Cough and Cold 2024 Mini Lecture 1 Handouts PDF

Common cold Respiratory Conditions — Upper respiratory tract typically...

Common cold Respiratory Conditions — Upper respiratory tract typically — >200 viruses — Rhinovirus majority — Symptom control only 1 2 Signs/Symptoms Of Cold Is it a cold or the flu? — Sore throat is usually first — 1/3 - 50% of patients — Cold — Influenza — Followed by malaise, nasal symptoms(dominate by — Gradual onset — Abrupt onset days 2-3), watery eyes, sneezing, and then sometimes — Usually begins with sore — Initial symptoms similar to coughing by day 4 or 5(30% of patients) throat cold — Productive initially — Nasal congestion after — Nasal discharge usually sore throat does not become thick and — Thin watery nasal discharge initially – changes in ~ 2 — Nasal discharge becomes purulent days and becomes thick and purulent thick and purulent — Severe headache and fever — Back to clear and thin as cold resolves — Cough begins around 4- — Nonproductive cough 5th day usually — Malaise and discomfort — Low grade fever (Rarely above 100) productive, then changes to nonproductive — Myalgia and arthralgia — Symptoms persist for 7-14 days — Headache and fever rare — Complications: Otitis media, bronchitis, asthma exacerbations, sinusitis 3 4 1  https://www.multicare.org/file_viewer.php?id=19865&title=COVID-19- Symptoms-Chart 5 6 Sore Throat (Pharyngitis) — Swollen and irritated mucosal tissue of the oropharynx — Etiology is often infectious — Viral — Streptococcus pyogenes — 5-15% cases in adults — 20-30% in children 7 8 2  Signs and Symptoms Other differential diagnosis — Bacterial pharyngitis — Pneumonia Viral S. Pyogenes — Sudden onset — Mimics cold and flu — Usually abrupt — Severe sore throat — Labored breathing — Mild throat pain — Difficulty swallowing — Shaking chills — Tender or enlarged — Enlarged lymph nodes — Persistent fever — Irritation lymph nodes — Fever — Chest tightness — Sweating — No fever or lymph — Fever — Allergic rhinitis — Cough node involvement — Sinusitis — Rash – Occasional — Productive (bacterial) — Viral (Non-productive) — Presence of — No cough rhinorrhea — Children: Abdominal Review Table 1 in Textbook pain and N/V 9 10 Nonpharmacologic Self Care Exclusions Treatment — Fever with symptoms (>100.4) — Rest — Chest pain — Adequate fluid intake — Shortness of breath — Increased humidification — Worsening of symptoms during self treatment or — Vaporizers — Humidifiers development of additional symptoms — Steamy showers — Immunocompromised or conditions that cause — Saline gargles immunosuppression — Limit contact with others — Concurrent chronic cardiopulmonary disease — Hand washing — Infants