OSU Laboratory Safety and Apparatus PDF

Fact Sheet ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH & SAFETY Lab Caution Sign & Notice Sign General...

Fact Sheet ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH & SAFETY Lab Caution Sign & Notice Sign General A standardized lab caution sign has been established at OSU; its purpose is to warn employees and visitors entering laboratories and other hazardous areas. The notice sign is to notify employees and visitors that the space is a lab or shop but lack any safety or health hazards, such as hazards you would typically associate with a lab. A sign is required (sample depicted below) at each main entrance to: o Laboratory rooms or complexes, teaching labs, shops, and workrooms with materials not commonly found in an office environment. A sign is not required in: o Offices, break rooms, general purpose classrooms, rest rooms, or food prep areas. Signs are generated by EH&S. However, personnel responsible for the hazardous area (i.e. PIs, Lab and Shop Managers) are responsible for providing EH&S with current and accurate information via the ONID accessed Lab Caution Sign Request. Sign Components Hazard Warning Icons A hazard warning icon is required for each piece of equipment or material stored or used at or above the amounts listed in the following Hazard Warning Icon Definitions section. Restricted Area Icon A restricted area icon is required for all labs with an active permit (i.e. laser permit, radiation permit, chemical/inventory permit, biosafety level-2 permit, carcinogen permit, etc.) or for any spaces where you must be granted access beforehand to enter. No Food or Drink Icon A no food or drink icon is required for all labs with an active permit (i.e. laser permit, radiation permit, chemical/inventory permit, biosafety level-2 permit, carcinogen permit, etc.). Emergency Contact Information This information assists EH&S in the event of an emergency and may help to save your research and/or equipment. Include the names of the individual(s) responsible for the space. Contact EHS: www.ehs.oregonstate.edu [email protected] 541 737 2273 Page 1 of 4 Revised 06/2016 Hazard Warning Icon Definitions Biohazard The room contains a biological agent, capable of self-replication, which presents or may present a hazard to the health or well-being of humans. The agent is a human blood borne pathogen or work with the agent has been assigned to be handled in a Biosafety Level (BSL) 2 or , BSL-3 , or BSL-4 laboratory based on the guidelines established in the CDC / NIH book "Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories". The name of the agent(s) may be entered on the hazard sticker if lab is a BSL-2 lab or higher _____________________________________________________________________________________ Plant Materials Researchers have an IBC protocol that specifies BL1-P or BL2-P containment. Researchers that work with transgenic plants. Main species are Arabidopsis thaliana, tobacco maize, tomato, and grapevine. These are not necessary to the only types of plants in use. BL1-P BL2-P Researchers who work with non-exotic plant pathogens Researchers who have USDA / APHIS / PPQ transport or import permits. _____________________________________________________________________________________ Carcinogen The room contains any amount of High or Extreme hazard chemical carcinogens as described by the University's Chemical Carcinogen Safety Program. o Examples: Arsenic, Chloromethyl methyl ether, Ethylene oxide, Cadmium, 1,3-Butadiene, Beryllium, Dimethyl sulfate, Tetramethyllead, Lead chromate, Azathioprine and Erionite _____________________________________________________________________________________ Chemical Use/Chemical Storage Chemicals are used or stored in the room; this symbol is typically used in conjunction with one of the smaller hazard warning icons. _____________________________________________________________________________________ Corrosive Material The room contains 1 gallon (liquid) / 1 pound (solid) or more of corrosive materials in one or more containers A corrosive material is defined as a solid caustic substance or a liquid which has a 2 < pH < 12. _____________________________________________________________________________________ Cryogenics The room contains 4 liters or more of cryogenic liquids Cryogenic materials are liquefied gases that are kept in their liquid state at very low temperatures. These liquids have boiling points below -238°F (-150°C). o Examples Liquid nitrogen Page 2 of 4 Revised 06/2016  _____________________________________________________________________________________ Flammable Gas The room contains 100 cubic feet or more (at STP) of a flammable gas in one or more containers. A flammable gas is defined as any gas that has a flash point below 100 °F (37.8 °C) with a container pressure of 40 psig at 100 °F. o Example: A compressed gas cylinder of Helium or Argon _____________________________________________________________________________________ Flammable Liquids Room contains 1 gallon or more of flammable liquids in one or more containers. If the control room contains 10 gallons or more of flammable liquids, then a flammable cabinet is needed to store the flammables. A flammable liquid is defined as any liquid that has a flash point below 100 degrees Fahrenheit (°F) or 37.8 degrees Centigrade (°C). oExample: Acetaldehyde, Isopropanol, Ethyl chloride, Acetone, Benzene, Petroleum ether, Ethyl acetate, Xylene, Ethanol, and gasoline. _____________________________________________________________________________________ Inert Gas The room contains 100 cubic feet or more (at STP) of an inert gas in one or more containers. An inert gas is a gas which does not undergo chemical reactions under a set of given conditions (generally is non-reactive with other substances). o Example: A compressed