[L-3B] Pea-nomenal Genetics.pdf

Pea-nominal H R Genetics C BIOLOGY 9 HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC. S.Y. 2024 – 2025 ...

Pea-nominal H R Genetics C BIOLOGY 9 HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC. S.Y. 2024 – 2025  HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC. S.Y. 2024 - 2025 Good day! Kindly pick up the pieces of paper and rearrange your chairs.  HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC. S.Y. 2024 - 2025 GAME TIME: You Are Not the Father!  INSTRUCTIONS There will be three rounds. For each round, the video will introduce the alleged father and child. After the introduction, try to guess if the man is the father of the child or not. Everyone will then raise their hands if they think if the man is the father or not. Each correct answer is 1 recitation point. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF Pea-nominal Genetics Biology 9 STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC.  YOU ARE NOT THE FATHER HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF Pea-nominal Genetics Biology 9 STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC.  HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC. S.Y. 2024 - 2025 Mendelian Genetics  Objective(s) At the end of the lesson, you are expected to: Explain the three laws of inheritance according to Mendel’s experiments Predict phenotypic expressions of traits following simple patterns of inheritance HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF Pea-nominal Genetics Biology 9 STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC.  Gregor Mendel Austrian monk/friar Father of Classical Genetics Spent ten years to conduct his experiment on pea plants (Pisum sativum) Pea-nominal Genetics Biology 9 HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC.  Gregor Mendel Austrian monk/friar Father of Classical Genetics Spent ten years to conduct his experiment on pea plants (Pisum sativum) Pea-nominal Genetics Biology 9 HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC. Pea-nominal Genetics Biology 9 HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC.  Mendel’s Experiment Mendel purposefully cross-pollinated pea plants based on their different features. Seven traits were used: Form of ripe seed Color of seed albumen Color of flower Form of ripe pods Color of unripe pods Position of flowers Length of stem Pea-nominal Genetics Biology 9 HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC.  Mendel’s Experiment Seven traits were used: Form of ripe seed (R) – smooth or wrinkled Color of seed albumen (Y) – yellow or green Color of flower (P) – purple or white Form of ripe pods (I) – inflated or constricted Color of unripe pods (G) – green or yellow Position of flowers (A) – axial or terminal Length of stem (T) – tall or dwarf Pea-nominal Genetics Biology 9 HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC.  Mendel’s Experiment Parent Generation First Filial Generation (F1) Second Filial Generation (F2) Pea-nominal Genetics Biology 9 HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC.  Mendel’s Experiment Results Pea-nominal Genetics Biology 9 HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC.  HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC. S.Y. 2024 - 2025 What did Mendel get from his experiment?  MENDEL’S THREE LAWS OF HEREDITY Pea-nominal Genetics Biology 9 HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC.  GENETICS TERMS Allele – one or more version of DNA Tall (T) or small (t) Black (B) or blue (b) Dominant Allele – allele that shows their effect even if the individual only has one copy of the allele (T and B) Recessive Allele - allele that only shows effect if individual has two copies of the allele. (t or b) Pea-nominal Genetics Biology 9 HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC.  GENETICS TERMS Homozygous – individual has the same two alleles Homozygous dominant – individual has both dominant alleles Homozygous recessive – individual has both recessive alleles Heterozygous – individual has different alleles. Pea-nominal Genetics Biology 8 HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC.  PUNNETT SQUARE – tool used to identify possible allelic combinations Pea-nominal Genetics Biology 9 HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC. Pea-nominal Genetics Biology 9 HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC.  I. Identify the phenotype and genotype of parents. Let ME do it! Example #1: Assume that tall pea plants (T) is dominant over short pea plants (t). If a homozygous tall pea plant is cross-pollinated with a homozygous short pea plant, what is the a. Punnett square of the parent pea cross? b. Genotype of the offspring c. Phenotype of the offspring? d. Genotypic ratio of the F1? e. Phenotypic ratio of the F1? Pea-nominal Genetics Biology 9 HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC.  I. Identify the phenotype and genotype of parents. Traits: Tall (T) is dominant over short (t) Genotype of parents: Homozygous dominant (TT) and homozygous recessive (tt) Phenotype of parents: Tall (TT) and short (tt) Pea-nominal Genetics Biology 9 HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC.  HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC. S.Y. 2024 - 2025 2. Set up your Punnett Square  II. Set up your Punnett square A monohybrid cross has a 2x2 Punnett square. Distribute each of the alleles of the parent in each row header & column header of the Punnett square. Match each row header by each column header Example #1 Parent 1: Homozygous tall (TT) Parent 2: Homozygous short (tt) Pea-nominal Genetics Biology 9 HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC.  II. Set up your Punnett square Example #1 Tt Tt Parent 1: Homozygous tall (TT) Parent 2: Homozygous Tt Tt short (tt) Cross: TT x tt Pea-nominal Genetics Biology 9 HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC.  HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC. S.Y. 2024 - 2025 3. Find the genotype and phenotype of the offspring from the sample cross.  III. Find the genotype and phenotype Genotype of F1: Tt Tt 4 heterozygous (Tt) Phenotype of F1: 4 tall pea plants Genotypic ratio: 4 TT: 0 tt (or just 4 TT) Tt Tt Phenotypic ratio: 4 tall pea plants: 0 small pea plants (or just 4 tall pea plants) Pea-nominal Genetics Biology 9 HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC.  ASSIGNMENT #3 On a ½ sheet of crosswise paper, write your name, section, date, and assignment # 1. Are the three Mendelian laws always observed? If not, what are some exemptions? Answer using 3-5 sentences. HOLY ROSARY COLLEGE OF Pea-nominal Genetics Biology 9 STA. ROSA LAGUNA, INC.