Internal Respiratory MCQ1.pdf

NJSC «Astana Medical University» Department of internal diseases with course of geriatrics CMD – 84 Page 1 from 24 CONTROL AND MEASURING DEVICES FOR THE FINAL ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS AND ABILITIES BY DISCIPLINE Module "Fundamentals of pathology of the respiratory system" Discipline "Propaede...

NJSC «Astana Medical University» Department of internal diseases with course of geriatrics CMD – 84 Page 1 from 24 CONTROL AND MEASURING DEVICES FOR THE FINAL ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS AND ABILITIES BY DISCIPLINE Module "Fundamentals of pathology of the respiratory system" Discipline "Propaedeutics of internal diseases - 5" Educational program - 6B10123 "Medicine" Total 0.8 credits / 24 hours Course 2 Аstana 2023 y. НАО «Медицинский университет Астана» Кафедра внутренних болезней с курсом гериатрии КИС – 84 Стр 2 из 24 Expiratory shortness of breath is: a) difficulty inhaling b) shortening of exhalation c) difficulty exhaling d) shortening of inhalation and exhalation e) shortening of inspiration The main complaints of dry pleurisy: a) chest pain b) coordination disorder c) hypothermia d) tinnitus e) thirst Reduction of one half of the chest occurs when: a) lung segmentectomy b) increased airiness of lung tissue c) accumulation of transudate in the pleural cavity d) accumulation of exudate in the pleural cavity e) pneumothorax A two-way, symmetrical attenuation of vocal tremor is observed: a) with lung cavity syndrome, communicating with the bronchus b) in the syndrome of lobular inflammatory compaction of lung tissue c) in the syndrome of focal inflammatory compaction of lung tissue d) in case of compression atelectasis syndrome e) with the syndrome of increased airiness of lung tissue The mobility of the lower edge of the lungs along the mid-clavicular line on the right is normal: a) 4-6 cm b) 2-3 cm c) 1-2 cm d) 2.5 cm e) 1.5 cm A tympanic sound above the lungs appears when: a) with the syndrome of increased airiness of lung tissue b) in the syndrome of lobular inflammatory compaction of lung tissue c) in case of lung cavity syndrome, in the final stage НАО «Медицинский университет Астана» Кафедра внутренних болезней с курсом гериатрии КИС – 84 Стр 3 из 24 d) with pleural fluid accumulation syndrome e) with bronchial patency disorder syndrome The detection of voice tremor is a method: a) of the inspection b) palpation c) percussion d) auscultation e) fluctuations The palpation method helps to determine: a) bronchophonia b) chest resistance c) the shape of the chest d) breathing noises e) the position of the blades Inspiratory shortness of breath is: a) difficulty exhaling b) shortening of exhalation c) shortening of inhalation and exhalation d) difficulty inhaling e) intermittent inhalation The patient has an indentation at the end of the sternum, this is the chest: a) keeled b) emphysematous c) funnel-shaped d) paralytic e) asthenic Expiratory dyspnea is characteristic of the syndrome: a) bronchial patency disorders b) lung tissue seals c) accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity d) air accumulations in the pleural cavity e) cavities in the lung Abnormal noisy breathing:a deep breath, an enhanced exhalation is: a) cheyne - stokes breathing b) Biota breathing НАО «Медицинский университет Астана» Кафедра внутренних болезней с курсом гериатрии КИС – 84 Стр 4 из 24 c) breath of the Baroque d) Kussmaul's breath e) Gasping's breath Signs of emphysematous chest: a) the sagittal size is 2 times smaller than the frontal one, the epigastric angle is less than 45 degrees, the position of the ribs have an oblique direction with clear sunken intercostals b) is asymmetric due to the occlusion of intercostal spaces c) the sagittal size corresponds to the frontal, the epigastric angle is obtuse, the position of the ribs is horizontal d) anteroposterior size is larger than the lateral size due to the presence of an indentation in the lower third of the sternum e) the anterior-posterior size is about ½ of the lateral size, the more vertical position of the ribs The weakening of the vocal tremor is observed when: a) compression atelectasis b) cavities in the lung communicating with the bronchus c) accumulation of air in the pleural