L9 QS BANK, BMS201.pdf

Part Two: Complex MCQs 1. A patient with chronic kidney disease presents with anemia. Which of the following treatments would be most appropriate for this patient? a) Oral iron supplements b) Vitamin B12 injections c) Erythropoietin (EPO) injections d) Folic acid supplements 2. A patient with iro...

Part Two: Complex MCQs 1. A patient with chronic kidney disease presents with anemia. Which of the following treatments would be most appropriate for this patient? a) Oral iron supplements b) Vitamin B12 injections c) Erythropoietin (EPO) injections d) Folic acid supplements 2. A patient with iron deficiency anemia is prescribed ferrous sulfate. Which of the following adverse effects is most likely to occur? a) Hypertension b) Constipation c) Seizures d) Anaphylaxis 3. A patient is receiving iron dextran injections for severe iron deficiency anemia. Which of the following precautions should be taken during administration? a) Administer the injection rapidly to avoid tissue staining b) Give a test dose and observe for allergic reactions c) Avoid co-administration with vitamin C d) Monitor for hypotension 4. A child accidentally ingests a large number of iron tablets. What is the most appropriate initial treatment? a) Administer activated charcoal b) Induce vomiting c) Perform gastric lavage with a phosphate or carbonate solution d) Observe for symptoms and treat if they occur 5. Which of the following drugs can decrease the absorption of oral iron supplements? a) Antacids b) Vitamin C c) Orange juice d) Meat products 6. A patient with pernicious anemia requires lifelong treatment with which of the following? a) Oral iron supplements b) Vitamin B12 injections c) Folic acid supplements d) Erythropoietin injections 7. Which of the following drugs can impair the absorption of vitamin B12? a) Metformin b) Cimetidine c) Aspirin d) Penicillin 8. A patient is taking methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis. Which vitamin supplement should be given to prevent potential toxicity? a) Vitamin A b) Vitamin B12 c) Vitamin C d) Folic acid 9. Which of the following is NOT a potential adverse effect of erythropoietin (EPO) therapy? a) Hypertension b) Increased blood viscosity c) Hypotension d) Seizures 10. A patient with chronic renal failure on EPO therapy develops iron deficiency. What is the most likely explanation? a) EPO directly inhibits iron absorption b) The increased red blood cell production depletes iron stores c) EPO interferes with the action of transferrin d) The patient's diet is deficient in iron 11. Which of the following statements is true regarding the treatment of iron deficiency anemia? a) Parenteral iron therapy is always preferred over oral iron therapy b) Iron therapy should be discontinued once hemoglobin levels return to normal c) Black stools are a common side effect of oral iron therapy and do not require discontinuation d) Iron therapy should be accompanied by a diet low in iron to avoid toxicity 12. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of megaloblastic anemia? a) Microcytic, hypochromic red blood cells b) Macrocytic, normochromic red blood cells c) Normal red blood cell morphology d) Decreased reticulocyte count 13. In the treatment of megaloblastic anemia, why is it important to address vitamin B12 deficiency before folic acid deficiency? a) Folic acid can mask the neurological symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency b) Vitamin B12 is essential for folic acid absorption c) Folic acid supplementation can worsen vitamin B12 deficiency d) There is no specific order in which these deficiencies need to be addressed 14. Which of the following statements is true regarding folic acid? a) It is primarily stored in the liver b) Its deficiency can lead to neural tube defects in the fetus c) It is toxic in high doses d) It is not essential for DNA synthesis 15. Which of the following drug classes can decrease the absorption of folic acid? a) Antibiotics b) Oral contraceptives c) Antihypertensives d) Statins Answer Guide Part Two 1. c 2. b 3. b 4. c 5. a 6. b 7. b 8. d 9. c 10. b 11. c 12. b 13. a 14. b 15. B Part One: Simple MCQs 1. Which of the following is the most common adverse effect of oral iron therapy? a) Anaphylactoid reaction b) GIT upset c) Hypertension d) Tissue staining 2. Which of the following conditions is an indication for parenteral iron administration? a) Mild iron deficiency anemia b) Inability to tolerate oral iron c) Dietary iron deficiency d) Pregnancy 3. What is the primary function of erythropoietin (EPO)? a) Stimulates iron absorption b) Promotes red blood cell production c) Increases blood viscosity d) Regulates blood pressure 4. Which vitamin is essential for the conversion of dihydrofolic acid into its active form? a) Vitamin B12 b) Vitamin C c) Vitamin D d) Vitamin K 5. What type of anemia is associated with chronic renal failure? a) Iron-deficiency anemia b) Megaloblastic anemia c) Red cell deficiency anemia d) Pernicious anemia 6. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of iron deficiency anemia? a) Macrocytic red blood cells b) Increased ferritin levels c) Microcytic, hypochromic red blood cells d) Normal hemoglobin levels 7. What is the recommended treatment for pernicious anemia? a) Oral iron supplements b) Folic acid supplements c) Vitamin B12 injections d) Erythropoietin injections 8. Which drug can decrease the absorption of iron by increasing gastric pH?  a) Vitamin C b) Antacids c) Ferrous sulfate d) Ascorbic acid 9. Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of erythropoietin therapy? a) Hypotension b) Decreased blood viscosity c) Iron deficiency d) Megaloblastic anemia 10. What is the main cause of megaloblastic anemia? a) Iron deficiency b) Vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency c) Chronic blood loss d) Erythropoietin deficiency Part Two: Complex MCQs 1. A 30-year-old pregnant woman presents with fatigue and pallor. Her blood tests reveal microcytic, hypochromic anemia. Which of the following is the most likely cause and appropriate treatment for her condition? a) Vitamin B12 deficiency; Vitamin B12 injections b) Iron deficiency; Oral iron supplements c) Folic acid deficiency; Folic acid supplements  d) Chronic renal failure; Erythropoietin injections 2. A 55-year-old man with a history of heavy alcohol use presents with numbness and tingling in his hands and feet, along with macrocytic anemia. Which of the following deficiencies is most likely contributing to his neurological symptoms? a) Iron deficiency b) Vitamin B12 deficiency c) Folic acid deficiency d) Erythropoietin deficiency 3. A 40-year-old woman with a history of gastrectomy presents with fatigue, shortness of breath, and a smooth, red tongue. Blood tests show macrocytic anemia. Which of the following is the most appropriate long-term treatment for her condition? a) Oral iron supplements b) Folic acid supplements c) Vitamin B12 injections d) Erythropoietin injections 4. A 60-year-old man with chronic kidney disease develops anemia. His iron levels are normal. Which of the following medications would be most effective in treating his anemia? a) Oral iron supplements b) Folic acid supplements c) Vitamin B12 injections  d) Erythropoietin injections 5. A patient is taking oral iron supplements for iron-deficiency anemia. Which of the following medications should be avoided or taken at a different time due to potential drug interactions? a) Antacids b) Vitamin C c) Folic acid d) Erythropoietin 6. A patient with hemochromatosis, a condition characterized by excessive iron absorption, is at risk for which of the following complications? a) Iron-deficiency anemia b) Megaloblastic anemia c) Liver damage d) Neurological symptoms 7. A patient is being treated with methotrexate, an antifolate drug, for cancer. Which of the following supplements is often given to prevent potential side effects of methotrexate therapy? a) Iron supplements b) Vitamin B12 supplements c) Folic acid supplements d) Erythropoietin injections 8. Which of the following statements is true regarding the absorption of iron? a) Antacids increase iron absorption b) Vitamin C decreases iron absorption c) Iron absorption is enhanced in the presence of gastric HCl d) Tetracyclines facilitate iron absorption 9. A patient presents with acute iron toxicity after accidentally ingesting a large number of iron tablets. Which of the following treatments would be most appropriate in this emergency situation? a) Oral iron chelation therapy b) Gastric lavage with phosphate solutions c) Vitamin B12 injections d) Erythropoietin injections 10. Which of the following statements is true regarding chronic iron toxicity? a) It is often caused by iron deficiency. b) It can lead to excess iron deposition in organs like the liver and pancreas c) Phlebotomy is contraindicated in its treatment d) It primarily affects the nervous system 11. A patient with pernicious anemia experiences neurological symptoms. Which of the following explains the link between pernicious anemia and neurological manifestations? a) Vitamin B12 deficiency affects DNA synthesis, impacting nerve cell function  b) Iron deficiency directly damages nerve cells c) Folic acid deficiency impairs neurotransmitter production d) Erythropoietin deficiency leads to nerve cell hypoxia 12. A patient with a history of peptic ulcer disease is diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia. Which of the following factors might have contributed to their anemia? a) Increased iron absorption due to gastric HCl b) Chronic blood loss from the ulcer c) Excessive intake of Vitamin C d) Decreased iron requirement 13. Which of the following laboratory findings would be consistent with iron deficiency anemia? a) High ferritin levels b) Low transferrin saturation c) Macrocytic red blood cells d) Increased hemoglobin levels 14. A patient is prescribed erythropoietin injections for anemia associated with chronic renal failure. Which of the following parameters should be closely monitored during therapy? a) Blood pressure b) Serum ferritin levels c) Vitamin B12 levels  d) All of the above 15. Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding folic acid? a) It is essential for DNA synthesis b) It is absorbed in the small intestine c) Its deficiency can lead to neural tube defects in the fetus d) It requires intrinsic factor for absorption Answer Guide Part One 1. b) 2. b) 3. b) 4. a) 5. c) 6. c) 7. c) 8. b) 9. c) 10. b) Part Two 1. b) 2. b)  3. c) 4. d) 5. a) 6. c) 7. c) 8. c) 9. b) 10. b) 11. a) 12. b) 13. b) 14. d) 15. d) Done