3 posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Servers Table 3-1 Dedicated Servers Type Main Service Provided Application server Stores and runs apps Backup server Backs up and restores files, folders, and media Database server Stores and provides access to a database Domain name server Stores domain names and their corresponding IP addresses File server (or storage server) Stores and manages files FTP server Stores files for user upload or download via FTP Game server Provides a central location for online gaming Home server Provides storage, Internet connections, or other services to computers and devices in a household List server Stores and manages email lists Mail server Stores and delivers email messages Network server Manages network traffic Print server Manages printers and documents being printed Web server Stores and delivers requested webpages to a computer via a browse Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or 3-4 posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Server Virtualization Virtualization is the practice of sharing or pooling computing resources, such as servers and storage devices – Server virtualization uses software to enable a physical server to copy the hardware and computing capabilities of one or more servers, known as virtual servers. A server farm is a network of several servers together in a single location A mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful server that can support hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously Mainframes are costly than ordinary servers; Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or 3-5 posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Terminals A Terminal is a computer, usually with limited processing power, that enables users to send data to and/or receive information from a server, or host computer A Thin Client is a terminal that looks like a desktop but has limited capabilities and components. They cost less, easy to maintain, use less power and less susceptible to attacks than the desktops. Special Purpose Terminal perform tasks and features specially designed for use in an specific industry. Three widely used SP Terminals are : Point of Sale Terminal, ATM and Self Service Kiosks. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or 3-6 posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Terminals A point-of-sale (POS) terminal is a hardware system for processing card payments at retail locations. Software to read magnetic strips of credit and debit cards is embedded in the hardware. An ATM (automated teller machine) is a self-service banking terminal that connects to a host computer through a network. An ATM is a self-service banking terminal that allows customers to access their bank accounts. Using ATM you can withdraw, deposit, transfer and get account statement. A self-service kiosk is a freestanding terminal that usually has a touch screen for user interaction. User interacts with self service kiosk without any salesperson nearby. Many grocery stores offer self-service checkouts, where consumers use POS terminals to scan purchases, scan their store or saver card and coupons, and then pay for the goods. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or 3-7 posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Terminals A self-service kiosk is a freestanding terminal that usually has a touch screen for user interaction Table 3-2 Self-Service Kiosks Type Typical Services Provided Pay bills, add money to prepaid cards and phone plans, and Financial kiosk perform other financial activities. Print photos from digital images. Some allow editing of digital photos. Users may print Photo kiosk directly at the kiosk or may send an order to a photo lab to be printed. Print tickets. Located in airports, amusement parks, movie Ticket kiosk theaters, rental companies, and train stations. Dispense item after payment is received. Examples include Vending kiosk DVD rentals and license plate renewals. Visitor kiosk Manage Located in businesses, police stations, schools, and track visitors hospitals, and other areas where access is controlled or upon check-in. registration is required. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or 3-8 posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Supercomputers A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful compute and the most expensive computer. They are more expensive than Mainframes. – Capable of processing many trillions of instructions in a single second – Can store 20,000 times more data and information than an average desktop – They are employed for specialized applications that require big amount of mathematical calculations. – Some applications where supercomputers are used involve : Weather forecasting, Scientific simulations, graphics, nuclear research and analyzing geographical data Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or 3-9 posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Cloud Computing The term Cloud refers to a Network or Internet. In other words, we can say that Cloud is something, which is present at remote location. Cloud can provide services over network, i.e., on public networks , private networks, community network, hybrid cloud. PUBLIC CLOUD : The Public Cloud allows systems and services to be easily accessible to the general public. Public cloud may be less secure because of its openness, e.g., e-mail. PRIVATE CLOUD : The Private Cloud allows systems and services to be accessible within an organization. It offers increased security because of its private nature. COMMUNITY CLOUD : The Community Cloud allows systems and services to be accessible by group of organizations. HYBRID CLOUD : The Hybrid Cloud is mixture of public and private cloud. However, the critical activities are performed using private cloud while the non-critical activities are performed using public cloud. Cloud computing refers to an environment that provides resources and services accessed via the Internet. Cloud Computing refers to manipulating, configuring, and accessing the applications online. It offers online data storage, infrastructure, application access and Virtualization. Users access resources on the cloud through their Internet connections Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or 3-10 posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Mobile Devices 1. A smartphone is an Internet-capable phone that usually also includes a calendar, an address book, a calculator, a notepad, games, browser, and numerous other apps.  Many smartphones have touch screens. Instead of or in addition to an on-screen keyboard, some have a built-in mini keyboard on the front of the phone or a keyboard that slides in and out from behind the phone  Some features/functionality of smart phone : Bluetooth, Media player, cameras , Maps, data synchronization, wireless hotspot, SMS , MMS etc. