ERTH 209-02 Earth Fall 2024 Igneous Rocks

ERTH 209-02 EARTH Fall 2024 Igneous rocks – magma and rock classifications  Mount Etna, Sicily Volcanoes types: Active Dormant Extinct From Abbott & Samson 2012 Active, dormant and extinct volcanoes From Self A classical volcanic erup...

ERTH 209-02 EARTH Fall 2024 Igneous rocks – magma and rock classifications  Mount Etna, Sicily Volcanoes types: Active Dormant Extinct From Abbott & Samson 2012 Active, dormant and extinct volcanoes From Self A classical volcanic eruption: Vesuvius in Italy (79 BC) that obliterated the cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum. Pliny the Elder was killed by the gases emanated during the eruption of Vesuvius. First big explosive blast from the Mount Pinatubo (June 15, 1991). From Abbott & Samson 2012 Example of a plinian eruption Mount Redoubt in 1989 (Alaska, USA). From Ukstins and Best (2023).  Plinian eruptions – create their own weather (e.g., rain of ash). Rain falling of pyroclastic materials became unstable on the slopes of Mount Vesuvius. Muddy volcanic debris are known From Abbott & Samson as lahars. 2012 Examples of volcanic eruptions Low-viscosity peaceful eruption; Volatiles separate easily from lava. (Surtsey, Iceland) High-viscosity explosive eruption; Volatiles are trapped within the lava. (Michoacan, Mexico) From Abbott & Samson 2012 Canada’s dormant volcanoes Seismometers record seemingly increased volcanic activity in the region of the Nazko Cone. Is it reawakening? Mount Meager volcano erupted at the magnitude of Mount St. Helens about 2,350 years ago. From Abbott & Samson 2012