cavity d) syndrome of lobular inflammatory compaction of lung tissue e) pulmonary fibrosis The shoulder blades lag behind the chest, their angles are clearly visible, the ribs are steeply directed downward, the intercostal spaces are wide, the epigastric angle is sharp, name the shape of the chest: a) normosthenic b) hypersthenic c) emphysematous d) funnel-shaped e) asthenic The patient takes a forced position on the sore side: a) for bronchial asthma b) for bronchitis c) for emphysema of the lungs d) of focal pneumonia e) for dry pleurisy A clear pulmonary sound is: a) quiet, short, high frequency НАО «Медицинский университет Астана» Кафедра внутренних болезней с курсом гериатрии b) c) d) e) КИС – 84 Стр 5 из 24 loud, short, high frequency loud, long-lasting, low-frequency quiet, long-lasting, low-frequency// loud, long-lasting, high-frequency A dull sound in the percussion of the lungs indicates: a) accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity b) increased airiness of lung tissue c) cavities in the lung (after the breakthrough of the abscess into the bronchus) d) violation of bronchial patency e) accumulation of air in the pleural cavity The boxed sound indicates: a) increased airiness of the lungs b) accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity c) compaction of lung tissue d) complete absence of air e) cavities in the lung (after the breakthrough of the abscess into the bronchus) Topographic percussion of the lungs is used for: a) definitions of vocal tremor of the lungs b) defining lung boundaries c) definitions of lung soreness d) determination of lung elasticity e) definitions of respiratory noises A dull percussion sound: a) complete absence of air in the study area b) increased airiness of lung tissue c) the presence of a cavity in the lung (after the breakthrough of the abscess into the bronchus) d) bronchial patency disorder e) the presence of air in the pleural cavity The lower border of the lung along the middle axillary line: a) 6 edge b) 7 edge c) 8 edge d) 9 edge e) 10 edge The lower border of the lung along the anterior axillary line: a) 6 edge НАО «Медицинский университет Астана» Кафедра внутренних болезней с курсом гериатрии b) c) d) e) КИС – 84 Стр 6 из 24 7 edge 8 edge 9 edge 10 edge The height of the tops of the lungs in front is normal: a) 1-2 cm above the collarbone b) 0-1 cm above the collarbone c) 5-6 cm above the collarbone d) 1.5 cm above the collarbone e) 3-4 cm above the collarbone The mobility of the lower edge of the lungs along the scapular line is normal: a) 2-3 cm b) 1-2 cm c) 2.5 cm d) 1.5 cm e) 4-6 cm The bilateral omission of the lower border of the lungs is due to: a) increased airiness of the lungs b) accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity c) by compaction of lung tissue d) by wrinkling the lung e) the presence of a cavity in the lung A dull sound is: a) loud, long-lasting, low-frequency b) quiet, short, high frequency c) quiet, long-lasting, low-frequency d) quiet, short, low frequency e) quiet, long-lasting, high-frequency By the method of comparative lung percussion: a) determine the excursion of the lower edge of the lungs b) define the boundaries of the lungs from the front c) reveal pathological changes in any part of the lung d) determine the height of the tops e) define the boundaries of the lungs along the lateral surface НАО «Медицинский университет Астана» Кафедра внутренних болезней с курсом гериатрии КИС – 84 Стр 7 из 24 Comparative percussion of the lungs along the anterior surface of the chest is performed in symmetrical sections up to the level of: a) 4 edges b) 5 edges c) 6 edges d) 7 edges e) 8 edges The lower border of the lung along the scapular line is normal: a) 6 edge b) 7 edge c) 9 edge d) 8 edge e) 10 edge The mobility of the lower edge of the lungs along the middle axillary line is normal: a) 2-3 cm b) 1-2 cm c) 2.5 cm d) 3-4 cm e) 6-8 cm Normally, the lower border of the lung along the circumflex line on the right: a) 10 edge b) 7 edge c) 5 intercostal space d) 9 edge e) 8 edge The shoulder blades fit snugly against the chest wall, the intercostal spaces are narrow, the ribs in the lateral sections have a horizontal direction, the epigastric angle is blunt, name the shape of the thoracic cleft: