Human Anatomy Head & Neck PDF

HUMAN ANATOMY 2 Head & Neck  SKULL NORMA FRONTALIS (Anterior View of Skull) NORMA VERTICALIS (Superior View of Skull) NORMA OCCIPITALIS (Posterior View of Skull)  NORMA BASALIS (Inferior View of Skull) -. MANDIBLE TEMPORAL & INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA ...

HUMAN ANATOMY 2 Head & Neck  SKULL NORMA FRONTALIS (Anterior View of Skull) NORMA VERTICALIS (Superior View of Skull) NORMA OCCIPITALIS (Posterior View of Skull)  NORMA BASALIS (Inferior View of Skull) -. MANDIBLE TEMPORAL & INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA  MUSCLE OF MASTICATION 1-TemporaIis 2-Masseter 3-Lateral pterygoid 4-Medial pterygoid Important notes :- 1- All muscles of mastication takes origin from the skull and inserted in the mandible. 2- All muscles takes nerve supply from the mandibular nerve. 3- All the muscles elevate the mandible (close the mouth) except the lateral pterygoid depresses the mandible (open the mouth). 4- All the muscles protract the mandible except the temporalis retracts the mandible 5- Medial & Lateral pterygoid moves the mandible side to side (chewing). TEMPORALIS ORIGIN Arises from floor of temporal fossa & deep surface of temporal fascia. INSERTION coronoid process and anterior border of ramus mandible. NERVE SUPPLY anterior division of mandibular nerve ACTION Elevation of mandible by anterior fibers & retraction by posterior fibers. MASSETER ORIGIN Lower border and inner surface of the zygomatic arch INSERTION Lateral surface of the ramus of the mandible. NERVE SUPPLY anterior division of the mandibular nerve. ACTION Elevation and protraction of the mandible.  LATERAL PTERYGOID ORIGIN Upper head: from the infratemporal surface of the greater wing of sphenoid bone. Lower head: from the lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate. INSERTION anterior aspect of the neck of the mandible and the articular disc of the temporo-mandibular joint. NERVE SUPPLY anterior division of the mandibular nerve. ACTION pulls the head of mandible forward during opening of the mouth (helps in depression of mandible), protracts the mandible & side to side moves (chewing). MEDIAL PTERYGOID ORIGIN Superficial head: from the maxillary tuberosity. Deep head: from the medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate. INSERTION medial surface of the angle of the mandible. NERVE SUPPLY Main trunk of the mandibular nerve. ACTION helps in elevation of mandible, protraction of the mandible and side to side movement(chewing).