KEIS Quiz PDF

UNIT 1 1. What is an explicit belief?  A) A belief that is inferred  B) A belief that is directly represented in the knowledge base  C) A belief that is hidden  D) A belief that is irrelevant Correct Answer: B) A belief that is directly repre...

UNIT 1 1. What is an explicit belief?  A) A belief that is inferred  B) A belief that is directly represented in the knowledge base  C) A belief that is hidden  D) A belief that is irrelevant Correct Answer: B) A belief that is directly represented in the knowledge base 2. What is the role of the knowledge base in a KBS?  A) To process data  B) To store a collection of information  C) To create user interfaces  D) To analyze data Correct Answer: B) To store a collection of information 3. Which part of a rule in a KBS lists a set of conditions?  A) THEN part  B) IF part  C) ELSE part  D) AND part Correct Answer: B) IF part 4. What is a characteristic of explicit beliefs?  A) They are difficult to access  B) They are clearly defined and stored within the system  C) They are always inferred  D) They are irrelevant Correct Answer: B) They are clearly defined and stored within the system 5. What type of system uses case-based reasoning?  A) Expert systems  B) Case-based systems  C) Rule-based systems  D) Blackboard systems Correct Answer: B) Case-based systems 6. What is one advantage of knowledge-based systems?  A) They are always reliable  B) They provide explanations of solutions  C) They are inflexible  D) They lack expert knowledge Correct Answer: B) They provide explanations of solutions 7. What is the purpose of the inference engine in a KBS?  A) To store data  B) To process and locate data based on requests  C) To create user interfaces  D) To input new information Correct Answer: B) To process and locate data based on requests 8. What is a blackboard system?  A) A system that relies on a single source of information  B) A system that enables multiple sources to input new information  C) A system that does not allow updates  D) A system that only uses past data Correct Answer: B) A system that enables multiple sources to input new information 9. What is the main function of knowledge representation in a KBS?  A) To create user interfaces  B) To store data  C) To represent knowledge in the form of rules  D) To analyze data Correct Answer: C) To represent knowledge in the form of rules 11. What is the main source of empirical knowledge?  A) Memory  B) Perception  C) Introspection  D) Testimony Correct Answer: B) Perception 12. What do constants represent in First Order Logic?  A) Any object in the domain  B) Specific objects in the domain  C) Relationships between objects  D) Logical connectives Correct Answer: B) Specific objects in the domain 13. Which of the following is a type of knowledge-based system?  A) Database systems  B) Expert systems  C) Spreadsheet systems  D) Word processing systems Correct Answer: B) Expert systems 14. What does the universal quantifier (∀) indicate?  A) A statement is false for all objects  B) A statement applies to all objects in the domain  C) A statement is true for none  D) A statement applies to some objects Correct Answer: B) A statement applies to all objects in the domain 15. What is the purpose of functions in First Order Logic?  A) To represent properties of objects  B) To map objects to other objects  C) To define logical connectives  D) To create user interfaces Correct Answer: B) To map objects to other objects  UNIT 2 1. What is the first step in the resolution process?  A) Convert FOL statements into CNF  B) Negate the statement to be proved  C) Draw resolution graph  D) Conversion of facts into first-order logic (FOL) Correct Answer: D) Conversion of facts into first-order logic (FOL) 2. Which of the following is NOT an axiom of equality?  A) Reflexivity  B) Symmetry  C) Transitivity  D) Commutativity Correct Answer: D) Commutativity 3. What does a SAT solver determine?  A) If a formula is valid  B) If a formula is satisfiable  C) If a formula is a contradiction  D) If a formula is a tautology Correct Answer: B) If a formula is satisfiable 4. What is Skolemization?  A) A method to eliminate universal quantifiers  B) A transformation that removes existential quantifiers  C) A technique for converting formulas to CNF  D) A process for finding contradictions Correct Answer: B) A transformation that removes existential quantifiers 5. Which of the following is a property of equality?  