a) hypersthenic b) normosthenic c) paralytic d) asthenic e) funnel-shaped Two-way displacement of the lower border of the lung upwards: a) ascites b) pneumosclerosis НАО «Медицинский университет Астана» Кафедра внутренних болезней с курсом гериатрии КИС – 84 Стр 8 из 24 c) emphysema of the lungs d) upper lobe pneumonia e) the presence of a cavity in the lung Limitation of mobility of the lower edge of the lungs may occur when: a) infarction of the upper lobe of the right lung b) bronchitis c) wrinkling of the lung in the upper lobe d) of focal pneumonia e) adhesive process in the pleura With the syndrome of fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity, breathing is heard: a) vesicular weakened b) hard c) stridorous d) saccaded e) amphoric With the syndrome of a cavity in the lung, breathing is heard: a) hard b) stridorous c) saccaded d) amphoric e) puerile Bronchophonia is determined by the method: a) of the inspection b) auscultation c) palpation d) percussion e) of the inquiry Bronchial breathing options: a) amphoric b) saccaded c) hard d) crepitation e) puerile The mechanism of vesicular respiration: a) alveolar collapse during exhalation НАО «Медицинский университет Астана» Кафедра внутренних болезней с курсом гериатрии b) c) d) e) КИС – 84 Стр 9 из 24 vibrations of the walls of the alveoli when air enters them on inspiration fluctuations of the walls of large bronchi fluctuations of the walls of the middle bronchi fluctuations of the walls of small bronchi A synonym for bronchial respiration: a) saccaded b) hard c) laryngeal tracheal d) puerile e) agonal Characteristics of puerile breathing: a) increased vesicular respiration found in children b) intermittent inhalation c) intermittent inhalation and exhalation d) intermittent exhalation e) shortening of inhalation and exhalation Characteristics of bronchial respiration a) rough breathing noise resembling the sound of "x" b) soft sound, reminiscent of the "f" sound c) the inhalation phase is longer and louder d) is heard throughout the entire period of inhalation and in the initial third of exhalation e) fluctuation of the walls of the alveoli during inhalation Pathological bronchial respiration occurs when: a) increased airiness of lung tissue b) accumulation of air in the pleural cavity c) bronchial smooth muscle spasm d) edema of the bronchial mucosa e) pulmonary tissue compaction syndrome In the syndrome of lobular inflammatory compaction of lung tissue, stage 2 is heard: a) pathological bronchial breathing b) hard breathing c) enhanced vesicular respiration d) saccaded breathing e) stridorous breathing НАО «Медицинский университет Астана» Кафедра внутренних болезней с курсом гериатрии КИС – 84 Стр 10 из 24 Amphoric respiration occurs when: a) pulmonary tissue compaction syndrome b) lung cavity syndrome c) bronchial obstruction syndrome d) fluid syndrome in the pleural cavity e) pleural cavity air syndrome A side respiratory noise is: a) wheezing b) amphoric breathing c) puerile breathing d) bronchial respiration e) vesicular respiration The upper border of the lungs along the posterior surface: a) at the level of the VI cervical vertebra b) at the level of the VII cervical vertebra c) at the level of the IV cervical vertebra d) at the level of the V cervical vertebra e) at the level of the III cervical vertebra Crepitation occurs in: a) large bronchi b) alveoli c) pleura d) trachea e) medium bronchi Distant dry wheezes are heard in the syndrome: a) lung tissue seals b) cavities in the lungs c) bronchial patency disorders d) air accumulations in the pleural cavity e) accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity Crepitation is heard in the syndrome : a) increased airiness of lung tissue b) lobular inflammatory compaction of lung tissue, stage 2 c) accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity d) lobular inflammatory compaction of lung tissue, stage 1 e) bronchial patency disorders Large-bubbly wheezes are heard in the syndrome: НАО «Медицинский университет Астана» Кафедра внутренних болезней с курсом гериатрии a) b) c) d) e) КИС – 84 Стр 11 из 24 cavities in the lung with a liquid level increasing the airiness of lung tissue bronchial patency disorders air accumulations in the pleural cavity accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity Crepitation when coughing: a. changes b. disappears c. does not change d. is weakening e. is getting stronger Pleural friction noise is formed: a) between pleural leaves b) alveoli c) bronchial tubes d) trachea e) alveoli and bronchi The patient has an enlargement of the anteroposterior size of the chest, the supraclavicular fossa is convex, the direction of the ribs is approaching horizontal, the epigastric angle is obtuse. The shape of the patient's chest: a) keeled b) emphysematous c) paralytic d) funnel-shaped e) asthenic In comparative percussion, the force of the impact: a) quiet b) the quietest c) average d) loud e) quiet with a pause Places of distinct listening to bronchial breathing: a) anterior surface of the chest, along the mid-clavicular line b) in the armpits c) on the back surface, below the angle of the shoulder blades d) in front of the larynx, trachea НАО «Медицинский университет Астана» Кафедра внутренних болезней с курсом гериатрии КИС – 84 Стр 12 из 24 e) in the area of the tops of the lungs The reason for increased vesicular respiration in pathology: a) increased airiness of lung tissue b) lung compaction c) the presence of a cavity in the lung d) accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity e) over the remaining part of the lungs during its resection Bronchophony is listening to the patient's voice: a) over large bronchi b) over the entire surface of the lungs c) above the trachea d) only in the lower parts of the lungs e) only in the upper parts of the lungs The lower border of the lungs along the paravertebral lines: a) spinous process of the XII thoracic vertebra b) spinous process of the X thoracic vertebra c) spinous process of the IX thoracic vertebra d) spinous process of the VIII thoracic vertebra e) spinous process of the XI thoracic vertebra Respiratory noise, heard on inhalation and exhalation, does not change with coughing and deep breathing, increases with pressure with a phonendocope: a) crepitation b) dry wheezing c) small bubbly wheezes d) large bubbly wheezes e) pleural friction noise The mechanism of dry wheezing: a) bronchial smooth muscle spasm b) transudate accumulations in the alveoli c) accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity d) air accumulations in the pleural cavity e) accumulations of liquid secretions in the bronchi Auscultative: it is heard on inhalation and exhalation, coughing and deep breathing change the intensity of sound, may be local, widespread, it is: a) crepitation НАО «Медицинский университет Астана» Кафедра внутренних болезней с курсом гериатрии b) c) d) e) КИС – 84 Стр 13 из 24 pleural friction noise saccaded breathing wheezing stridor Crepitation: a) is heard on inhalation and exhalation, coughing and deep breathing changes the intensity of the sound b) is heard only on exhalation, coughing and deep breathing do not change the intensity of the sound c) is heard on inspiration, coughing and deep breathing does not change the intensity of the sound d) is heard only on exhalation, coughing and deep breathing change the intensity of the sound e) is heard on inspiration, coughing and deep breathing changes the intensity of the sound Stridor: a) soft, blowing noise due to the absence of air turbulence in an enclosed space b) alveolar respiration due to insufficient intake of air in the lungs c) blowing noise caused by the passage of air through a thin layer of secretions covering the respiratory tract d) side noise caused by friction of pleural leaflets e) wheezing, noisy breathing caused by turbulent air flow in the airways Bronchophonia is getting worse: a) when air passes through the spasmodic bronchi b) when air passes through the trachea c) when sound passes through dense fabric d) when air passes through a blocked bronchus e) when sound passes through a narrowed glottis Pleural friction noise may be accompanied by: a) horizontal liquid on the X-ray b) by increasing the airiness of the lung tissue c) mediastinal displacement d) normal X-ray picture e) a collaborative lung НАО «Медицинский университет Астана» Кафедра внутренних болезней с курсом гериатрии КИС – 84 Стр 14 из 24 Specific auscultation pattern in the syndrome of fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity: a) above the projection of the effusion, breathing is harsh, dry wheezing is heard b) above the projection of the effusion, the breathing is puerile, large-bubbly wheezes are heard c) pleural friction noise is heard above the effusion projection d) stridorous breathing is heard above the projection of the effusion e) above the projection of effusion, breathing is sharply weakened or not listened to Sharply weakened or lack of breathing is due to: a) compression of both the alveoli and bronchi by a large volume of fluid b) by friction of pleural leaves c) narrowing of the respiratory tract d) the presence of sputum in the main bronchi e) finding sputum in the trachea Dry whistling wheezes, heard only on inspiration, occur when: a) friction of pleural leaves b) narrowing of the small bronchi c) stridore d) accumulation of fluid in the pleura e) accumulation of fluid in interstitial tissue Dry whistling wheezes, heard to a greater extent at the end of exhalation, occur when: a) friction of pleural leaves b) stridore c) accumulation of fluid in the pleura d) narrowing of the small bronchi e) accumulation of fluid in interstitial tissue A small amount of viscous vitreous sputum is released in the syndrome: a) lung tissue seals b) bronchial patency disorders c) cavities in the lung d) syndrome of air accumulation in the pleural cavity e) accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity НАО «Медицинский университет Астана» Кафедра внутренних болезней с курсом гериатрии КИС – 84 Стр 15 из 24 Pathological bronchial respiration is heard above the area of the right lung during auscultation. On the X-ray, the shadow of a homogeneous structure with blurred, blurred boundaries indicates a syndrome: a) lung tissue seals b) bronchial patency disorders c) increased airiness of lung tissue d) air accumulations in the pleural cavity e) pain in the lung (after the breakthrough of the abscess into the bronchus) There is a single cavity formation on the X-ray, with a horizontal gas-liquid level. During auscultation over the lesion area, you can hear: a) stridor b) dry wheezing c) hard breathing d) puerile breathing e) amphoric breathing The X-ray image shows a homogeneous intense darkening with a descending or horizontal liquid level. During auscultation over the lesion area, you can hear: a) stridor b) sharp weakened breathing c) dry wheezing d) pleural friction noise e) amphoric breathing Method of measuring and graphically registering volumes and capacities: a) dynamometry b) spirometry c) peak flowmetry d) pulse oximetry e) elastometry The Tiffno index is a ratio: a) OFV1/YELLOW b) YELLOW/ OFV1 c) OFV1/MOD (minute breathing volume) d) OFV1/DO (respiratory volume) e) BEFORE/OFV1 The Tiffno index is normal: a) 60-65% НАО «Медицинский университет Астана» Кафедра внутренних болезней с курсом гериатрии b) c) d) e) КИС – 84 Стр 16 из 24 55-60% 70-75% 50-55% 45-50% The main breathing noises are: a) wet wheezes b) pleural friction noise c) dry wheezing d) crepitation e) vesicular respiration Additional respiratory noise in bronchial asthma: a) crepitation b) dry wheezing c) pleural friction noise d) small bubbly wheezes e) large bubbly wheezes During examination, the patient breathes superficially, breathes forcibly through lips folded into a tube, after a little physical exertion, the barrel chest puffs, inflating the cheeks. This objective picture is observed when: a) lung tissue seals b) cavities in the lung c) accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity d) increased airiness of lung tissue e) decline of lung tissue Side noise in bronchial asthma: a) dry wheezing b) crepitation c) pleural friction noise d) small bubbly wheezes e) large bubbly wheezes Peak flowmetry is the definition: a) peak exhalation rate b) of the vital capacity of the lungs c) of the residual volume d) peak inhalation rate e) respiratory volume НАО «Медицинский университет Астана» Кафедра внутренних болезней с курсом гериатрии КИС – 84 Стр 17 из 24 The patient has a paroxysmal cough, dry wheezing is heard during auscultation of the lungs, which is observed when: a) compaction of lung tissue b) accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity c) decline of lung tissue d) violation of bronchial patency e) cavities in the lung