Introduction to Dentistry Lecture Notes PDF

Introduction to Dentistry Objectives  Interpret terminology used in dental field. Realize the structure of terms commonly used in dentistry. Clarify different oral structures, tooth tissues and surfaces. Define dental branches and specialties. Spot light on terms denoting common oral...

Introduction to Dentistry Objectives  Interpret terminology used in dental field. Realize the structure of terms commonly used in dentistry. Clarify different oral structures, tooth tissues and surfaces. Define dental branches and specialties. Spot light on terms denoting common oral diseases. Identify different systems of teeth numbering. Recognize instruments used in dental workplace. What is meant by dental terminology ?  The study of words and terms related specifically to dental science and their use.  Terms are formed by a combination of small words or syllables linked in a "building block" or word chain.  Specialized vocabulary used in the field of dentistry to describe various dental conditions, procedures, instruments, and oral health concepts.  Terms related to tooth anatomy, oral diseases, dental treatments, diagnostic procedures, and dental materials. Every science has its own unique terminology. Words refer to the proximity or nearness to anatomical structures, originate from the names of bones or structures, / the names of dental procedures or practical approaches. Acronyms are listed along with other abbreviations representing a combination of word pieces, or initials that can indicate an occupation, specialty, procedure, condition, or chemical. Acronyms or abbreviations to shorten words must be Used With Care because many abbreviations are Not Universal. imp in general dentistry charting may indicate an impression, BUT an oral surgeon's office may use imp to designate an impaction. Homonyms words are very similar in sound and spelling, but have different meaning. These may cause confusion and alter meaning.  Homonym Dye Die Die: tooth or bridge pattern used in prosthodontic dentistry. Dye: coloring material.  Homonym Auxiliary Axillary Auxiliary: helping subsidiary, such as a dental assistant. Axillary: underarm site; may be used to obtain body temperature.  Homonym Facial: pertaining to (a) the face; (b) front surface of incisor tooth. Fascial: pertaining to the fibrous membrane muscles.  Homonym Suture: line where two bones unite Suture: closing wound Eponyms; dental terminology denotes the person who developed the procedure, discovered the anatomical area, designed the instrument, named the disease, and the like. Examples are Sharpey's Fibers, Bass technique or Black’s classification. Why do you study dental terminology ?  Analyzes the different components of a word to understand their meaning and function.  Provides dental professionals with a comprehensive understanding of dental terminology to effectively communicate with colleagues.  Allows clear and precise communication within the dental community and ensures accurate documentation of patient records.  What is the structure of a word? Word Prefix Root Suffix A Prefix qualifies the word by indicating things as quantity, color, size, condition, or location. A word may or may not have a prefix.  Quantity Prefix Meaning Example Bi Two Bifurcation /Double Tri Three Trifurcation Hemi Half Hemisection Mono One Monomer Poly Many Polymer  Color Prefix Meaning Example Albus White Albumen Chlor- /o Green Chlorophyll Erythr -/o Red Erythrocyte Melan-/ o Black Melanoma  Size Prefix Meaning Example Hyper Over / Hypertension excess Hypertrophy Hypo Under/ Hypotension below Macro Large Macrodontia Micro Small/ Microdontia minute Pan All Panoramic around Ultra Extreme Ultrasonic  Condition or Location Prefix Meaning Example Ecto Outside Ectopic Endo- Within Endodontic Ortho Straight Orthodontic Ex/ o- Out Excretion Infra Below Infraorbital Pre Before Premolar Retro Behind Retromolar Anti Opposite Antiseptic to Mal Bad Malocclusion  23 Prefix Meaning Example A, an Without Anodontia Un Non/ not Unerupted brad low Bradycardia Tachy Fast Tachycardia Neo New Neoplasm Contra Against Contrangle In Not Insoluble Intra inside Intracoronal Extra Outside Extracoronal A Root provides the basic foundation for the word. A dental term may have more than one root. When two roots are combined, a combining vowel (usually o) is used to connect them. Temporal bone Frontal bone Nasal Maxilla cavity Premaxilla Mandible Molar A Suffix is sometimes added to a root (s) to qualify or describe the meaning. The combining vowel (O) placed after the root is not used when the suffix itself begins with a vowel.  Suffix Meaning Example -algia Pain Odontalgia -cide Kill Germicide -cyte Cell Osteocyte -ectomy Surgical Apecectomy removal pulpectomy -gnosis Knowledge Diagnosis -ology Study Biology -oma Tumor Carcinoma -opsy View Biopsy -phobia Fear Claustrophobia -plasty Surgical Gigivoplasty repair THANK YOU