Cell Specialization L4 PDF
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This document provides information on cell specialization, defining it as the process where generic cells change into different types of cells to perform specific functions. The document also describes different types of cells in animals and plants, like red blood cells, nerve cells, and guard cells, detailing their functions and characteristics.
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CELL SPECIALIZATION ❑Also known as Cell Differentiation ❑It is the process by which generic cells change to different types of cells to be able to perform special or specific functions. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_differentiation SPECIALIZED CELLS IN ANIMALS...
CELL SPECIALIZATION ❑Also known as Cell Differentiation ❑It is the process by which generic cells change to different types of cells to be able to perform special or specific functions. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_differentiation SPECIALIZED CELLS IN ANIMALS Function: It carry oxygen throughout the body Characteristics: No nucleus, biconcave shape, Red Blood Cell contains SPECIALIZED CELLS IN ANIMALS Function: It play an important role in the immune system Characteristics: Irregular shape White Blood Cell Can produce antibodies and SPECIALIZED CELLS IN ANIMALS Function: Fertilize an egg cell Characteristics: Long tail to swim Numerous mitochondria Sperm Cell With chemicals on the head for egg cell entry SPECIALIZED CELLS IN ANIMALS Function: Carries genetic material Characteristics: Large and bulky A chemical change in Egg cell the membrane prevents fertilization of more than one sperm SPECIALIZED CELLS IN ANIMALS Function: Carry nerve impulses through body Characteristics: Long, thin axon Branching dendrites Nerve cell myelinated or neuron SPECIALIZED CELLS IN ANIMALS Function: Facilitate movement Characteristics: Elongated and elastic Numerous mitochondria Muscle cell SPECIALIZED CELLS IN PLANTS Function: Regulates rate of transpiration Characteristics: Cell wall has varying Guard cell thickness SPECIALIZED CELLS IN PLANTS Function: Produces food through the process of photosynthesis Characteristics: Contains numerous of Photosynthetic chloroplasts cells CELL MODIFICATIONS ❑adaptation or changes acquired by the cell after the cell division that aids the cell in various beneficial ways. CILIA Hair-like structures extending from the cell surface. Types of Cilia Non-motile- or Primary cilia (sensory) Motile (movement) mucosal lining of the fallopian tube FLAGELLA ✔ FLAGELLA Long whip-like structures For locomotion VILLI or MICROVILLI -small, slender, finger-like projections -increases surface area to increase absorption STEREOCILIA -non-motile modified microvilli -Found: ears (cochlea) male reproductive part PSEUDOPODS -”false feet” -temporary extension of the cytoplasm -movement and ingestion
