MSK Introduction PDF

MSK Strength training produces (1) an enhanced drive from the higher centers of the brain after resistance training, resulting in the improvement in strength observed; (2) an increased synchronization of the motor units; (3) a decrease in the force th...

MSK Strength training produces (1) an enhanced drive from the higher centers of the brain after resistance training, resulting in the improvement in strength observed; (2) an increased synchronization of the motor units; (3) a decrease in the force threshold at which motor units are recruited (4) an increase in motor unit firing rates; (5) a decrease in the level of coactivation of antagonistic muscles after training. Endurance training produces (1) a decrease in the motor unit firing rate (2) a lowering of the recruitment threshold, which improves fatigue resistance.  PRIME MOVERS (AGONISTS) ANTAGONISTS SYNERGISTS STABILIZERS NEUTRALIZERS ROTATORS ISOMETRICS CONCENTRICS ECCENTRICS ISOTONIC ISOKINETIC ACTIVE INSUFFICIENCY PASSIVE INSUFFICIENCY  CONSTRACTURE MYOSTATIC PSEUDOMYOSTATIC ARTHROGENIC PERIARTICULAR FIBROTIC IRREVERSIBLE  STRETCHING MANUAL MECHANICAL ACTIVE PASSIVE SELF SELECTIVE JOINT KINEMATICS Kinematics is the study of motion and describes how something is moving (1) Osteokinematics - Physiologic movements of the bones (2) Arthrokinematics – accessory movements of joints ROLL SLIDE GLIDE TRACTION DISTRACTION  Grade I – small amplitude movement at the beginning of the available range of movement Grade II – large amplitude movement at within the available range of movement Grade III – large amplitude movement that moves into stiffness or muscle spasm Grade IV – small amplitude movement stretching into stiffness or muscle spasm Grade V – small amplitude, high velocity thrust at end of available range