Introduction to Operative Dentistry PDF

Introduction to Operative Dentistry Definition: Is the Branch of dentistry that involves the art and science where by hard tooth structure defects are Diagnosed ,Eliminated, Progression inhibited, Recurrence prevented and the tooth restored to function as biomechanical and esthetic unit i...

Introduction to Operative Dentistry Definition: Is the Branch of dentistry that involves the art and science where by hard tooth structure defects are Diagnosed ,Eliminated, Progression inhibited, Recurrence prevented and the tooth restored to function as biomechanical and esthetic unit in masticatory system. Operative Dentistry also known as: Restorative Dentistry or Conservative Dentistry Hard tooth structure: Enamel Dentine Cementum Defects affecting hard tooth structure ) Indications): Caries Attrition Abrasion Erossion Discoloration Hyperplasia Hypocalcification….etc.  Dental caries Dental caries is an infectious microbiological disease that dissolute and distract the calcified tooth structure Factors contributing for dental caries: a) The host, including 1) the tooth and 2) saliva. b) The microbiota in the area. c) The kind of diet consumed.  Classification of dental caries: a) According to location: 1. Primary or initial caries 2. Secondary or recurrent caries b) According to extent: 1. Incipient caries (reversible) 2. Cavitated caries (nonreversible) c) According to rate: 1. Acute (rampant) caries 2. Chronic (slow, or arrested) caries Caries  ATTRITION Attrition is mechanical wear of the incisal or occlusal surface as a result of functional or parafunctional movements of the mandible (tooth-to-tooth contacts). Attrition  EROSION Erosion is the wear or loss of tooth surface by chemico-mechanical action.  Abrasion is abnormal tooth surface loss resulting from direct friction forces between the teeth and external objects, or from frictional forces between contacting teeth components in the presence Fracture  AMELOGENESIS IMPERFECTA In amelogenesis imperfecta the enamel is defective either in form or calcification due to heredity, and has an appearance ranging from essentially normal to extremely unsightly. Amelogenesis imperfecta  DENTINOGENESIS IMPERFECTA Dentinogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary condition where only the dentin is defective. Normal enamel is weakly attached and lost early.  Scope: Is the extent of activity of the operative dentistry specialist. It was about 90% but now about 60%. In the past it was “Drill And Fill” but now it includes several phases  Phases of Operative dentistry 1. Diagnosis 2. Treatment planning 3. Operation 4. Restoration 5. Maintenance  Problems of hard tooth structure defects 1. Pain 2. Loss of function ( mastication, phonatics) 3. Loss of esthetics Objective of Operative Dentistry 1. Elimination of pain. 2. Restoration of function. 3. Restoration of esthetics. Tooth notation  Syllabus Introduction. Cavity classification. Instruments. Principles of cavity preparation. Cavity preparation for amalgam restorations.