A) Associativity  B) Reflexivity  C) Distributivity  D) Idempotency Correct Answer: B) Reflexivity 6. What is the purpose of converting formulas into clausal form?  A) To simplify the formulas  B) To prepare for resolution proofs  C) To eliminate all variables  D) To find contradictions Correct Answer: B) To prepare for resolution proofs 7. In the context of SAT solvers, what does "satisfiable" mean?  A) The formula is always true  B) There exists a variable assignment that makes the formula true  C) The formula is always false  D) The formula has no variables Correct Answer: B) There exists a variable assignment that makes the formula true 8. What is the result of applying negation to the conclusion statements in resolution?  A) It proves the statement  B) It creates a contradiction  C) It simplifies the statement  D) It eliminates the statement Correct Answer: B) It creates a contradiction 9. Which of the following is a step in finding the clausal form of formulas?  A) Eliminate all variables  B) Move negation inward  C) Add existential quantifiers  D) Remove all constants Correct Answer: B) Move negation inward 10. What does the resolution proof of the query "Some student is happy" look like?  A) ∀x. Student(x) ∧ Happy(x)  B) ∃x. Student(x) ∧ Happy(x)  C) ∀x. Happy(x)  D) ∃x. Happy(x) Correct Answer: B) ∃x. Student(x) ∧ Happy(x) 11. What is a clause in the context of resolution?  A) A conjunction of literals  B) A disjunction of literals  C) A single atomic sentence  D) A universal quantifier Correct Answer: B) A disjunction of literals 12. What is the main idea behind first-order resolution?  A) To eliminate all quantifiers  B) To resolve clauses with complementary literals  C) To convert all statements to propositional logic  D) To simplify the proof process Correct Answer: B) To resolve clauses with complementary literals 13. What does the Herbrand theorem relate to in first-order logic?  A) The completeness of propositional logic  B) The existence of a model for a set of clauses  C) The transformation of formulas into CNF  D) The elimination of existential quantifiers Correct Answer: B) The existence of a model for a set of clauses 14. What is the purpose of drawing a resolution graph?  A) To visualize the proof process  B) To eliminate variables  C) To convert statements into CNF  D) To find contradictions Correct Answer: A) To visualize the proof process  UNIT 3 1. What does P(A|B) represent in the context of the Naïve Bayes Classifier? o A) Prior Probability o B) Marginal Probability o C) Posterior Probability o D) Likelihood Probability Correct Answer: C) Posterior Probability 7 2. In the Naïve Bayes Classifier, what is the first step to solve a problem? o A) Generate Likelihood table o B) Convert the dataset into frequency tables o C) Use Bayes theorem o D) Calculate Marginal Probability Correct Answer: B) Convert the dataset into frequency tables 7 3. What is the probability that a patient has meningitis given they have a stiff neck? o A) 0.02 o B) 0.8 o C) 1/30000 o D) 1/750 Correct Answer: D) 1/750 5 4. What is the probability of drawing a King from a standard deck of cards? o A) 1/52 o B) 4/52 o C) 1/13 o D) 3/52 Correct Answer: B) 4/52 5 5. In the frequency table for weather conditions, how many days were classified as "Sunny" where the outcome was "Yes"? o A) 2 o B) 3 o C) 5 o D) 4 Correct Answer: B) 3 8 6. What is the total number of days recorded in the weather dataset? o A) 10 o B) 14 o C) 15 o D) 12 Correct Answer: B) 14 8 7. According to Bayes' theorem, which of the following is NOT a component used to calculate P(B|A)? o A) P(A|B) o B) P(B) o C) P(A) o D) P(A|C) Correct Answer: D) P(A|C) 5 8. What is the likelihood probability of "Sunny" given "Yes"? o A) 0.3 o B) 0.5 o C) 0.71 o D) 0.35 Correct Answer: A) 0.3 9 9. In the context of the Naïve Bayes Classifier, what does the term "Likelihood" refer to? o A) Probability of the evidence given that the hypothesis is true o B) Probability of the hypothesis before observing the evidence o C) Probability of the evidence o D) Probability of the hypothesis after observing the evidence Correct Answer: A) Probability of the evidence given that the hypothesis is true 7 10. What is the marginal probability of "Sunny" in the weather dataset? o A) 0.35 o B) 0.29 o C) 0.71 o D) 0.5 Correct Answer: A) 0.35