Introduction to Ethics and Professionalism (2) - PDF

FACULTY OF DENTISTRY – Fostering A Balanced Professional in Dentistry ِ ‫ر‬% ‫ن اا‬...

FACULTY OF DENTISTRY – Fostering A Balanced Professional in Dentistry ِ ‫ر‬% ‫ن اا‬ ‫حيم‬ ِ َ‫رحْ م‬% ‫ِســــــــــــــــــم ِ اﷲِال‬ ْ ‫ب‬ Al-fathihah In the name of Allah, the most beneficent, the most merciful May peace, mercy, and blessings ‫الرحۡ ٰم ِن‬ ' ِ+‫سم ِ ا‬ ۡ ‫ِب‬ ِ ‫الر‬ of Allah be with you ‫ب‬ / ‫ِٰ َر‬/+ ‫ۡحمۡ ُد‬ َ ‫﴾ اَل‬1:1﴿ ِ ‫حيۡم‬ ' ‫الرحۡ ٰم ِن‬ ِ َۙ ۡ ‫ا ۡل ٰع َلم‬ ' ﴾1:2﴿ 8 Behavioural Science and Oral Health ِ ‫﴾ ٰملِ ِك يَ ۡوم‬1:3﴿ ‫حيۡ ِۙم‬ ِ ‫الر‬ ' َ‫اك نَ ۡعبُ ُد َو ِاي'اك‬ َ '‫﴾ ِاي‬1:4﴿ ‫دي ِ ؕۡن‬/ ‫ال‬ ‫ط‬ َ ‫الص َرا‬ / ‫﴾ ِاه ِۡدنَا‬1:5﴿ 8 ُؕ ۡ ‫ست َ ِع‬ ۡ َ‫ن‬ “Every praise be to Him, ‫ط ا 'ل ِذيۡ َن‬ َ ‫ص َرا‬ ِ ﴾1:6﴿ َ‫ ُۡست َ ِقيۡ ۙم‬M‫ۡا‬ to Whom all praise is ‫اَنۡ َعمۡ تَ َع َليۡ ِه ۡم‬ ُ ‫َغ‬M‫َغيۡ ِر ۡا‬ ِ ‫ۡضو‬ ۙ‫ۡب‬ due! And blessings and `peace be upon the َ ۡ ‫ل‬/ ‫الضآ‬ 8 ' Uَ ‫َع َليۡ ِه ۡم َو‬ 1:7﴿ ﴾ compassionate Prophet, and upon his Family and Rabbish rahli sadri, his Companions and wa yassirli amri, wah upon all his true lul uqdatan min Followers after them!”. lisaani, yaf kahu kauli ”O my Lord expand me my breast, and ease my task for me and remove the impediment from my Professionalism: Overview of Ethics speech, so they may understand what I say,” Prof. Emeritus Dato’ Dr. Wan Mohamad Nasir bin Wan Othman Introduction  Professionalism Dentist and Patient Topics: Topics: Terms: Profession, Professional Overview and Professionalism Dentist: Theories of Ethics Respect and equal treatment Principles of Ethics Behavioural Communication and consent History of Dentistry Confidentiality Oaths and Pledges Science and Oral Patient: Health: Semester Incompetent T&L Approach Loading… Uncooperative Usrah-PBL Group 1 Financial restraint Lecture/Tutorial (Year 3) T&L Approach Usrah-PBL Coordinator: Lecture, Seminar, Pn Nurul Izza Idaham Case study References: References: Dental Ethics: A Brief Review Communication & Ethics in Clinical Practice empathy  Ethics and Islam Building Dentist- Activity: Formative Assessment A group of 7 or 8 students are required to respond to a given question. The write-up of the response should be between 150 – 200 words. Present in one slide. The question will be given after each session (except usrah-PBL sessions). The assigned group are required to submit the response one day before the class or on pre- determined date. First question: Group 1 Justify the statement “Ethics are important in practice of dentistry” Submit one day before next session  Introduction A fundamental principle in dentistry is that anyone who is involved in the treatment of diseases or illnesses must be aware that their principal duty is to their patient. The concept of "patient“: – – Loading… a person who is receiving immediate treatment; people in need of care; – anyone involved in clinical research as participants or subjects; – everyone in society that requires care. Decisions in the provision of patient care are associated with ethics.  Learning Outcome At the end of this session, students are able to: analyse the definition of ethics (C4); differentiate between the concepts of law and ethics (C4); explain the importance of ethics in dentistry (C2); and appreciate the importance of professionalism and ethics in  dentistry (A3). Professionalism Professionalism in has to do not only dentistry is much with how you more than present yourself possessing a but also how you degree in dentistry behave in society and registered with and how you the Malaysian conduct yourself Dental Council. Professionalism in providing health care to patients in the community Professionalism is projected through and dental clinic. characteristics guided by ethics. “‘Professionalism’ is commonly understood as an individual’s adherence to a set of ‘Professionalism’ iscompliance by an individual to a set of standards, code of conduct or behaving in a manner accepted by the profession he/she belongs to.  Adapted from Universities UK, 2004on of qualities that characterize accepted practice What is Ethics (1)? 