Sanitary Engineering Law in the Philippines (PDF)

They work for propagation of formal course and enactment of law regulating the practice of SE profession...

They work for propagation of formal course and enactment of law regulating the practice of SE profession Then chief of Metropolitan Water District “Sanitary Engineering Law” As elected president Act to regulate the practice of sanitary He was succeeded by Engr. Lamberto Un engineering in the Philippines Ocampo and later on by Engr. Emilio L. Ejercito Sr. A person duly registered with the board of examiners for SE as provided in RA 1364 During Pres. Ramon Magsaysay, MWD was organized into the National Water Works and Sewerage (NAWASA), thru the effort of Branch of civil engineering concerned primarily with Engr. Susano R. Negado the maintenance of the environmental conditions (as pure water supply, water disposal, insect control, nuisance abatement) conducive to public health Helped draft a law recognizing SE as a separate engineering specialty Holds SE registration no. 0001 The only one professional organization of SE in the Philippines accredited by Professional Regulation Commission Passage of RA 1364 Father of sanitary engineering in the Philippines earliest practitioners of SE in the PH first sanitary engineer of Manila Environmental Engineering Environmental Management Public Health Engineering A group of enterprising civil engineers with Plumbing And Fire Protection specialized studies in sanitary engineering Solid Waste Engineering obtained in USA initiated the formation of Waste Water Engineering PSSE Water Supply Engineering This initiative effort was cut short by WWII 3, 265 Registered SE pursuant to RA 1364 Japanese forces allowed a select few colleges of the university of the Philippines to St Paul University – Tugegarao open University Of The Northern Philippines – Vigan Technological Institute Of The Philippines – Recognize SE as a separate and highly Qc specialized field. NU Manila Mapua University – Manila University Of Baguio University Of Cordillera PSSE was revived through the efforts of Don DLSU Cavite Emilio L Ejercito Sr., with the help of Engr. BSU Batangas Lamberto Un Ocampo and others Partido State University – Bicol Region University Of South Eastern Philippines Wester Mindanao State University Appointed as Assistant instructor of SE Manuel L. Quezon University – QC under Dr. Hilario Lara (Dean of Institute of Hygiene) 3, 923 Registered SE pursuant to RA 1364  do not fall on official holidays, otherwise the examination shall be held on the days next following. Recommended engineering course in our modern times To address public health issues arising from Mathematics including Algebra, plane and the rapid growth of population spherical trigonometry, analytics, descriptive and solid geometry, differential and integral Is also Environmental engineering calculus, rational and applied mechanics. hydraulics, topographic and hydrographic surveying. Cleaning up the environment design and construction of wooden, Pollution control: air water and land masonry, reinforced concrete, and steel Protects public health structures as flumes, water towers and Sanitation and hygiene drainage canals. Solid waste management hydrology. Communicable disease prevention water and sewage analysis. Water supply engineering microbiology and bacteriology. Sanitary sewerage system and disposal design and construction of sewers, storm Storm drainage system drains, water purification plants, sewage Waste water treatment treatment plants and plumbing Industrial hygiene Sanitary science as applied to building: Provided, however, that duly registered civil o Engineering plumbing system engineers shall be exempted from taking o Fire protection system examinations in the following subjects: o Life and safety - Mathematics, including algebra, plane calculus, rational and applied mechanics, - hydraulics. Four-year baccalaureate program in SE or - topographic and hydrographic surveying. environmental and sanitary engineering - design and construction of wooden, Pass the board examination in SE masonry, reinforced concrete and steel structures as flumes, water towers and drainage canals. Range from PHP 40,000 to 60, 000 per semester in private universities. Cost of education is less in state universities Environmental engineering Public health engineering It shall be unlawful for any person, unless exempted Water supply and sanitary sewerage from registration under section twenty of this Act: engineering Water and wastewater treatment a. To be in responsible charge of the engineering preparation of plans, designs, investigations, Industrial hygiene officer valuations, technical reports, specification or Sanitary science as applied to buildings: estimates, or to be in performance of other o Engineering plumbing system sanitary engineering service, either for o Fire protection system himself or for others, unless he holds a valid As a building official certificate of registration as sanitary engineer. Examination shall be given in the City of Manila. Beginning on the last Monday of January and August of each year, provided that such days  opinion on engineering subject unless it is founded on adequate knowledge and conviction on his part. 4. Shall act for his client or his employer in a professional manner as a faithful agent or trustee and in instances when in his judgement his client's final decision may defer from his own, he must explain the possible consequences It shall be unlawful for any person or firm to order or 5. Shall accept remuneration and compensation only otherwise cause the construction, erection, from his client for services actually rendered and in installation or alteration of any sanitary engineering instances wherein the client and payor are of equipment, machinery or process for any sanitary different personalities, he must inform all parties engineering work, project or plant, the cost of which concerned. exceeds five thousand pesos, unless the design, 6. Shall respect the opinion and work of another plans, layouts, and/or specifications have been engineer for the same client and shall not review the prepared under the responsible charge of, signed same without informing such engineer or unless the and sealed by a registered sanitary engineer, and/or relationship of the engineer and the client has alteration thereof are executed under the terminated. responsible charge and direct supervision of a registered sanitary engineer. 