L3 Dental Caries.pdf

Dental Caries Dr Noor Al Mortadi Dental Fillings Definition of Dental Caries  Dental Caries is a disease resulting in the destruction of the hard structure of the teeth.  Dental Caries intensity correlates with acid production and count of acid producing bacteria.  Two...

Dental Caries Dr Noor Al Mortadi Dental Fillings Definition of Dental Caries  Dental Caries is a disease resulting in the destruction of the hard structure of the teeth.  Dental Caries intensity correlates with acid production and count of acid producing bacteria.  Two species were isolated from carious mouth and were suggested as responsible for dental caries: Streptococcus mutans, and Lactobacillus acidophilus Streptococcus mutans cab produce caries, but the combination with lactobacilli is more effective. Factors determining the incidence of dental caries:  Microorganisms; acid producing bacteria will increase the incidence.  Host factors affect on the incidence; decreased saliva secretion increase the incidence.  The morphology of the teeth; well spaced teeth decrease the incidence, while fissure and pits increase it.  The composition of the teeth; certain elements decrease the incidence (e.g. Fluoride) while others (Cu and Mn) increase it  Time or frequently of consumption of carbohydrates; and the length of time in the mouth are related to the incidence. Stages in the development of dental caries  The enamel becomes decalcified  A small white spot appears  Discoloration becomes pronounced  The tooth surface softens, and decay penetrates through the enamel into the dentin  Caries spreads laterally and in the depth  Cavitation occurs  The lesion deepens, and pulp becomes affected, first reacting to stimuli (e.g. sweets) and damaged and dead.  Bacteria travels down the root canal, out through the apex causing abscesses Three general factors affecting the occurrence of Caries are:  Tooth Composition Morphology, and Orientation  Plaque Biochemistry and bacteriology  Food Composition and dietary habits Caries resistance  Minerals associated with increased caries include Copper, Magnesium, Zink, Vanadium, and lead.  Minerals associated with decreased caries include Flouride, Nickel, Li