Key Terms Chapter 8 SP21 PDF

CH103 List of Key Terms - Chapter 8 Acid: produces H3O+ ions when placed in water Acid-Base Reaction: a proton (H+) transfer reaction Amphoteric (also known as amphiprotic): a substance that can act as either an acid or a base Base: produces OH- ions when placed in water Bronstead Lowry Acid: acid...

CH103 List of Key Terms - Chapter 8 Acid: produces H3O+ ions when placed in water Acid-Base Reaction: a proton (H+) transfer reaction Amphoteric (also known as amphiprotic): a substance that can act as either an acid or a base Base: produces OH- ions when placed in water Bronstead Lowry Acid: acid is a proton (H+) donor Bronstead Lowry Base: base is a proton (H+) acceptor Buffer Solution: a solution that resists a change in pH when limited amounts of acid or base are added to it; the most common example is an aqueous solution containing a weak acid and its conjugate base; Buffer Capacity: The maximum amount of acid or base that can be added before the buffer stops working; Conjugate Acid: What you get when you add a proton (H+) to a base Conjugate Base: What you get when you remove a proton (H+) from an acid Conjugate Acid-Base Pair: any pair of molecules or ions that can be interconverted by transfer of a proton (H+) Diprotic Acids: acids that can give up two protons (H+); e.g. H2SO4 Hydronium Ion: H3O+ Indicator: a substance that changes color at a certain pH Ion Product of Water: Kw; in pure water at room temperature Kw has value of 1.0 x 10-14; Monoprotic Acids: acids that can give up only one proton (H+); e.g. HCl pH: -log[H3O+] Strong Acid/Strong Base: dissociates completely (100%) when put in water Triprotic Acids: acids that can give up three protons (H+); e.g. H3PO4 Weak Acid/Weak Base: dissociates partially (less than 100%) when put in water.