Insect Pests of Mango in the Philippines PDF

Common Insect pest of Mango in the Philippines: Taxonomical Nomenclature (Order, Family, Scientific names), Economic Importance, Damage, Biology and Control Jojine S. Cobrado, L. Agri. 1. Mango Se...

Common Insect pest of Mango in the Philippines: Taxonomical Nomenclature (Order, Family, Scientific names), Economic Importance, Damage, Biology and Control Jojine S. Cobrado, L. Agri. 1. Mango Seed Weevil Order: Coleoptera Family: Curculionidae Scientific Name: Sternochetus frigidus (Olivier) Economic Importance: Major pest affecting mango seed quality and fruit viability, leading to reduced yields and market value. Damage: Adults bore into the seed, causing fruit drop and seed damage. The infestation leads to poor fruit quality and reduced seed viability. Biology: o Life Cycle: Egg → Larva → Pupa → Adult o Eggs are laid inside the seed cavity, larvae feed on the seed, and pupae develop inside the seed before emerging as adults. Control: Cultural Control: Harvest fruits as soon as they mature to reduce the risk of infestation. Chemical Control: Use insecticides targeted at weevil larvae and adults. Biological Control: Introduce natural predators such as parasitoid wasps.  Common Insect pest of Mango in the Philippines: Taxonomical Nomenclature (Order, Family, Scientific names), Economic Importance, Damage, Biology and Control Jojine S. Cobrado, L. Agri. 2. Mango Fruit Fly Order: Diptera Family: Tephritidae Scientific Name: Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) Economic Importance: One of the most significant pests of mango, causing extensive fruit damage and economic losses due to reduced marketability. Damage: Females lay eggs under the fruit skin, larvae feed on the fruit pulp, causing premature fruit drop and rotting. Biology: o Life Cycle: Egg → Larva → Pupa → Adult o Eggs are deposited in the fruit, larvae feed on the pulp, and pupae develop in the soil before emerging as adults. Control: Cultural Control: Implement sanitation practices, such as removing infested fruits and using fruit traps. Chemical Control: Apply insecticides and use baiting techniques. Biological Control: Release parasitoid flies such as Diachasmimorpha longicaudata.  Common Insect pest of Mango in the Philippines: Taxonomical Nomenclature (Order, Family, Scientific names), Economic Importance, Damage, Biology and Control Jojine S. Cobrado, L. Agri. 3. Mango Hopper Order: Hemiptera Family: Cicadellidae Scientific Names: Idioscopus niveoparsus (Lethierry) Economic Importance: Affects mango trees by damaging leaves and panicles, leading to reduced fruit yield and quality. Damage: Adults and nymphs suck sap from leaves and panicles, causing stippling, leaf drop, and panicle damage. Infestation can lead to poor fruit set and reduced yields. Biology: o Life Cycle: Egg → Nymph → Adult o Eggs are laid on leaves and panicles, nymphs feed and grow on plant sap, and adults continue to feed and reproduce.  Common Insect pest of Mango in the Philippines: Taxonomical Nomenclature (Order, Family, Scientific names), Economic Importance, Damage, Biology and Control Jojine S. Cobrado, L. Agri. 4. Mango Mealybug Order: Hemiptera Family: Pseudococcidae Scientific Name: Drosicha mangiferae (Kuwana) Economic Importance: Causes significant damage by feeding on sap and producing sooty mold, affecting fruit quality and overall tree health. Damage: Mealybugs feed on plant sap, causing wilting, leaf drop, and sooty mold on honeydew, which reduces fruit quality. Biology: o Life Cycle: Egg → Nymph → Adult o Eggs are laid in clusters on leaves and stems, nymphs develop into adults covered in waxy secretions. Control: o Cultural Control: Prune infested branches and improve plant hygiene. o Chemical Control: Use insecticides and miticides. o Biological Control: Introduce natural predators such as ladybugs and parasitic wasps.  Common Insect pest of Mango in the Philippines: Taxonomical Nomenclature (Order, Family, Scientific names), Economic Importance, Damage, Biology and Control Jojine S. Cobrado, L. Agri. 5. Mango Scale Insect Order: Hemiptera Family: Diaspididae Scientific Name: Aonidiella orientalis (Newstead) Economic Importance: Affects mango trees by sucking sap, leading to sooty mold and reduced fruit quality and tree health. Damage: Scales feed on sap, leading to sooty mold development on fruit and leaves, which weakens trees and reduces fruit quality. Biology: o Life Cycle: Egg → Nymph → Adult o Eggs are laid on branches and leaves, nymphs settle and feed, and adults develop under a protective scale. Control: o Cultural Control: Regularly inspect and clean plants. o Chemical Control: Apply systemic insecticides and scale-specific treatments. o Biological Control: Utilize natural enemies such as predatory beetles and parasitic wasps.  Common Insect pest of Mango in the Philippines: Taxonomical Nomenclature (Order, Family, Scientific names), Economic Importance, Damage, Biology and Control Jojine S. Cobrado, L. Agri. 6. Mango Thrips Order: Thysanoptera Family: Thripidae Scientific Name: Scirtothrips mangiferae Economic Importance: Damages fruit and flowers, leading to reduced fruit quality and yield. Damage: Feeds on flower and fruit tissues, causing deformities, scarring, and reduced fruit quality. Biology: o Life Cycle: Egg → Nymph → Adult o Eggs are laid in flower or fruit tissues, nymphs feed on plant tissues, and adults continue to reproduce. Control: Cultural Control: Remove and dispose of infested plant parts. Chemical Control: Apply insecticides effective against thrips. Biological Control: Release predatory thrips and other natural enemies.  Common Insect pest of Mango in the Philippines: Taxonomical Nomenclature (Order, Family, Scientific names), Economic Importance, Damage, Biology and Control Jojine S. Cobrado, L. Agri. 7. Mango Bark-Eating Caterpillar Order: Lepidoptera Family: Cossidae Scientific Name: Indarbela tetraonis (Moore) Economic Importance: Infests trunks and branches, causing structural damage and dieback, which reduces fruit production. Damage: Larvae bore into the bark and cambium, causing wilting, dieback, and secondary infections. Biology: o Life Cycle: Egg → Larva → Pupa → Adult o Eggs are laid on the bark, larvae tunnel through the bark and cambium, and pupae develop inside the tunnels. Control: o Cultural Control: Inspect and remove infested branches. o Chemical Control: Use insecticides targeted at larvae. o Biological Control: Introduce parasitoid wasps that target bark-eating caterpillars.