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or 3-11 posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Features of Smart Phone (Continued)  Short Message Service (SMS)  Mobile to mobile  Mobile to email  Mobile to provider  Web to mobile  Multimedia Message Service (MMS) – Voice Mails  Mobile to mobile  Mobile to email Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or 3-12 posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Mobile Devices (continued) 2. A digital camera is a mobile device that allows users to take photos and store the photographed images digitally  Smart digital camera can communicate wirelessly to other devices and can include apps like a smart phone.  Point-and-shoot camera is light weight, less expensive camera that has a digital screen which displays the approximation of the image to be photographed. Lenses on point-and-shoot cameras are built into the device.  Single Lens Reflex (SLR) camera have long external interchangeable lenses and other attachments. It uses a mirror to display on its screen an exact replica of the image being photographed. A pixel is the smallest element in an electronic image. Resolution is the number of horizontal and vertical pixels in a display Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or 3-13 posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Mobile Devices Mobile Devices ( (continued) 3. A portable media player is a mobile device on which you can store, organize, and play or view digital media  They require ear buds which are small speakers resting inside ear 4. Digital Media Player or Digital Streaming Device: is a set-top box/external instrument that relays channels on your smart TV or any other digital device from a network. Digital Media Player Figure 3-19 Some portable media players have touch screens; others have touch-sensitive pads or buttons that enable Copyrightyou to access © 2018 your media Cengage Learning®. May library. not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or 3-14 posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  MobileDevices Mobile Devices( 9 of 10) (continued) 5. An e-book reader (short for electronic book reader), or e- reader, is a mobile device that is used primarily for reading e-books and other digital publications like news and magazines. Some have text to speech feature. Battery life is usually 72 hours. 6. A wearable device or wearable is a small, mobile computing device designed to be worn by a consumer. Three popular wearable devices include activity trackers, smart watches, and smart glasses. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or 3-15 posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Game Devices 7. A game console is a portable device designed for single-player or multiplayer video games 8. A handheld game device is a small mobile device that contains a screen, speakers, controls, and game console all in one unit. 9. Game controllers include gamepads, joysticks and wheels, dance pads, and a variety of motion- sensing controllers Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or 3-16 posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Embedded Computers An embedded computer is a special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product – Consumer electronics – Home automation devices – Automobiles – Process controllers and robotics – Computer devices and office machines Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or 3-17 posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Putting It All Together Table 3-3 Categories of Computers and Mobile Devices Number of Category Physical Size Simultaneously General Price Range Connected Users Personal computers Usually one (can be Several hundred to several Fits on a desk (desktop) more if networked) thousand dollars Less than a hundred Mobile computers and Fits on your lap or in Usually one dollars mobile devices your hand to several thousand dollars Small box or Several hundred dollars Game consoles One to several handheld device or less Small cabinet to roomful Several hundred to several Servers of equipment Two to thousands million dollars Half a million to several Supercomputers Full room of equipment Hundreds to thousands billion dollars Embedded in the price of Embedded computers Miniature Usually one the product Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or 3-18 posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Ports and Connections A port is the point at which a peripheral device attaches to or communicates with a computer or mobile device so that the peripheral device can send data to or receive information from the computer or mobile device, while connector joins a cable to a port. A connector at one end of a cable attaches to a port on the computer or mobile device, and a connector at the other end of the cable attaches to a port on the peripheral device A USB port, short for universal serial bus port, can connect up to 127 different peripheral devices together with a single connector. Docking stations often are used with tablets and other mobile computers, providing connections to peripheral devices. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or 3-19 posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Ports and Connections Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or 3-20 posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Ports and Connections Instead of connecting computers and mobile devices to peripheral devices with a cable, some peripheral devices use wireless communication technologies – Bluetooth – Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) – NFC (Near field communication) NFC, Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi are the wireless data transfer technologies. NFC is limited to a distance of (4 cm) while Bluetooth can reach over 30 feet and it is superior in this regard. Bluetooth requires the users to manually set up the connections between the smartphones and it takes several seconds. NFC connects automatically in a fraction of a second, so, it is faster, while the users should be close to each other. Wi-fi. allows you to connect to network-capable devices and share/retrieve data and resources. Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or 3-21 posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Protecting Hardware To help reduce the chances of theft, companies and schools use a variety of security measures – Physical access controls – Alarm system – Physical security devices – Security or device-tracking app – Require identification : fingerprint readers, Hardware can fail for a variety of reasons: aging hardware; random events such as electrical power problems; and even errors in programs or apps – Undervoltage – Overvoltage or power surge Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or 3-22 posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.  Preventing Hardware Failure A surge protector, also called a surge suppressor, uses electrical components to provide a stable current flow and minimize the chances of an overvoltage reaching the computer and other electronic equipment. Circuits inside a surge protector safeguard against electrical power variations. An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is a device that contains surge protection circuits and one or more batteries that can provide power during a temporary or permanent loss of power. UPS Copyright © 2018 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or 3-23 posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.