1. “Ethics are virtues or moral principles that govern the 7 character and conduct of an individual group”. remerntehtn American College of Dentists, 2016 A virtue is a character trait Moral principles form the or quality valued foundation of as being good. ethical guidelines that include the principles of: – integrity; - honesty; non-maleficience; – privacy; - compassion; – generosity; - kindness; beneficence; – self-control; - friendliness; autonomy; – courage; - loyalty; justice; and – gratitude; and - prudence veracity. These traits can be developed through learning and practice  What is Ethics (2)? 2. Ethics seeks to answer two basic questions: What should I do? Why should I do it? 3. Ethics deal with conduct: Summary Moral conduct or actions Ethics: (right or wrong behaviour). Virtues Moral principles What should be 4. Ethics deal with intention done and why? Intention or motives or goals (good or Do the right thing bad/evil) Good Intention As dental practitioners, these qualities are important to us as a guide in providing oral health care for our patients  Importance of ethics in dentistry As a dentist, you have to make numerous decisions. – some decisions are straightforward and easy; – others can be very difficult. In this regard, it is important to understand the basic ethical principles to serve as a guide in making decisions provide the moral reasons for the decision Ethics affect relationships with patients, the public, the staff, and other professionals. When ethics are disregarded, you risk making unethical or less ethical decisions. /1 – unethical decisions can lead to unethical conduct. – unethical conduct seriously compromises your service to patients and undermines your ability to function as a professional.  Law “Law is a system of rules that govern a society with the intention of maintaining social order, upholding justice and preventing harm to individuals and property.” Loading… http://www.advancedpractice.scot.nhs.uk/legal-and-ethics-guidance/what-is-law.aspx Law refers to: What you must do What must (shalI) I do? Note: SHALL is mandatory SHOULD is more of a recommendation, or simply a desirable goal. MUST is used when expressing obligation or an unavoidable requirement,  Ethics and Law unemental LAW ETHICS “Law is a system of rules that Ethics are the moral principles govern a society with the or virtues that govern the intention of maintaining social character and conduct of an order, upholding justice and individual group. preventing harm to individuals and property.” n Ethics are the conscience Legal issues are settled by of the profession using laws and court decisions The law is often referred to n Ethics are less specific as being “black and white,” and have more grey areas. “right or wrong.” Laws set the minimum n Ethics set the highest standard of behaviour standard of behaviour.  Conclusion Every dental practitioner makes decisions that involve choices between conflicting values while providing care for patients. A dentist's foremost responsibility is to the patient. Dentistry is a profession, in part, because the decisions of its members involve moral choices. Understanding professionalism and ethics can help practitioners to improve their ethical decision-making. Differentiate between law and ethics STATEMENT Law/ Ethics A. Consists of a set of rules and regulations that govern society. B. Related to what a person should do.. C. Guidelines and principles of behaviour.. D. Non-compliance is enforced by the profession.. E. Individuals are required to obey them.  Overview of Ethics 1. What is integrity - no nealy/fellie true A Do good even though g B Telling the truth C Volunteering to help nobody is watching. although there is no reward 2. What is meant by “patient” A B O C A person you are Any member of the Anybody seeking or treating. public. requiring or receiving care 3. Characteristic of ethics A O B C Developed by people Moral conduct of a Minimum standard of with legal background. person.. behaviour.  DDWan Allah knows best - wallahu a'lam bissawab ‫وﷲ أﻋﻠم ﺑﺎﻟﺻواب‬ ْ ‫كﯾ‬ َ ِ‫تْﺳ َأﻐ َْﺗْﻔكِرُو ََﺗأ ُ بُوﻟَإ‬ ‫ﻻإ َأ َ ﱠ َﻧ‬ ِ ‫َﮫ‬ ‫أَﺷَدﮭ ْ ُن ْ َأﻻ َإِﻟ‬،‫كْد‬ ِ ‫ْﺑﺳ ُﻧﺎﺣ َكَ َ اﻟ ﻠُمﱠﮭ ﱠ َوﺑﻣ ِ َﺣ‬ Glory is to You, O Allah, and Doa praise is to You. I bear witness Kaffarah Subhaanaka Allaahumma wa bihamdika, that there is none worthy of 'ash-hadu 'an laa 'ilaaha 'illaa 'Anta, worship but You. I seek Your 'astaghfiruka wa 'atoobu 'ilayka forgiveness and repent to You. [email protected] Terima Kasih Syukran Thank You FAKULTI PERGIGIAN - FACULTYOFDENTISTRY Menjana Doktor Pergigian yang Seimbang Fostering A Balanced Professional in Dentistry