Hydrometeorological Hazards: Typhoon PDF

Hydrometeorological hazards  Hydro meteorological hazards are caused by extreme meteorological and climate events, such as floods, droughts, hurricanes, tornadoes, landslides, or mudslides. Multiple hazards often concur in one extreme weather event. Typhoons S- Similar names (hur...

Hydrometeorological hazards  Hydro meteorological hazards are caused by extreme meteorological and climate events, such as floods, droughts, hurricanes, tornadoes, landslides, or mudslides. Multiple hazards often concur in one extreme weather event. Typhoons S- Similar names (hurricane, storm, tropical cyclone, tornado) T-Tumultous strong wind O- originate from the word Tipon, Tufan -Tai fung, Too fan R-rainfall is heavy M- may visit the Philippines 12-20 times a year  A typhoon is describe as a “tumultuous storm” due to its large storm system that moves in spiral or circular motion producing violent winds within hundreds of kilometers or miles in diameter.  Usually the wind moves around a region of low atmospheric pressure. Meteorologist also illustrates typhoon as a mature tropical cyclone that develops in the western part of South Pacific Ocean known as the Northwestern Pacific Basin.  Almost one third of the world’s yearly tropical cyclone originate in this basin making it the most active tropical cyclone basin on Earth.  A virulent storm originating from the Atlantic Ocean and Eastern Pacific is known as “Hurricane”. If it originates in the Indian Ocean, they are known as “tropical cyclone.  There are many origin of the word typhoon. In 1550, ”tipon” is describe as a violent storm”. The Greek called typhoon "whirlwind”, based from a character personified as a giant, father of the winds  The word “cyclone” was first recorded during a voyage of Caesar Frederick to the east Indies. Chinese uses the word ”taifung” describing a “great wind” while Indians has ”toofan” pertaining to big storm. The word tufan is an arabic, persian and hindi term meaning “big cyclonic storm”.  Typhoon is known by different names around the world. Filipinos refer to it is “Bagyo”. Australian called it “willie- willie” while people from south America refer to it as “tornado”. Tropical Cyclone is the term used for strong winds coming from the Southeast and Southwestern Indian Ocean and South Pacific Ocean. Crossing the west dateline of the Northwest Pacific Ocean also known as South Pacific Ocean and North Atlantic Ocean it is termed as “Hurricane”  The Philippines experienced “bagyo” 12-20 times annually. This tropical cyclone is describe as an intense weather condition over tropical seas and oceans. It is usually accompanied by strong winds, heavy rain and large ocean waves. Its wind circulation revolves to the right of southern hemisphere and to the left in the northern hemisphere.  The country’s premier agency for meteorological and hydrological hazards. Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical Services Administration or PAGASA has independently named tropical cyclone entering PAR since 1963. following the American tradition of naming typhoon in alphabetical order.  PAGASA had traditional utilized female name ending in “NG” until early 2000 when they started using male’s name. Classification of tropical cyclone Tropical cyclone are classified based on their strength and are clustered based of maximum sustained winds the center Less than or equal to 61 kilometer per hour Tropical depression 62 to 88 kilometer per hour Tropical storm 89 to 117 kilometer per hour Severe tropical storm 118 to 220 KPH Typhoon More than 220 KPH Super typhoon Typhoon configuration  Measures that can be taken BEFORE a typhoon It is vital to constantly keep yourself updated with the up-to-the-minute weather report Stay connected with family member. Prior to any weather disturbance make an emergency plan with your family Clean and unclogged all drainage system of your house. Check your roofing's, window, doors, and ceilings of any holes or dents. Trim or cut trees  Prepared ample amount of imperishable no cook food and bottled water Transfer all your furniture, appliances and other stuff not viable to come in contact with water to an elevate portion of your house  If your local official advised to evacuate, do so. Do not wait for any untoward incident to happen before leaving. Better safe than sorry Your emergency kit should be ready at all the times. It must contain first-aid supplies life vest, transistor radio, flashlight, candles, match, toiletries, alcohol and clean clothes  Secure all important family documents by wrapping in with plastic include it in you go bag Use water-proofs shoes to prevent fungal infection Farmer should harvest crops days before the weather disturbance. Fishermen should refrain from fishing and must secure their boats at bay Measures that can be taken DURING a typhoon Stay inside your house. Post pone any schedule of travels Be aware of areas vulnerable to floods and land slide. Stay away from these area as much as possible Keep updated with the latest news through your television, radio and internet Avoid drinking from sources exposed to flood water. Boil water atleast 20 minutes  In case of power interruption, place all lighted candles and lamps away from curtains and flammable materials Shut down the main source of electricity if flood water is rising. Secure your electronic gadgets and appliances in high grounds Do not stride in flood water to avoid having water-borne diseases. Use protective clothing like raincoats or plastic boots  If advise to evacuate, do so promptly. Do not wait for the situation to worsen secure your house for any burglar. People living in areas vulnerable to storm surge should evacuate in high grounds ahead of time. Ask local officials for nearest evacuation area Measures that can be taken AFTER a typhoon Keep abreast with the latest weather update through radio, television or internet. If your house is heavily damaged, stay in the evacuation center until advise to go home or have your house inspect by city engineers. Do not use wet electrical outlet. Ask an electrician to inspect all electrical outlet before using it again.  Boil water at least 20 minutes before drinking Old tires, cans and pots must be clean thoroughly or disposed. These could be breeding ground for mosquitoes. Be cautions for harmful animal like snakes that may have entered your house. Do not hinder emergency and rescue operation