Info 6117 Week 8 Information Management Data Integrity PDF

INFO 6117-Health Systems Administration Week 8: Health Information Management: Data, Information and Integrity No associated textbook chapter Today’s Objectives: Define Information Management (IM) and its relevant principles Outline the important components of d...

INFO 6117-Health Systems Administration Week 8: Health Information Management: Data, Information and Integrity No associated textbook chapter Today’s Objectives: Define Information Management (IM) and its relevant principles Outline the important components of data integrity and health information systems. Discuss the important features of data integrity to quality health outcomes. What is Information Management? the acquisition of information Information from one or more sources, management (IM) concerns a the custodianship and the and its ultimate disposition cycle of organizational distribution of through archiving or deletion. activity: that information to those who need it; Ten Principles of IM  Recognize (and  Provide strong leadership manage) complexity  Mitigate risks  Focus on adaptation  Communicate extensively  Deliver tangible and  Aim to deliver a seamless visible benefits user experience  Prioritise according to  Choose the first project business needs very  Take a journey of 1000 carefully steps Data, Information, Knowledge, Wisdom Hierarchy (DIKW): A collection of an organized body of information. Derived Representing when information is Knowledge Data information and facts organized, analyzed and synthesized but shaped by existing perceptions and experiences. When data are Information processed to reveal Wisdom The trait of utilizing meaning knowledge and experience with common sense and integrity.  Data quality depends on addressing four key challenges: Data Technology People Process Content Quality Types of Health Care Data:  Many types of data are Demographic: collected and used in Personal data information elements the Canadian health Clinical: care industry. Recorded by the service provider regarding  Data is used by many an encounter organizations and Coded: agencies for multiple Based on standards, guidelines and purposes. classification systems.  Some types of health Financial and Statistical: MIS standardized framework for collecting care data include: day to day Data Quality (Source: CIHI):  Assessment of data Accuracy quality is Degree to which information in or derived from a database or registry reflects measured by five the reality it was designed to measure Timeliness major The currency of the data at the time of release, determined by measuring the characteristics. gap between the end of the reference period to which the data pertain and the data on which the data became available to the users  Each is made up of Comparability its own criteria. The extent to which databases are consistent over time and use standard conventions, making them similar to other databases  This is used by Usability WHO, CIHI and The ease with which a database or registry’s data may be understood and accessed many other Relevance organizations. The degree to which a database or registry meets the current and potential future needs of users Data Integrity: Focuses on ensuring that data Changing Session are free of inconsistencies and encryption default passwords anomalies. Security principle that protects information from being modified Setting up Changing or otherwise corrupted. session logs default paths Built on the perspective that data is treated as a valuable asset. Data security involves important safeguards as follows: Setting up auditing Applying latest logs patches Securing with proper access  Integrity versus Quality Data integrity accuracy, consistency, and reliability of data ensures that data remains unaltered and free from corruption Data quality fitness for use of data focuses on attributes like accuracy, completeness, consistency, relevance, and timeliness of data Challenges with LOW Data Quality 1. Technology 2. People 3. Process 4. Content Producing high quality data: Data quality depends on having: Data quality Wide range of policies and studies procedures in place Reduce unnecessary information (duplication) Data quality Re-abstraction studies Regular quality control check- committees ups Clear definition of data elements Up to date training Comparing Recoding Frequent feedback to data coding health record collectors and users Health Information Systems: Health information analyze data to convert data into systems collect data ensure their overall information for health- from health sector quality, relevance and related decision- and other relevant timeliness, making sectors, World Health Organization – 2008 HIS Report Provides the underpinnings for decision- making and has four key functions: 1. Data generation 2. Compilation 3. Analysis and synthesis 4. Communication and use World Health Organization – 2008 HIS Report Date Generation WHO collects data from a variety of sources, including member states, health surveys, research studies, and health information systems. Data includes information on disease prevalence, mortality rates, health service coverage, risk factors, and health system performance World Health Organization – 2008 HIS Report Compilation Collected data is aggregated to provide a comprehensive picture of health trends and issues globally, regionally, and nationally. WHO compiles data into databases and repositories for easy access and analysis Validation processes to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the compiled data. Quality control measures include