Oceanography Study Guide 2023-2024 PDF

Unit 1 Oceanography Study Guide Kallen 3B Name:____________________________________ 1. Define Oceanography. Study of the ocean, its surroundings, and the life within it 2. List...

Unit 1 Oceanography Study Guide Kallen 3B Name:____________________________________ 1. Define Oceanography. Study of the ocean, its surroundings, and the life within it 2. List the five major oceans Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic, Southern/Antarctic 3. List each ocean and which continents surround them Pacific - West North America Atlantic - East North America Indian - Asia Southern - Antarctica 4. Which ocean is the largest? Pacific 5. Which ocean is the deepest? Pacific 6. What are modern and ancient ways to navigate? GPS | Compass 7. What is the Marianas Trench, Who discovered it, and how was it done? The deepest point in the Pacific Ocean discovered by Triesta 1960 8. What is the age of the world’s oceans? 4 billion years 9. What percentage of earth do the oceans cover? 71% 10. What is another name for the North Star and why was the North Star important in terms of Oceanography? Phoenician Star - Used for navigation around the Mediterranean 11. What are the Polynesians referred to as because they traveled long distances by boat? Seafarers 12. Explain what is latitude and longitude and be able to determine a location from a given latitude & longitude. Latitude - Distance from the equator North & South Longitude - Distance from the Prime Meridian East & West 13. Where is the prime meridian located? Greenwich, England 14. Where is the equator located? 0 degrees in the centre of the Earth 15. Who invented the chronometer and what did it do. John Harrison | Allowed sailors to determine their exact longitude & travel longer distances 16. What is a submarine? Submersible underwater vehicle 17. What was first used for SCUBA diving in the mid 1800’s? Hard Hat Helmet 18. Who discovered the first SCUBA with compressed air that is still used today? Jacques Coustaeu 19. List nine pieces of equipment that are used during SCUBA diving. Fins, Snorkel, Tank, Mask, Wetsuit, Weights/Belt, Buoyancy Control Device, Regulator, SPG Gage 20. List two major medical considerations in regards to SCUBA diving. Hypothermia, Hypoxia 21. Which medical condition can be limited by making slow decompression stops to equalize pressure? Decompression Sickness 22. List one advantage and one disadvantage to Submersibles and for SCUBA A - Easier underwater diving exploration D - Severe illnesses and potential for drowning 23. What is a ROV? Remotely Operated Vehicle 24. What is an AUV? Automated Underwater Vehicle 25. What does GPS stand for and how does it work? Global Positioning System Satellites orbit earth marking locations 26. List two jobs that can be obtained with a degree in Oceanography. Marine biologist, Marine engineer 27. How does buoyancy affect a SCUBA diver? Allows them to ascend and descend easier 28. How does pressure affect a SCUBA diver as they descend? Less air in your body