gas cylinder of Helium or Argon _____________________________________________________________________________________ Laser Light The room contains class 3B or 4 lasers as defined by ANSI Standard Z136.1. Class 3B or 4 lasers should be noted; some Class 3B and all Class 4 laser installations emit power exceeding 0.5 W also require a special sign issued by EH&S. Notify the LSO when using this sign. _____________________________________________________________________________________ Magnetic Field The room contains any sources that produce magnetic fields of 0.5mT or greater (for both static fields and time varying fields over 30kHz) A magnetic field is the magnetic effect of electric currents and magnetic materials. Magnetic fields result from the flow of current through wires or electrical devices. oExamples of sources: Magnetic Resonance Imagining (MRI) machines, electrical wiring (such as power lines) _____________________________________________________________________________________ Nanomaterials The rooms contain unbound (not affixed to a surface or imbedded in a matrix) engineered nanomaterials that may pose occupational health risks by means of inhalation, ingestion or dermal exposure. Nanoparticles are defined as a material with at least one dimension, ranging between 1 to 100 nanometers in size. _____________________________________________________________________________________ Page 3 of 4 Revised 06/2016  Oxidizing Material The room contains 1 pound or more of any class of oxidizers. An oxidizer is defined as a substance that will cause any increase in the burning rate of a combustible material. o Examples: Bromine trifluoride, Perchloric acid, Chromic acid, Nitric acid. More than 100 cubic feet (at STP) of an oxidizing compressed gas. o Examples: Oxygen, Oxides of Nitrogen. _____________________________________________________________________________________ Radioactive Material The room contains any amount of radioactive material. Use of this sign must be approved by the Radiation Safety group. X-Ray Equipment The room contains a machine which produces X-Ray radiation. Use of this sign must be approved by the Radiation Safety group. _____________________________________________________________________________________ Recombinant DNA If the lab contains any work involving recombinant DNA. A biohazard symbol will accompany this symbol. ___________________________________________________________________________________ Toxic Gas The room contains any amount of a toxic gas (inhalation 200 < LC50 < 2000 ppm) or highly toxic gas (inhalation LC50 < 200 ppm). o Examples (toxic gas): Cyanogen, Germane, Nitric oxide, Hydrogen sulfide. Examples (highly toxic gas): Arsine, Boron trifluoride, Chlorine, Hydrogen cyanide, Hydrogen o selenide, Fluorine, Nitrogen dioxide. ___________________________________________________________________________________ Toxic Materials The room contains 1 pound or more of toxic chemicals. A toxic chemical is a substance with an oral LD50 of less than 50 mg/kg or skin toxicity of less than 200 mg/kg. o Example: Acrylamide, Chloroform, Phenol, Methylene chloride, Ethylene oxide, Sulfur dioxide, Benzene, Methanol, and Sodium Hydroxide. __________________________________________________________________________________ Ultraviolet Light The room contains a machine that produces any amount of Ultraviolet light. UV light is an electromagnetic spectrum that falls between visible light with wavelengths of 400 nanometers and x-rays at 4 nm and below. ___________________________________________________________________________________ Page 4 of 4 Revised 06/2016 TUPT-BASD-CHEMISTRY Chemistry for Engineers Laboratory Manual 2022 Laboratory Glassware, Equipment and Apparatus Balance Used for general laboratory weighing. Common types are triple beam balance, double-pan or trip balance, top-loading balance and analytical balance. Beaker Thin-walled vessel made of glass used to dissolve, mix, heat liquids and carry out chemical reactions on a large scale. Common sizes are 50 mL, 100 mL, 250 mL, 400 mL and 600 mL. Brush Bristles with wire handle used for cleaning laboratory glassware. Common types are test tube brush and burette brush. Burette Graduated glass tube provided with a stopcock for controlling the outflow of liquids used for delivering liquid reagents. There are two kinds – acid burette and base burette. The acid burette is provided with a glass stopcock for controlling the outflow of acid reagent. The base burette is provided with a rubber tubing controlled by a spring-type clamp or a plastic stopcock for regulating the base outflow. Burner Made up of alloy of aluminum, iron or zinc, used as source of heat. Common types are the Bunsen burner and the tirrill burner. Clamp Made of metals generally used for support of laboratory apparatus. Common types are burette clamp, ring clamp or iron ring, test tube clamp or test tube holder and spring-type clamp or pinchcock. The burette clamp is fastened to an iron stand to hold burette in place during titration. The ring clamp or iron ring is used to support the wire gauze and beaker/flask during heating. The test tube clamp or test tube holder is used to hold test tube safely while it is being heated or when a corrosive reagent is being added. The spring- type clamp or pinchcock is used to pinch the4 rubber tubing in a base burette to control liquid flow. Condenser Made of glass used in distillation procedures. Cork borer Made of brass with center plug punch of different sizes. It is used to bore holes in a cork stopper. Crucible and Thin-walled porcelain vessel used in high temperature ignition of cover samples in chemical analysis. Desiccator Usually made of glass, the bottom of which is partially filled with a desiccant (e.g., anhydrous calcium chloride). It is used to keep an object dry and protected from dust prior