For bronchial patency disorder syndrome, the most characteristic is: a) weakening of vesicular respiration b) pleural friction noise c) crepitation d) amphoric breathing e) the presence of dry wheezing The patient has an allergic reaction to plant pollen, animal hair, manifested in the form of sneezing, nasal congestion, paroxysmal cough. In the general blood test, there is: a) thrombocytopenia b) lymphopenia c) lymphocytosis d) eosinophilia e) anemia Typical pathogens causing lung tissue compaction: a) salmonella enterica b) escherichia coli c) streptococcus pneumoniae d) clostridium difficile e) Treponema pallidum To diagnose the allergic genesis of bronchial obstruction, it is used: a) x-ray b) allergotest c) blood biochemistry d) ultrasound e) bronchoscopy Purulent sputum with a "full mouth" is observed in the syndrome: a) accumulation of air in the pleural cavity НАО «Медицинский университет Астана» Кафедра внутренних болезней с курсом гериатрии b) c) d) e) КИС – 84 Стр 18 из 24 accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity violation of bronchial patency increased airiness of lung tissue cavities in the lung The main sign of respiratory failure is: a) shortness of breath b) cough c) hemoptysis d) fever e) weakness With the right-sided accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity, the mediastinal organs are displaced: a) left b) to the right c) towards defeat d) towards the spine e) do not shift The patient complains of cough with purulent sputum up to 200 ml per day, shortness of breath, weakness, weight loss. During percussion, a dull tympanic sound was detected at the projection site of the upper lobe of the left lung, and pathological bronchial breathing. The leading syndrome: a) accumulation of air in the pleural cavity b) a cavity in the lung c) accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity d) bronchial patency disorder e) increased airiness of lung tissue A common cause of exudate accumulation in the pleural cavity may be: a) increased oncotic pressure b) hypocholesterolemia c) infection d) dyslipidemia e) triglyceridemia An increase in the height of the apex of the lungs is observed when: a) increased airiness of lung tissue b) compaction of lung tissue c) fibrinous lesion of the pleura НАО «Медицинский университет Астана» Кафедра внутренних болезней с курсом гериатрии КИС – 84 Стр 19 из 24 d) cavities in the lung e) decline of lung tissue The increase in the amount of interstitial fluid is due to: a) an increase in pressure in the capillaries b) by reducing the pressure in the capillaries c) increased oncotic pressure d) cell isotonicity e) decreased vascular permeability If air accumulation syndrome in the pleural cavity is suspected, first of all it is necessary: a) perform an ultrasound of the heart b) perform peak flowmetry c) perform ultrasound of the pleural cavities d) take a chest X-ray e) perform spirography During a general examination of a patient with bronchial patency disorder, the diagnostic significance is: a) waist size b) BMI c) body temperature d) thickness of the subcutaneous fat layer e) patient's position An increase in voice tremor may be observed when: a) bronchial patency disorder syndrome b) syndrome of increased airiness of lung tissue c) syndrome of fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity d) obstructive atelectasis syndrome e) pulmonary tissue compaction syndrome The patient is in a forced position with an emphasis on the upper shoulder girdle, the chest is emphysematous, with percussion a box sound, with auscultation you can hear: a) pleural friction noise b) dry wheezing c) pathological bronchial breathing d) crepitation e) wet wheezes НАО «Медицинский университет Астана» Кафедра внутренних болезней с курсом гериатрии КИС – 84 Стр 20 из 24 Evidence of pulmonary tissue compaction syndrome may be the following auscultative phenomenon: a) hard breathing over a compacted area b) bronchial respiration over a compacted area c) puerile breathing over a compacted area d) vesicular respiration over a compacted area e) stridorous respiration over a compacted area When examining a patient with a syndrome of fluid accumulation in the pleura, it is possible to identify: a) increased vocal tremor over the affected area b) tympanic