7. Shall maintain friendly relationship with his fellow engineers, and shall not directly injure the business reputation or employment position of another engineer. 8. Shall maintain fair play when competing for a job This Act shall take effect upon its approval. by not taking advantage of his salaried position or exerting undue influence to offer. solicit and accept Approved, June 18, 1955 compensation for the purpose of effecting negotiations for a professional engagement. 9. Shall advise his employer or client that the engagement of professional services should not be based purely on monetary considerations. 10. Shall avoid self-laudation in advertisement and make false statements with respect to his moral principles, as of an individual. qualifications and experience. that branch of philosophy dealing with values relating to human conduct, with respect to the rightness and wrongness of certain actions and to the goodness and badness of the motives and ends of such actions. The Sanitary Engineer in the performance of his duties, deals with clients, the general public and his fellow engineers. art and science of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through His conduct must be guided by a set of principles the organized efforts of society designed to uphold the integrity and the dignity of the profession, thus a Sanitary Engineer; 1. Shall discharge his duties faithfully, efficiently with deals with the control of the environment, fairness and impartiality to all for the benefit of God, with those modifications and protective and his country, his fellowmen and lastly to himself. preventive measures that have been found desirable or necessary for providing optimum 2. Shall uphold the honor and dignity of the conditions for health and well-being profession, maintain an honest reputation, broadens, public knowledge and appreciation to sanitary and environmental engineering, its achievements and accomplishments. 3. Shall oppose any false and exaggerated statements not based on facts regarding engineering achievements, nor shall express an  Biological products - use of natural products in the pharmaceutical industry has tended to fluctuate widely, with a general decline in pharmaceutical bioprospecting by major companies Air quality regulation. Disruption will affect air quality, leading to air pollution related Climate regulation. Disruption will impact on climate sensitive diseases Water regulation. Disruption will affect water quantity and quality, leading to water. Erosion regulation. Disruption will cause landslides/mudslides that will result to deaths or injuries Water purification and waste treatment. Disruption will affect water quality, leading to Disease regulation. Disruption can directly change the abundance of human pathogens, such as cholera, and can alter the abundance of disease vectors, such as mosquitoes Rest regulation. Disruption of natural pest control due to biodiversity loss will affect food security and nutrition status. Pollination. Disruption will affect the distribution, abundance, and effectiveness of pollinators than can contribute to nutrition problems and non-communicable diseases Natural hazard regulation. Disruption will limit the functions of coastal ecosystems such as mangroves and coral reefs in preventing typhoons and storm surges that can cause deaths and injuries Nutrient cycling - disruption can impair soil fertility resulting in reduced crop yields which impair the nutritional status of households and diet deficiencies (both macro-and micro- nutrients) and harm children's physical and mental development Water cycling - disruption will affect availability and quality of freshwater for drinking that could lead to water-related diseases Photosynthesis - disruption will affect the provision of clean oxygen and food from plants necessary for body functions and nutrition Food - undernutrition accounts for nearly 10% of the global burden of disease Water - water-associated infectious diseases claim up to 3.2 million lives each Spiritual and recreational services - year, approximately 6% of all deaths globally ecosystems provide sites and opportunities Timber, fibre and fuel - about 7 million for tourism, recreation, aesthetic annual global deaths due to outdoor and appreciation, inspiration and education indoor air pollution from organic fuels which can improve mental health  Malaria control structures and other structures for public health and welfare Insect and vermin control or eradication; rural and camp sanitation; milk and food sanitation Atmospheric pollution or the control of indoor air, especially the air of working spaces in industrial establishments (industrial hygiene engineering); stream pollution Construction of dams and irrigation canals provide ideal habitat for snails that serve as the intermediate reservoir host species for schistosomiasis Irrigated rice fields increase the extent of mosquito-breeding surface, increasing the chance of transmission of mosquito-borne malaria, lymphatic filariasis, and Japanese encephalitis Deforestation has increased the risk of malaria in Africa and South America by increasing habitat suitable for malaria transmitting mosquitoes Uncontrolled urbanization in the forest ecosystem has been associated with mosquito-borne viruses (arboviruses) in the Amazon and with lymphatic filariasis in Africa. Poor water supply systems, inadequate garbage and wastewater disposal systems, and lack of shelter in urban areas promote transmission of dengue fever, Zika virus disease and chikungunya diseases. Public health engineering is an essential field in Habitat