immunology lecture 3 LO.pdf

Diagnose different types of blood disorders based on lab tests, signs & symptoms, e.g., anemia, Von Willebrand disease, Thrombocytopenia, Hemophilia, Arterial thrombosis, Deep vein thrombosis Study Guide: Blood Disorders, Hemostasis, and Thrombosis 1. Hemostasis Definition: The process of sto...

Diagnose different types of blood disorders based on lab tests, signs & symptoms, e.g., anemia, Von Willebrand disease, Thrombocytopenia, Hemophilia, Arterial thrombosis, Deep vein thrombosis Study Guide: Blood Disorders, Hemostasis, and Thrombosis 1. Hemostasis Definition: The process of stopping bleeding through platelet plug formation and coagulation. Disorders of Hemostasis: Result from an imbalance in hemostatic forces. ○ Excessive Bleeding: Due to vessel wall defects, platelet disorders, and coagulation disorders. ○ Excessive Clotting: Occurs in hypercoagulation states, leading to arterial and venous thrombosis. 2. Platelet Disorders Von Willebrand Disease (vWD) ○ Cause: Deficient levels of von Willebrand factor (vWF), responsible for platelet adhesion and factor VIII binding. ○ Types: Type 1: Most common and least severe; decreased vWF and factor VIII levels. Type 2: Intermediate severity; includes several subtypes. Type 3: Rare and severe; nearly absent vWF and factor VIII. ○ Symptoms: Easy bruising, nosebleeds, heavy menstrual bleeding. ○ Treatment: Desmopressin (DDAVP) to induce release of vWF and factor VIII, or vWF replacement therapy. Thrombocytopenia ○ Definition: Platelet count