Introduction To Cannabis Crop Science PDF

HORT – 6004 Introduction to Cannabis – Cannabis Cultivation Crop Science   Belongs to the family Cannabaceae of the plant kingdom  Cannabis is a genus of flowering plants that includes three primary species:...

HORT – 6004 Introduction to Cannabis – Cannabis Cultivation Crop Science   Belongs to the family Cannabaceae of the plant kingdom  Cannabis is a genus of flowering plants that includes three primary species: Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indica, and Cannabis ruderalis. A Brief  Is a wind-pollinated species  The two main active compounds in History of cannabis are cannabinoids and terpenes. Cannabis  Cannabinoids, such as THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) and CBD (cannabidiol), interact with the endocannabinoid system in the human body.  Terpenes are aromatic compounds that contribute to the distinct smells associated with various strains  Ancient Beginnings  Cannabis is believed to have originated in Central Asia.  Archaeological evidence suggests that cannabis was used for various purposes in ancient China and Taiwan as far back as 5000 BCE.  Cannabis was cultivated and used in ancient civilizations such as India, Egypt, and Persia for medicinal, religious, and recreational purposes.  In ancient India, cannabis was mentioned in sacred texts and was associated with the Hindu god Shiva. 19th Century  Hemp was valued for its fiber, used in textiles, ropes, and paper.  Medicinal cannabis preparations were commonly available in pharmacies.  Hemp cultivation played a crucial role in the early American colonies, with laws in some areas requiring farmers to grow hemp. 20th Century Prohibition early 20th century 1996 The early 20th century saw the beginning The Narcotic Control Act was later replaced of cannabis prohibition in various by the "Controlled Drugs and Substances countries, driven by concerns over Act" (CDSA) in 1996, which continued to psychoactive use and a lack of classify cannabis as a controlled understanding of the plant's properties. substance. In Canada, the primary legislation that prohibited and criminalized cannabis was the "Narcotic Control Act" of 1923. This act made the possession, sale, and production of marijuana (cannabis) illegal in Canada. 1923 21st Century Legalization  The Cannabis Act came into effect on October 17, 2018. The Cannabis Act legalized the recreational use, possession, and cultivation of cannabis for adults in Canada, with the aim of regulating and controlling its production, distribution, and sale.  The 21st century has witnessed a significant shift in attitudes toward cannabis, with an increasing number of jurisdictions legalizing both medical and recreational use.  Cannabis cultivation has become a regulated industry in many places, with standards for quality, safety, and environmental impact. Legislative Classification Cannabis: Cannabis refers to varieties of the Cannabis sativa plant that contain more than 0.3% THC on a dry weight basis. Cannabis is subject to the regulations outlined in the Cannabis Act, which legalized the recreational use of cannabis for adults in October 2018. Hemp: Hemp refers to varieties of the Cannabis sativa plant that contain 0.3% THC or less on a dry weight basis. Hemp cultivation is regulated under the Industrial Hemp Regulations of the Cannabis Act, allowing for the legal cultivation of hemp for industrial purposes such as fiber, seed, and oil. Regulatory Compliance Refers to the adherence to laws, regulations, and standards set by in the federal and provincial authorities to ensure the legal, safe, and controlled Canadian production, distribution, and use of cannabis. Cannabis Industry  Licensing: Health Canada issues licenses for various activities in the cannabis supply chain, including cultivation, processing, analytical testing, and sale for medical and recreational purposes. Regulatory Oversight: Health Canada provides regulatory oversight and Regulatory conducts inspections to ensure compliance with federal regulations, covering aspects like Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and Good Authorities - Documentation Practices (GDP). Federal Product Testing: Federal regulations dictate rigorous testing requirements for cannabis products, including testing for potency and safety. Excise Taxation (CRA): The Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) manages the excise taxation framework for cannabis products, ensuring the proper collection of excise duties.  Licensing (Provincial Regulatory Bodies): Provincial regulatory bodies issue licenses for retail operations, overseeing aspects like the establishment and operation of cannabis retail stores. Regulatory Retail Regulations: Provinces and territories have specific Authorities - regulations related to the retail sale of cannabis, including hours of operation, location restrictions, Provincial and marketing guidelines. Consumer Education and Safety: Provinces play a role in consumer education, safety, and awareness campaigns, outlining responsible use and adherence to legal requirements.   Proper record keeping is essential for regulatory compliance in the cannabis industry, ensuring adherence to laws, standards, and licensing requirements.  Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) are Record implemented with structured Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for each procedure in the Keeping  production process. SOPs provide a systematic and standardized approach, approved by Health Canada during the licensing procedure.  Good Documentation Practices (GDP) are employed to track all activities and events in the cannabis production cycle. Cannabis Licenses and Facilities Current Uses of Cannabis Recreational Use: Medical Use: Following the Medical cannabis has legalization of been legal in Canada recreational cannabis since 2001, and in October 2018, individuals with a adults in Canada can medical prescription legally purchase and can access cannabis consume cannabis products for various for personal use. health conditions.