fragmentation, with subsequent preventing diseases biodiversity loss, increases the prevalence in ticks of the bacteria that causes Lyme Environmental modifications, if not carefully studied, disease in North America will affect ecosystem services that could favor Overcrowded and mixed livestock practices, emergence or re-emergence of pathogens affecting as well as the trade in bush meat, can public health facilitate interspecies host transfer of disease Mitigation of environmental damage and adaptation agents, leading to dangerous novel to ecosystem changes are forms of public health pathogens such as SARS and new strains of engineering that can address the impact of influenza environmental problems on health Cooperation with other countries as well as inter- ministerial collaboration are necessary to achieve the environment and health goals on sustainable development that affects public health Sanitary surveys, reports, design, direction, management, consultation, investigation, Philippine Sanitary Engineers must be familiar also professional research, and laboratory works on: with international challenges affecting the Philippines to improve knowledge and skills in Water purification plants; water collection coping with the demand of work related to and distribution systems; reservoirs environment and health Drainage and sewer systems; sewage treatment plants; sewage disposal tanks  1. A representative from the Non-Government Organizations (NGOs); 2. A representative from the Recycling Industry (present Vice Chairman); 3. A representative from the Manufacturing or Packaging Industry; Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 First law signed by former President Gloria Waste Generation Macapagal Arroyo Waste Avoidance Approved on January 26, 2001 Storage Took Effect on February 16, 2001 Collection Transfer and Transport Processing and Recovery Biomass Processes and Technologies Disposal Government sector-14 Within 5 years upon the effectivity of the Act (by year Oversees the implementation of SWM plans 2006), the LGU should divert at least 25% of the Prescribe policies to achieve the objectives waste from disposal facilities through re-use, of the Act recycling, composting and other resource recovery Composed of 17 members: activities. o 14 members from the government Waste diversion goals should be increased every 3 sector years thereafter (year 2009). o 3 members from the private sector NSWMC Members (Government Sector-14) 1. DENR (Chair); 2. DILG; Twin pits 3. DOST; Tower tires 4. DPWH; Bottomless composters 5. DOH; Clay flower pots 6. DTI; Plastic bag 7. DA; Compost bins 8. MMDA; 9. LPP; 10. LCP; 11. LMP; 12. Liga ng mga Barangays; 13. TESDA; and 14. PIA Removal of storage areas for recyclables, makeshift huts and other structures within the boundaries of the disposal facility Relocation or alternative source of income to waste pickers should also be part of the plan Compaction of the exposed waste Site graded to slopes ranging from 2 to 4% to facilitate drainage and prevent local ponding. Side slopes can be generally set at the ratio of 1 vertical to 3 horizontal or gentler depending in the nature of waste and actual site conditions  The amount of emitted gases such as methane should also be minimized. minimize and prevent harmful effects to Peripheral canals or ditches should be human health and to protect the surrounding constructed around the site to divert runoff natural environment To prevent contact of the waste pile with water thereby reducing the potential for leachate generation. actual operations and use of the landfill site Canal or ditch built at the points of exit of the i.e. retaining structures, bunds, lining leachate from the waste pile system, drainage system, leachate Evaporation or re-circulation may be allowed collection, and treatment facilities, gas in small working areas collection system, cover system. Treatment for collected leachate Natural attenuation maybe resorted for small quantities of leachate the daily management activities of the landfill The contaminated liquid must not be allowed site to drain into streams or natural bodies of Such include the administrative office, water weighbridge and weighbridge station. In the case of gas, vents made up of local the common facilities necessary to support materials such as bamboo or PVC pipes may the other management and operations be installed at selected points within the facilities such as access roads, fencing, waste pile. workshop, vehicle cleansing facility, fire As a rule, vents may be spaced 50 meters prevention system. apart is a disposal site designed, constructed, operated and maintained in a manner that exerts engineering Location control over significant environmental impact arising Hydrogeology from the development and operation of the facility. Social Acceptability Function: Availability Economics preventing undue incidents such as overflowing of the waste and leachate seepage; propagation of vectors and attracting animals; scattering of wastes; and provision for linear system emission of unpleasant odor. leachate collection and treatment system gas control recovery system security fence designed to have the capability of storing and Waste placement safely containing the waste within its Odor control boundary and retaining the leachate from Daily soil cover seeping out and polluting the surrounding environment. to prevent the waste from scattering and emitting unpleasant odor. Groundwater monitoring It is essential that leachate quantity be Surface water monitoring reduced and treated.  Closure program Application for final cover consists of an excavated trench into which the solid wastes are spread, compacted and covered. best suited for nearly level land where the water table is not near the surface. Usually the soil excavated from the trench is used forcover material. best suited for flat or gently sloping areas where some land depressions may exist The wastes are spread, compacted and then covered with material which may need to be hauled in from adjacent areas.