to weighing. It also permits a heated crucible or dish and its contents to be cooled in an atmosphere relatively free from moisture and thus prevent the absorption of moisture on the container or absorption of moisture by its contents. Dish Made of porcelain or glass. Common types are evaporating dish and Petri dish or culture dish. The evaporating dish is a porcelain or glass dish with a heavy rim and pouring spout used to evaporate liquids. The petri dish or culture dish is made up of a bottom container and a cover for bacteriological purposes 5 TUPT-BASD-CHEMISTRY Chemistry for Engineers Laboratory Manual 2022 Funnel Made of soft glass or plastic which may be long-stemmed, short- stemmed or stemless with a mouth diameter of 30 0 or 600. It is used as support for filter paper during filtration process and to facilitate the introduction of liquids into narrow-mouthed glassware with very little spilling. Flask Made of glass which can withstand thermal shock and chemical attack. Generally used as a reaction vessel and sometimes as a gas generator, as a container to hold liquids which are to be heated, and as storage vessel of reagents. Common types are Erlenmeyer flask, Florence flask, distilling flask and volumetric flask. The Erlenmeyer flask is a plain or graduated open flask for titration and heating purposes and as a reaction vessel. The Florence flask is a flat bottom round shaped flask usually used in preparing, heating and storing solutions/reagents. The distilling flask is a round bottom flask with short or long side neck used for distillation procedures. The volumetric flask is a flat bottomed and pear- shaped flask with a long neck having an etched ring around it to indicate the point to which the flask must be filled to its rated volume at a given temperature; used to measure accurate volumes of liquids. Graduated Glass or plastic cylinder closed at one end and calibrated in cylinder milliliters (mL) used to measure out required volumes of liquids. Common sizes are 10 mL, 25 mL, 50 mL and 100 mL. Iron stand Metal rod fixed upright on a heavy metal. It is used to mount apparatus. Mortar and Made of porcelain or agate used to grind solids to powder form. pestle Pipette Made of glass used to transfer/deliver a measured amount of liquid reagents. Common types are graduated or measuring pipette, transfer or volumetric pipette and dropper pipette. The graduated or measuring pipette is a long graduated tube; available from 0.2 to 50 mL, the divisions on the scale vary with the capacity of the pipette. The transfer or volumetric pipette is a long tube with a bulb in the center and an etched ring mark above the bulb; available in sizes from 0.5 to 200 mL. When filled to the etched mark, the pipette contains the indicated volume of the liquid. The dropper pipette has a glass tip with a rubber bulb and is used to transfer a small volume of liquid. Pipette pump Made of plastic or squeezable rubber. It fits over end of pipette to or pipette permit safe and easy filling of pipette containing toxic or corrosive filler liquids. Pycnometer A calibrated-volume ground glass fitting with closure and thermometer. It is used to measure the specific gravity of liquids. Reagent Made of clear glass or amber glass, either wide-mouthed or narrow bottle mouthed, fitted with a glass or propylene dust-proof stopper. It is used as storage of liquid and solid chemicals and samples. 6 TUPT-BASD-CHEMISTRY Chemistry for Engineers Laboratory Manual 2022 Rubber A rubber flattened end piece of tubing used to remove traces of policeman solids from containers and to speed up solutions of solids in liquids when used as a mixer. Safety Made of plastic or glass used for protection against flying objects goggles and corrosive fumes and liquids. Spatula Made of porcelain or metal used to transfer solid chemicals. Stirring rod Solid stick of glass of varied diameters (from 2 to 38 mm) used for or glass rod stirring solutions or as an aid in pouring liquids from one vessel into another. Stopper Made of rubber or cork in various sizes. It is used as covers for reagent bottles, flasks and test tubes. Test tube Made of heat and chemically resistant borosilicate glass in variety of sizes, capacities, with or without rims. It is used as a reaction vessel for experiments involving small amounts of reactants, to mix, dissolve and hold liquids or solids to be heated, and to collect gases in place of a gas collection bottle. Test tube Made either of wood or metal used to support the test tubes during rack an experiment or during drying. Thermometer Made of glass calibrated in the Celsius scale, may be mercury-filled or alcohol (red-dyed) filled. It is used to measure the temperature of substances. Tongs Made of iron or nickel used to hold/handle laboratory apparatus. Common types are beaker tongs (to hold/carry hot beakers), crucible tongs (to hold/carry hot crucibles and evaporating dishes) and flask tongs (to hold/carry hot flasks). Triangular Made of hard steel used to smooth rough glass and to cut glass. file Tripod Made of cast iron in various sizes and heights with concentric rings to reduce size of opening. It is used to support containers being heated with a burner flame. Vernier Made of stainless steel used to measure accurately linear caliper dimensions (inside, outside and depth measures). It has a metric scale graduated to 130 mm with vernier reading to 0.1 mm. Wash bottle Made of squeezable plastic bottle used to dispense/deliver a small quantity of distilled water, or to wash precipitates. Watch glass A Shallow, soft glass dish used to cover a beaker or an evaporating dish. Wing top or Made of metal usually placed over a gas burner to spread the flame fish tail when glass tubings are to be heated or bent. Wire gauze Plain or asbestos-centered wire used to protect glassware while being heated in a burner flame. 7