II- CELL SURFACE AND THE EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX (Part 2) - Copy.pdf

CELL SURFACE AND THE EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX LECTURE 2 OBJECTIVES 1. Review the mosaic of membrane structures that dictate the function of the plasma membrane; 2. Explain the fluid state of membranes and the movement of its lipids and proteins; 3. Summarize the functions of membrane prot...

CELL SURFACE AND THE EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX LECTURE 2 OBJECTIVES 1. Review the mosaic of membrane structures that dictate the function of the plasma membrane; 2. Explain the fluid state of membranes and the movement of its lipids and proteins; 3. Summarize the functions of membrane proteins; 4. Compare and contrast movement of small and large molecules across the plasma membrane; 5. Identify the different adhesion molecules in the cell; 6. Summarize the components of signal transduction; 7. Describe the function of the different components of the extracellular matrix; and 8. Review the different types of signaling complexes. OUTLINE A. Nature and Composition of Plasma Membrane B. Functions and Activities of Cell Membrane 1. Cell Adhesion, CAM’s, and Cell Junctions 2. Signal Transduction 3. Vacuole Formation C. Extracellular Environment 1. Extracellular Matrix 2. Adhesion Molecules and the Extracellular Matrix 3. Signaling Complexes B. FUNCTIONS AND ACTIVITIES OF CELL MEMBRANE- 1. Cell Adhesion *HOW DO CELLS INTERACT? E C M DIRECT CONTACT INDIRECTDIRECT CONTACT Cell-Cell Adhesion Cell-Matrix Adhesion B. FUNCTIONS AND ACTIVITIES OF CELL MEMBRANE- 1. Cell Adhesion *WHAT MEDIATES THE INTERACTION? Cell Adhesion Molecules or CAMs ? ? ? B. FUNCTIONS AND ACTIVITIES OF CELL MEMBRANE- 1. Cell Adhesion *HOW CAMs INTERACT? ? ? B. FUNCTIONS AND ACTIVITIES OF CELL MEMBRANE- 1. Cell Adhesion *WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF CELL ADHESION MOLECULES B. FUNCTIONS AND ACTIVITIES OF CELL MEMBRANE- 1. Cell Adhesion *HOW IMPORTANT ARE CAMs? FUNCTIONS? 1. Structural Integrity 2. External Sensing 3. Migration 4. Regulation of Transport 5. Communication SOURCE: Lin, Xiao & Kewen, Zhang & Wei, Dai-Xu & Tian, Ye & Gao, Yongguang & Chen, Zhihao & Qian, Airong. (2020). The Impact of Spaceflight and Simulated Microgravity on Cell Adhesion. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 21. 3031. 10.3390/ijms21093031.  B. FUNCTIONS AND ACTIVITIES OF CELL MEMBRANE- 1. Cell Adhesion CELL JUNCTIONS Two factors are important 1: shape and extent of the contact- This may be in the form of a spot or puctate area of limited extent called macula. Or this can be like a belt or girdle around the cell called zonula. 2: The relative closeness and nature of cell contact: Here the following terms are used *Occludens *Adherens *Gap CELL JUNCTIONS ? TIGHT JUNCTIONS Clinical Relevance CELL JUNCTIONS ADHERENS JUNCTIONS Clinical Significance CELL JUNCTIONS DESMOSOMES Clinical Significance CELL JUNCTIONS HEMIDESMOSOMES Clinical Significance CELL JUNCTIONS GAP JUNCTIONS PLASMODESMATA GAP JUNCTION CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE CELL JUNCTIONS SUMMARY (source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zZESsZZvhVk ) SELF CHECK B. FUNCTIONS AND ACTIVITIES OF CELL MEMBRANE- 2. Signal Transduction FORMS OF SIGNALLING B. FUNCTIONS AND ACTIVITIES OF CELL MEMBRANE- 2. Signal Transduction SIGNALING MOLECULES CELLULAR RECEPTORS B. FUNCTIONS AND ACTIVITIES OF CELL MEMBRANE- 2. Signal Transduction PROPAGATION OF SIGNALS Kinases Phosphorylases B. FUNCTIONS AND ACTIVITIES OF CELL MEMBRANE- 2. Signal Transduction REPONSE TO SIGNALS END- QUIZ NEXT MEETING