cross-referencing data sources and checking for inconsistencies. World Health Organization – 2008 HIS Report Analysis and Synthesis WHO analyzes data to identify trends, patterns, and emerging health issues. This involves statistical analysis, epidemiological modeling, and comparative assessments. World Health Organization – 2008 HIS Report Communication and use WHO disseminates its findings through reports, publications, and online platforms. Based on synthesized data and analysis, WHO provides policy recommendations to member states and other stakeholders. These recommendations guide the development and implementation of health policies, programs, and interventions. Health planners and decision-makers need different kinds of information: Inputs to the health system and Health determinants (socio-economic, related processes including policy and environmental behavioural, genetic organization, health infrastructure, factors) and the contextual facilities and equipment, costs, human environments within which the health and financial resources, health system operates information systems; Health planners and decision-makers need different kinds of information ctd: Performance or outputs of the health system such as availability, accessibility, quality and use of health Health outcomes (mortality, morbidity, information and services, disease outbreaks, health status, responsiveness of the system to user disability, wellbeing) needs, and financial risk protection Health planners and decision-makers need different kinds of information ctd: coverage of use of Health inequities, in services, and health terms of determinants, outcomes, and including key stratifiers such as sex, socio-economic status, ethnic group, geographic location etc. Use of HIS Individual Public Health Health Surveillance Facility Population  Health information system performance can be grouped into two broad types: Indicators related to data generation- using core sources and methods (health surveys, civil registration, census, facility reporting, health system resource tracking) Indicators related to country capacities for synthesis, analysis and validation of data Health indicators and metrics: Health indicators: Health metrics: are measures that are are more detailed measures reported on regularly and that track specific aspects of an that provide relevant and organization or health system’s actionable information performance about population health and/or health system performance and characteristics can provide comparable information, as well as track progress and performance over time  Health Indicators- CIHI CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI) provides comparable and actionable data and information used to accelerate improvements in health care, health system performance and population health across Canada stakeholders use health system databases, measurements and standards in decision-making processes protects privacy of Canadians by ensuring confidentiality and integrity of the health care information CIHI- Health Systems Performance Measurements  Health Indicators- Ontario Health OH: Ontario Health Oversees health care planning and delivery across Ontario to build a person-centred health care system measures and reports on how the health system is performing oversee delivery and quality of clinical care services, including cancer, renal, cardiac, palliative, mental health and addictions services managing funding and accountability for parts of the health system creating services that will give patients and health care providers more complete health information setting quality standards and developing evidence-based guidelines to improve clinical care Health Info-Structure Development and adoption of modern systems of information and communications technologies (ICTs) in the Canadian health care system Health Info-Structure - Purpose Allow the people of Canada (the general public, patients assist them to make informed and caregivers, as well as to communicate with each decisions about their own health care providers, health other and health, the health of others, managers, health and Canada's health system. policymakers and health researchers) Health Info-structure - Goals Continue to Greater and more Improved system improve patient consistent sustainability safety access to health services Key Priorities of Health Info-Structure Unlock additional Ensure the baseline quality and safety Trial and perfect EHR and public benefits by enabling Enable public Facilitate more advanced health info-structure decision support visibility into wait improvements in functionalities to are in place across and communication times. patient self- meet high-priority the country. across the care care. system needs. continuum. Media (CIHI’s Health System https://www.youtube.co Insight) m/wa tch?v=vuzWEzCV hQk  Summary: Data is collected and used by individuals and organizations for many purposes. Data can translate into critical information so it should be protected as an asset. DIKW hierarchy forms the foundation of the pathway leading to information, knowledge and wisdom. Producing high quality data involves: accuracy, timeliness, comparability, usability and relevance. Data integrity relies on addressing processes to ensure that information is not modified, corrupted, accidentally damaged or stolen. Data integrity is protected by database security safeguards. Health information structure is not only important for communication but is essential to improve safety, access and sustainability of our health care system. Thank You/Questions? Next Class: Focus: Research Overview