HPPE Lec No.8.pdf

Health Program Planning and Evaluation Dr. Abdelsalam Mohamed Daoud Department of Epidemiology Faculty of Public Health Jazan University 1 Indicator Objectively verifiable and repeatable measurement of a result. Indicators are built on a combination of measurement of quantity, quality and/or tim...

Health Program Planning and Evaluation Dr. Abdelsalam Mohamed Daoud Department of Epidemiology Faculty of Public Health Jazan University 1 Indicator Objectively verifiable and repeatable measurement of a result. Indicators are built on a combination of measurement of quantity, quality and/or time attributes of a result. ‫مؤشر‬ .‫قياس النتيجة بشكل موضوعي وقابل للتكرار‬ ‫أو‬/‫ؤشرات إلى مزيج من قياس الكمية و‬C‫تستند ا‬ .‫أو سمات الوقت للنتيجة‬/‫الجودة و‬ ‫داء‬$‫مؤشر ا‬ Performance indicator ‫أو إلى‬/‫سمة أو خاصية تستخدم لقياس ما إذا كان و‬ .‫توقعة‬C‫نشطة أو النتيجة ا‬$‫ا‬/‫أي مدى تم تحقيق الهدف‬  A feature or characteristic used to measure whether and/or the extent to which the objective/activities or expected result has been achieved.  Performance indicators must be defined at the planning stage when setting out objectives and ‫داء في مرحلة‬$‫يجب تحديد مؤشرات ا‬ expected results. .‫توقعة‬C‫هداف والنتائج ا‬$‫التخطيط عند تحديد ا‬  Plans for monitoring and evaluation will derive from .‫ؤشرات‬C‫ستستمد خطط الرصد والتقييم من ا‬ the indicators. ‫ؤشرات الصحية‬+‫ا‬ Health Indicators ‫ فكر في‬،‫عتبار‬5‫مع وضع هدف الصحة الجيدة في ا‬ ‫ؤشر على أنه‬+‫ا‬ With the goal of good health in mind, think of an indicator as ‫" مارك فريدمان‬.‫مقياس يساعد على تحديد تحقيق الهدف‬ “…a measure that helps quantify the achievement of a goal.” Mark Friedman Power of indicators is comparisons - over time (trends) - geographic areas - groups of people and the focus on the most essential domains of health. Health Indicators, Part I ‫ما الذي يجعل ا)ؤشر جيدا؟‬ What makes a good indicator?  Data Power – high quality, available data  Proxy Power – central importance to health  Communication Power – that the meaning is transparent. ‫ بيانات عالية الجودة ومتاحة‬- ‫قوة البيانات‬ ‫ أهمية مركزية للصحة‬- ‫قوة الوكيل‬ .‫ أن ا)عنى شفاف‬- ‫تصال‬O‫قوة ا‬ Health Indicators, Part I ‫شتركة للمؤشرات الصحية‬0‫طر ا‬2‫ا‬ Common Frameworks for Health Indicators 1. Determinants of Health - emphasizes the physical environment, social environment, health behaviors, medical care. 2. Life Course - emphasizes conditions/experiences early in life (e.g., 0-5) and interactions at developmental stages throughout life in optimizing our health "trajectory". 3. Social Determinants emphasizes educational, economic, and social conditions and interactions in shaping health. Health Indicators, Part I ‫ؤشرات الصحية؟‬,‫كيف يتم استخدام ا‬ How are health indicators used? .‫ؤشرات هي أدوات قوية للرصد والتواصل معلومات مهمة عن صحة السكان‬,‫ا‬ Indicators are powerful tools for monitoring and communicating critical information about population health. ‫وارد واستهدافها‬,‫ولويات وتطوير ا‬N‫ؤشرات لدعم التخطيط )تحديد ا‬,‫تستخدم ا‬ .‫حرز نحو أهداف مجتمعية واسعة‬,‫عايير( وتتبع التقدم ا‬,‫وتحديد ا‬ Indicators are used to support planning (identify priorities, develop and target resources, identify benchmarks) and track progress toward broad community objectives. ‫شاكل‬,‫إشراك الشركاء في العمل التعاوني )بناء الوعي با‬ .(‫ وتوليد التدخ]ت‬،‫وا`تجاهات‬ Engagement of partners into collaborative action (build awareness of problems and trends, generate interventions). Inform policy and policy makers, and can be used to promote accountability among governmental and non-governmental agencies. ‫ ويمكن استخدامها‬،‫إب]غ السياسات وصانعي السياسات‬ .‫ الوكا`ت الحكومية وغير الحكومية‬c‫ساءلة ب‬,‫لتعزيز ا‬ Health Indicators, Part I ‫ؤشرات الصحية؟‬,‫من يقوم بتجميع )جمع( ا‬ Who compiles(collect) health indicators? Reports are compiled at every level • Local and State level - Health departments, foundations and organizations, businesses, educational, law enforcement, human services providers, and other civic leaders, universities, media. • National – Federal government/ private partnerships. • International – WHO What are the Common Health Indicators? :‫تعلقة بالو)دة والوفاة‬0‫ؤشرات الصحية ا;كثر شيوعا هي تلك ا‬0‫ا‬ The most common health indicators are those related to birth and death:  Life expectancy,  Premature mortality (e.g., Years of Potential Life Lost or YPLLs)  Age-specific death rates (e.g., infants, teens)  Cause specific deaths (e.g., lung, cervical cancer)  Births to teens  Very/Low birth weight  Adequacy of prenatal care  Social characteristics of parents (e.g, maternal educational attainment). High completeness of reporting, widely available through the National Vital Statistics System, and standardized so as to be comparable across states and nations. Health Indicators, Part I Common Health Indicators Morbidity/Health Status •Health-related Quality of Life: –Poor health days –Self-rated health status •Obesity – Body Mass Index based on self-reported height and weight •Diabetes, asthma, and other chronic diseases. ‫ؤشرات الصحية الشائعة‬/‫ا‬ Common Health Indicators Health Behaviors:  Not smoking  Regular physical activity  Diet and nutrition  Moderate or no drinking, not using drugs. Access to Health Care  Insurance coverage  Regular source of care  Avoidable hospitalizations  Receipt of preventive services Health Indicators, Part I ‫ما هي مصادر البيانات للمؤشرات ا'شتركة؟‬ What are the Data Sources for Common Indicators? • National Vital Statistics System (Birth, Mortality) • Surveys (Behavioral Risk Factor Survey--Adults and Youth, National Health Interview Survey , National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey ,National Survey of Children's Health, National Immunization Survey) • Disease Surveillance System. • Health services administrative data (Medicare/Medicaid Claims, hospital billing data or other required/voluntary reporting) Health Indicators, Part I