Histopathology Lesson 1: Introduction To Tissue Processing PDF

**LESSON 1: INTRODUCTION TO TISSUE PROCESSING** [Desired Learning Outcomes] --------------------------------------- At the end of the lesson, you are expected to: 1. know the different methods of tissues examination and select the appropriate method to be performed depending on the specific...

**LESSON 1: INTRODUCTION TO TISSUE PROCESSING** [Desired Learning Outcomes] --------------------------------------- At the end of the lesson, you are expected to: 1. know the different methods of tissues examination and select the appropriate method to be performed depending on the specific tissue sample; 2. discriminate the different specimens handled in the histopathology laboratory; 3. discuss the advantages and disadvantages of fresh and preserved tissue examination; 4. identify and explain the relevance of the initial steps prior to tissue processing; and 5. identify the different equipment, glasswares and materials used in the histopathology laboratory as well as the corresponding use of each. - preparation, processing and staining of tissue sections of tissue sections for microscopic study to be interpreted by the pathologist - study of disease at the tissue level 1. **Autopsy Materials:** examined to determine the cause of death 2. **Surgical Materials:** otherwise referred to as surgical or biopsy materials; examined to provide a diagnosis A. *FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION*: removal of cells from the area of abnormality - considered as the simplest and least invasive method of collecting biopsy specimens - method of collection for fluid-containing tumors B. *CORE NEEDLE BIOSY*: removal of cells and small amount of surrounding tissue C. *INCISIONAL BIOPSY*: removal of cells with more surrounding tissue D. *EXCISIONAL BIOPSY*: removal of the entire area in question - Ensure complete removal of the lesion - Confirm that the diagnosis is correct E. *PUNCH BIOPSY*: removal of 3 to 4 mm cylindrical core of tissue samples - small: 2mm; large: 4mm - lesion should be at the center F. *SHAVE BIOPSY*: removal of small fragments of tissue from a surface G. *CURETTINGS*: removal of tissue or growths from body cavities 1. Specimen: 1 month to 1 year 2. Tissue Blocks: 3 to 10 years 3. Slides: Indefinite 4. Records (request and result forms): Permanent 1. Structural and chemical components to be studied 2. Nature and amount of sample to be evaluated 3. The need to provide an immediate diagnosis - No fixative required - Examined using a Brightfield or Phase-Contrast microscope - Stained with supravital or differential dyes - Observation of physiologic processes or protoplasmic activities (motion, mitosis, phagocytosis and pinocytosis) - Relatively simple and easy to perform - Limited use - Liable to develop changes observed after death (putrefaction and autolysis) +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **TEASING** | - Dissection or separation of | | | tissue components in NSS or | | | Ringer's solution | | | | | | - Examined as stained or | | | unstained | | | | | | - Anatomical relationship is | | | destroyed | +===================================+===================================+ | **SQUASH** | - Tissue (\