Lect 9 Cellular Internet Access 5G PDF

University of Science & Technology Faculty of Computer Science & Information Technology Department of information for communication and technology Mobile communications & wireless technology_ it 709 4year/sem 7 Tawffeeg Mohammed Tawfeeg 5G Archit...

University of Science & Technology Faculty of Computer Science & Information Technology Department of information for communication and technology Mobile communications & wireless technology_ it 709 4year/sem 7 Tawffeeg Mohammed Tawfeeg 5G Architecture 2  Overview of 5G Radio technologies have a rapid and multidirectional evolution with the launch of the analogue cellular systems in 1980s. Thereafter, digital wireless communication systems are consistently on a mission to fulfil the growing need of human beings (1G, …4G, or now 5G). This lecture describes the 5G technology emphasizing on its salient features, technological design (architecture), advantages, shortcomings, challenges, and future scope. 3  Salient Features of 5G 5th Generation Mobile Network or simply 5G is the forthcoming revolution of mobile technology. The features and its usability are much beyond the expectation of a normal human being. With its ultra-high speed, it is potential enough to change the meaning of a cell phone usability. 4 Salient Features of 5G 5 What is 5G Technology? The 5G technology is expected to provide a new (much wider than the previous one) frequency bands along with the wider spectral bandwidth per frequency channel. 6 How is 5G different from the previous one (especially 4G)? The answer is — it is not only the increase in bitrate made 5G distinct from the 4G, but rather 5G is also advanced in terms of − 1. Larger data volume per unit area (i.e. high system spectral efficiency). 2. High capacity to allow more devices connectivity concurrently and instantaneously 3. Lower battery consumption. 7 How is 5G different from the previous one (especially 4G)? 4. Better connectivity irrespective of the geographic region, in which you are 5. Larger number of supporting devices 6. Lower cost of infrastructural development 7. Higher reliability of the communications 8 Architecture of 5G Architecture of 5G is highly advanced; its network elements and various terminals are characteristically upgraded to afford a new situation. Likewise, service providers can implement the advance technology to adopt the value-added services easily. As shown in the following image, the system model of 5G is entirely IP based model designed for the wireless and mobile networks. 9 Architecture of 5G 10  Architecture of 5G The system comprising of a main user terminal and then a number of independent and autonomous radio access technologies. Each of the radio technologies is considered as the IP link for the outside internet world. The IP technology is designed exclusively to ensure sufficient control data for appropriate routing of IP packets related to a certain application connections i.e. sessions between client applications and servers somewhere on the Internet. 11  Advanced Features In comparison to previous radio technologies, 5G has following advancement − Practically possible to avail the super speed i.e. 1 to 10 Gbps. Latency will be 1 millisecond (end-to-end round trip). Feasibility to connect 10 to 100 number of devices. Worldwide coverage. About 90% reduction in network energy usage. Battery life will be much longer. Whole world will be in wi-fi zone. 12 Important Advantages There are several advantages of 5G technology, some of the advantages have been shown in the above Ericsson image, and many others are described below − High resolution and bi-directional large bandwidth shaping. Technology to gather all networks on one platform. More effective and efficient. Most likely, will provide a huge broadcasting data (in Gigabit), which will support more than 60,000 connections. 13 Important Advantages Easily manageable with the previous generations. Technological sound to support heterogeneous services (including private network). Possible to provide uniform, uninterrupted, and consistent connectivity across the world. 14 Disadvantages of 5G Technology Though, 5G technology is researched and conceptualized to solve all radio signal problems and hardship of mobile world, but because of some security reason and lack of technological advancement in most of the geographic regions, it has following shortcomings − Technology is still under process and research on its viability is going on. 15 Disadvantages of 5G Technology The speed, this technology is claiming seems difficult to achieve (in future, it might be) because of the incompetent technological support in most parts of the world. Many of the old devices would not be competent to 5G, hence, all of them need to be replaced with new one expensive deal. Developing infrastructure needs high cost. Security and privacy issue yet to be solved. 16 5G Challenges the common challenges that we observed are lack of infrastructure, research methodology, and cost. How far will 5G be viable? Will it be the technology of some of the developed countries or developing countries will also get benefit of this? To understand these questions, the challenges of 5G are categorized into the following two headings 1. Technological Challenges 2. Common Challenges 17 Technological Challenges Inter-cell Interference − This is one of the major technological issues that need to be solved. There is variations in size of traditional macro cells and concurrent small cells that will lead to interference. Efficient Medium Access Control − In a situation, where dense deployment of access points and user terminals are required, the user throughput will be low, latency will be high, and hotspots will not be competent to cellular technology to provide high throughput. It needs to be researched properly to optimize the technology. 18 Technological Challenges Traffic Management − In comparison to the traditional human to human traffic in cellular networks, a great number of Machine to Machine (M2M) devices in a cell may cause serious system challenges i.e. radio access network (RAN) challenges, which will cause overload and congestion. 19 Common Challenges Multiple Services − Unlike other radio signal services, 5G would have a huge task to offer services to heterogeneous networks, technologies, and devices operating in different geographic regions. So, the challenge is of standardization to provide dynamic, universal, user-centric, and data-rich wireless services to fulfil the high expectation of people. Infrastructure − Researchers are facing technological challenges of standardization and application of 5G services. 20 Common Challenges Communication, Navigation, & Sensing − These services largely depend upon the availability of radio spectrum, through which signals are transmitted. Though 5G technology has strong computational power to process the huge volume of data coming from different and distinct sources, but it needs larger infrastructure support. Security and Privacy − This is one of the most important challenges that 5G needs to ensure the protection of personal data. 5G will have to define the uncertainties related to security threats including trust, privacy, cybersecurity, which are growing across the globe. Legislation of Cyberlaw. 21 Thanks for attentions These slides are adapted from Computer Networking: A Top Down Approach Jim Kurose, Keith Ross Addison-Wesley March 2012 22