sound over the affected area c) attenuation of vocal tremor over the affected area d) boxed sound over the affected area e) clear pulmonary sound over the affected area Microscopy of pleural fluid in favor of bacterial inflammation is indicated by: a) atypical cells b) eosinophils c) an increase in the number of neutrophilic leukocytes d) Charcot-Leyden crystals e) Kurshman spirals When examining a patient with lung pathology, it is possible to identify: a) exophthalmos b) telangiectasia c) streams d) cyanosis e) coylonychia Choose the right option regarding the amplification of voice tremor: a) can be determined above a cavity filled with air and surrounded by compacted lung tissue b) can be determined with pneumothorax c) can be determined over a section of fluid in the pleura d) may be detected in emphysema e) can be determined by blockage of the main bronchi НАО «Медицинский университет Астана» Кафедра внутренних болезней с курсом гериатрии КИС – 84 Стр 21 из 24 The acute onset of the disease with chills, an increase in body temperature is typical for: a) increased airiness of lung tissue b) bronchial patency disorders c) laryngeal edema d) edema of the bronchial mucosa e) lung tissue seals Dry cough, chest pain associated with breathing, forced position on the sore side may be manifestations of : a) increased airiness of lung tissue b) bronchospasm c) pleural lesions d) edema of the bronchial mucosa e) laryngeal edema The causes of transudate are : a) heart failure b) lung abscess c) bronchiectasis d) lung tissue seal e) pulmonary tuberculosis Patient M. 63 Suffers from chronic bronchitis for a long time. The chest is barrel-shaped. Auscultatively weakened vesicular respiration in all pulmonary fields. With percussion, the expected percussion sound a) boxed b) clear pulmonary c) dumb d) blunted e) blunted-tympanic Patient A. is 33 years old. After physical exertion, pain appeared in the right half of the chest, shortness of breath. Examination: asymmetry of the chest due to enlargement of the right half, tympanic percussion sound on the right. What will be the changes in vocal tremor and respiratory noises: a) vocal tremor is increased, bronchial breathing b) voice tremor is increased, hard breathing c) vocal tremor is attenuated, puerile breathing d) vocal tremor is increased, stridorous breathing e) vocal tremor is sharply weakened, vesicular breathing is sharply weakened НАО «Медицинский университет Астана» Кафедра внутренних болезней с курсом гериатрии КИС – 84 Стр 22 из 24 Patient B, 26 years old. She has been ill for 2 days, associated with hypothermia. During the examination: increased vocal tremor on the right in the lower parts, also bronchial breathing, moist medium-bubbly wheezing. What will be the percussion sound with comparative percussion over the lesion: a) boxed b) blunted-tympanic c) tympanic d) dumb e) clear When examining the chest, the ribs occupy a horizontal position, the supraclavicular fossa are poorly expressed, palpation weakening of vocal respiration, percussion box sound, auscultation weakened breathing in the lungs. What kind of syndrome can you think of? a) pulmonary tissue compaction syndrome b) fluid syndrome in the pleural cavity c) the syndrome of increased airiness of the lungs d) bronchial patency disorder syndrome e) lung cavity syndrome with purulent contents A 19-year-old patient complains of shortness of breath at rest and during exercise, cough with "rusty" sputum, fever. Got sick a week ago after catching a cold. Objective examination data: the left half of the chest lags behind in the act of breathing. Vocal tremor over the lower lobe of the left lung and bronchophony are amplified. Dull sound and bronchial respiration are also determined here. Which syndrome includes these symptoms? a) accumulation of air in the pleural cavity b) lung tissue seals c) cavities in the lung (without contents) d) increased airiness of lung tissue e) impaired bronchial patency A 41-year-old patient complains of weakness, shortness of breath at rest. Objective examination data: the patient's chest is asymmetric due to an increase in the right half, smoothing of the intercostal spaces, there is no vocal tremor, absolute dullness over the right lung, sharply weakened breathing on the