Lab 1: General Introduction and Ordinary Microscope PDF

College of Medical and Health Technologies Department: Medical Laboratory Technology Subject: Laboratory Instruments Stage:1st Lab:1 Lecturer: HAWRAA ABDULRIDHA. GENERAL INTRODUCTION AND ORDINARY MICROSCOPE Laboratory instrument : is a general term for all types of instruments, vessels,...

College of Medical and Health Technologies Department: Medical Laboratory Technology Subject: Laboratory Instruments Stage:1st Lab:1 Lecturer: HAWRAA ABDULRIDHA. GENERAL INTRODUCTION AND ORDINARY MICROSCOPE Laboratory instrument : is a general term for all types of instruments, vessels, and other tools needed for operations in laboratories. Analytical lab instruments included a wide range of instrumentation whose principle purpose is to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze samples. Most devices: are expensive and sensitive and are affected by the environment such as heat and humidity, so it must be maintained, Periodically clean and maintain them also calibration for each device to ensure the sensitivity of the device to obtain accurate results. The instrument must have a long life and provide safety for the user. Laboratory: a room or building are equipped with instruments , tools, material &other items using for tests , experiments ,analysis & for teaching, or a place where chemicals or medicines are produced The laboratory contains: Bench and Locker for storing materials also the tools and instruments in the laboratory vary according to the purpose of the laboratory such as microbiology lab, physiology lab, immunology lab, human biology lab, histology, anatomy lab, chemistry lab and genetics laboratory ,each laboratory contains special instruments that we study in detail. Types of samples used : 1.Blood 2.Urine 3.Stool 4.Semen 5.Other body fluids, including sweat, saliva, and cerebrospinal fluid. Clinical Laboratory Instrumentation : 1.Responsible for analyzing patient specimens to provide information. 2.To aid in diagnosis of disease. 3.To evaluate effectiveness of therapy. Role of medical laboratory services : The medical laboratory services play a pivotal role in the promotion, curative and preventive aspects of a nation’s health delivery system. The service gives a scientific foundation by providing accurate information to those with the responsibility for: 1. Treating patients and monitoring their response to treatment, Monitoring the development and spread of infectious and dangerous pathogens (disease causing organisms). 2. Deciding effective control measures against major prevalent Disease. 3. Deciding health priorities and allocating resources.  MICROSCOPE Microscope : is a laboratory instrument used to examine objects that are too small to be seen by the naked eye Microscopy : is the science of investigating small objects and structures using a microscope. TYPES OF MICROSCOPES : There are many types of microscopes, and they may be grouped in different ways. One way is to describe the method an instrument uses to interact with a sample and produce images, either by sending a beam of light or electrons through a sample in its optical path by detecting photon emissions from a sample, or by scanning across and a short distance from the surface of a sample using a probe. The most common microscope (and the first to be invented): optical microscope: which uses lenses to refract visible light that passed through a thinly sectioned sample to produce an observable image. Other major types of microscopes: fluorescence microscope. electron microscope. (both the Transmission electron microscope and Scanning electron microscope and various types of Scanning probe microscopes )