right. What syndrome can be suspected? a) accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity b) accumulation of air in the pleural cavity c) cavities in the lung (without contents) d) increased airiness of lung tissue НАО «Медицинский университет Астана» Кафедра внутренних болезней с курсом гериатрии КИС – 84 Стр 23 из 24 e) impaired bronchial patency Patient K., 50 years old, went to the doctor complaining of shortness of breath and suffocation at night, sometimes during the day. During the attack, the patient is forced to sit with her hands on the bed. On examination of the patient: the chest is enlarged, wheezing can be heard in the distance. Sputum analysis contains eosonophils and Kurschmann spirals. What syndrome can I think of? a) accumulation of air in the pleural cavity b) impaired bronchial patency c) cavities in the lung (with purulent contents) d) increased airiness of lung tissue e) accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity The patient's chest is enlarged in the antero-posterior direction, participates superficially in the act of breathing, the intercostals are expanded, the lower borders of the lungs are lowered, the respiratory excursion of the lungs is limited. There is a box above the lungs, breathing is weakened. Such changes occur when: a) increased airiness of lung tissue b) accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity c) cavities in the lung (without contents) d) pulmonary tissue compaction syndrome e) respiratory failure syndrome A 45-year-old patient was taken to the emergency room with complaints of chills, high body temperature, stabbing pains in the chest on the left. The pain increases with breathing. RR is 30 per minute. The left half lags behind the right in the act of breathing, crepitation is also heard there. What kind of syndrome are we talking about: a) accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity b) cavities in the lung (without contents) c) bronchial patency disorder syndrome d) pulmonary tissue compaction syndrome e) increased airiness of the lungs A 45-year-old patient was admitted with complaints of cough with wet sputum, shortness of breath. Objectively: increased vocal tremor, percussion shortening of sound on the right, auscultatively wet wheezing, crepitation on the right. Choose the most informative examination method: a) biopsy b) spirography c) ultrasound НАО «Медицинский университет Астана» Кафедра внутренних болезней с курсом гериатрии КИС – 84 Стр 24 из 24 d) peak flowmetry e) R-graphy of lungs The patient is 53 years old, complains of weakness, shortness of breath at rest. Objective examination data: the patient's chest is asymmetric due to an increase in the right half, smoothing of the intercostal spaces, there is no vocal tremor, absolute dullness over the right lung, sharply weakened breathing on the right. On the X-ray: a) accumulation of air in the pleural cavity b) cavities in the lung (without contents) c) accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity d) increased airiness of lung tissue e) impaired bronchial patency Patient B., 68 years old, complains of severe shortness of breath with little physical exertion, cough with the release of "rusty" sputum, weakness. Objectively: The vocal tremor is detected to the right below the angle of the scapula. With percussion, there is a dull sound to the right below the angle of the scapula, there is also a sharp weakening of vesicular respiration. The heart tones are weakened, the rhythm is correct. Blood pressure 100/60 mmHg. HR-89ud.in min. Laboratory can be observed: a) lymphocytosis b) thrombocytopenia c) neutropenia d) leukocytosis e) basophilia Patient B., 68 years old, complains of severe shortness of breath with little physical exertion, cough with the release of "rusty" sputum, weakness. Objectively: The vocal tremor is detected to the right below the angle of the scapula. With percussion, there is a dull sound to the right below the angle of the scapula, there is also a sharp weakening of vesicular respiration. The heart tones are weakened, the rhythm is correct. Blood pressure 100/60 mmHg. HR-89ud.in min. The main diagnostic method is: a) chest X-ray survey b) ultrasound of pleural cavities c) peak flowmetry d) spirometry e) bronchoscopy